Managing and treating COVID-19 in patients with hematological malignancies: a narrative review and expert insights DOI Creative Commons

Heng Joo Ng,

Maaz Kamal Alata,

Quang The Nguyen

et al.

Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: June 4, 2024

Abstract Patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs) are at a significantly higher risk of contracting COVID-19 and experiencing severe outcomes compared to individuals without HMs. This heightened is influenced by various factors, including the underlying malignancy, immunosuppressive treatments, patient-related factors. Notably, regimens commonly used for HM treatment can lead depletion B cells T cells, which associated increased COVID-19-related complications mortality in these patients. As pandemic transitions into an endemic state, it remains crucial acknowledge address ongoing In this review, we aim summarize current evidence enhance our understanding impact HMs on risks outcomes, identify particularly vulnerable individuals, emphasize need specialized clinical attention management. Furthermore, impaired immune response vaccination observed patients underscores importance implementing additional mitigation strategies. may include targeted prophylaxis antivirals monoclonal antibodies as indicated. To provide practical guidance considerations, present two illustrative cases highlight real-life challenges faced physicians caring HMs, emphasizing individualized management based disease severity, type, unique circumstances each patient.

Language: Английский

The unique presentation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in patients with B-cell depletion: definition of ‘persistent inflammatory sero-negative COVID’ DOI Creative Commons

Ana Belkin,

Avshalom Leibowitz, Liat Shargian

et al.

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(1), P. 1 - 3

Published: Oct. 6, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Outcomes and Management of the SARS-CoV2 Omicron Variant in Recipients of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy DOI Creative Commons
María Stefania Infante, David Nemirovsky, Sean M. Devlin

et al.

Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 116.e1 - 116.e12

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

14
A Machine Learning approach to identify groups of patients with hematological malignant disorders DOI Creative Commons
Pablo Rodríguez-Belenguer, José Luís Piñana, Manuel Sánchez-Montañés

et al.

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 246, P. 108011 - 108011

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

The study addresses the need for strong vaccine-induced antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised hematological malignancy (HM) patients to reduce COVID-19 severity. Despite vaccination efforts, over a third of HM remain unresponsive, increasing their risk severe breakthrough infections. aims leverage machine learning's adaptability dynamics, efficiently selecting patient-specific features enhance predictions and improve healthcare strategies. Emphasizing complex COVID-hematology connection, focus is on interpretable learning provide valuable insights clinicians biologists. evaluated dataset with more than 1600 diseases. output was achievement or non-achievement serological response after full vaccination. Various methods were applied, best model selected based metrics like Area Under Curve (AUC) score, Sensitivity, Specificity, Matthew Correlation Coefficient (MCC). Individual SHAP values obtained model, principal component analysis (PCA) applied these values. patient profiles then analyzed within identified clusters. Support vector (SVM) emerged as best-performing model. PCA SVM-derived resulted four perfectly separated These clusters, ordered by probability generating antibodies. clusters characterized respective probabilities. Cluster 1, second-highest (69.91%), included aggressive diseases factors contributing increased immunodeficiency. 2 had lowest likelihood (33.3%), but small sample size limited conclusive findings. 3, representing majority population, exhibited high rate antibody generation (84.39%) better prognosis compared 1. 4, 66.33%, B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma corticosteroid therapy. methodology successfully separate suggests methodology's potential applicability other diseases, highlighting importance ML research decision-making.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Treatment of chronic COVID‐19 with convalescent/postvaccination plasma in patients with hematologic malignancies DOI Creative Commons
Maike Janssen,

Albrecht Leo,

Cornelia Wolf

et al.

International Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 155(4), P. 618 - 626

Published: May 9, 2024

Immunocompromised patients are at high risk to fail clearance of SARS-CoV-2. Prolonged COVID-19 constitutes a health and management problem as cancer treatments often have be disrupted. As SARS-CoV-2 evolves, new variants concern emerged that evade available monoclonal antibodies. Moreover, antiviral therapy promotes escape mutations, particularly in immunocompromised patients. These frequently suffer from prolonged infection. No successful treatment has been established for persistent Here, we report on series 21 with COVID-19-most them hematologic malignancies-treated plasma obtained recently convalescent or vaccinated donors combination thereof. Repeated dosing SARS-CoV-2-antibody-containing could clear infection 16 out even if COVID-19-specific failed induce sustained viral improve clinical course Ten were major responders defined an increase delta(d)Ct > = 5 after the first administration and/or (C/VP). On average, PCR Ct values increased median value 22.55 (IQR 19.10-24.25) 29.57 27.55-34.63; p <.0001) response subgroup. Furthermore, when treated second time C/VP, 4 initial nonresponders showed Ct-values 23.13 17.75-28.05) 32.79 31.75-33.75; .013). Our results suggest C/VP feasible malignancies who did not respond treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Managing and treating COVID-19 in patients with hematological malignancies: a narrative review and expert insights DOI Creative Commons

Heng Joo Ng,

Maaz Kamal Alata,

Quang The Nguyen

et al.

Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: June 4, 2024

Abstract Patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs) are at a significantly higher risk of contracting COVID-19 and experiencing severe outcomes compared to individuals without HMs. This heightened is influenced by various factors, including the underlying malignancy, immunosuppressive treatments, patient-related factors. Notably, regimens commonly used for HM treatment can lead depletion B cells T cells, which associated increased COVID-19-related complications mortality in these patients. As pandemic transitions into an endemic state, it remains crucial acknowledge address ongoing In this review, we aim summarize current evidence enhance our understanding impact HMs on risks outcomes, identify particularly vulnerable individuals, emphasize need specialized clinical attention management. Furthermore, impaired immune response vaccination observed patients underscores importance implementing additional mitigation strategies. may include targeted prophylaxis antivirals monoclonal antibodies as indicated. To provide practical guidance considerations, present two illustrative cases highlight real-life challenges faced physicians caring HMs, emphasizing individualized management based disease severity, type, unique circumstances each patient.

Language: Английский

Citations

4