Advances in epigenetics link genetics to the environment and disease

Nature, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 571(7766), P. 489 - 499

Published: July 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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Critical period regulation across multiple timescales

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(38), P. 23242 - 23251

Published: June 5, 2020

Brain plasticity is dynamically regulated across the life span, peaking during windows of early life. Typically assessed in physiological range milliseconds (real time), these trajectories are also influenced on longer timescales developmental time (nurture) and evolutionary (nature), which shape neural architectures that support plasticity. Properly sequenced critical periods circuit refinement build up complex cognitive functions, such as language, from more primary modalities. Here, we consider recent progress biological basis a unifying rubric for understanding multiple timescales. Notably, maturation parvalbumin-positive (PV) inhibitory neurons pivotal. These fast-spiking cells generate gamma oscillations associated with period plasticity, sensitive to circadian gene manipulation, emerge at different rates brain regions, acquire perineuronal nets age, may be by epigenetic factors over generations. features provide further novel insight into impact adversity neurodevelopmental risk mental disorders.

Language: Английский

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Molecular mechanisms of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 325 - 341

Published: Jan. 4, 2022

Language: Английский

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Sperm RNA code programmes the metabolic health of offspring

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 489 - 498

Published: June 24, 2019

Language: Английский

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An Integrative Framework for Understanding the Mechanisms and Multigenerational Consequences of Transgenerational Plasticity

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 50(1), P. 97 - 118

Published: July 24, 2019

Transgenerational plasticity (TGP) occurs when the environment experienced by a parent influences development of their offspring. In this article, we develop framework for understanding mechanisms and multi-generational consequences TGP. First, conceptualize TGP in context communication between parents (senders) offspring (receivers) dissecting steps an environmental cue received its resulting effects on phenotype one or more future generations. Breaking down problem way highlights diversity likely to be involved process. Second, review literature multigenerational find that documented patterns across generations are diverse. We categorize different explore proximate ultimate can generate them. Throughout, highlight opportunities work dynamic integrative area study.

Language: Английский

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Cannabis and synaptic reprogramming of the developing brain

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(7), P. 423 - 438

Published: May 21, 2021

Language: Английский

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Emerging evidence that the mammalian sperm epigenome serves as a template for embryo development

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 14, 2023

Abstract Although more studies are demonstrating that a father’s environment can influence child health and disease, the molecular mechanisms underlying non-genetic inheritance remain unclear. It was previously thought sperm exclusively contributed its genome to egg. More recently, association have shown various environmental exposures including poor diet, toxicants, stress, perturbed epigenetic marks in at important reproductive developmental loci were associated with offspring phenotypes. The cellular routes underlie how transmitted fertilization, resist reprogramming embryo, drive phenotypic changes only now beginning be unraveled. Here, we provide an overview of state field intergenerational paternal mammals present new insights into relationship between embryo development three pillars inheritance: chromatin, DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs. We evaluate compelling evidence sperm-mediated transmission retention embryo. Using landmark examples, discuss sperm-inherited regions may escape impact via implicate transcription factors, chromatin organization, transposable elements. Finally, link paternally functional pre- post-implantation Understanding factors will permit greater understanding related origins disease.

Language: Английский

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How do lifestyle and environmental factors influence the sperm epigenome? Effects on sperm fertilising ability, embryo development, and offspring health

Clinical Epigenetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Recent studies support the influence of paternal lifestyle and diet before conception on health offspring via epigenetic inheritance through sperm DNA methylation, histone modification, small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) expression regulation. Smoking may induce hypermethylation in genes related to anti-oxidation insulin resistance. Paternal obesity are associated with greater risks metabolic dysfunction alterations sperm. Metabolic changes, such as high blood glucose levels increased body weight, commonly observed fathers subjected chronic stress, addition an enhanced risk depressive-like behaviour sensitivity stress both F0 F1 generations. methylation is correlated quality ability fertilise oocytes, possibly a differentially regulated MAKP81IP3 signalling pathway. exposure toxic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) also linked transgenerational transmission predisposition disease, infertility, testicular disorders, obesity, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) females changes during gametogenesis. As success assisted reproductive technology (ART) affected by diet, BMI, alcohol consumption, its outcomes could be improved modifying factors that dependent male choices environmental factors. This review discusses importance signatures sperm—including retention, sncRNA—for functionality, early embryo development, health. We discuss mechanisms which (obesity, smoking, EDCs, stress) impact epigenome.

Language: Английский

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Maternal overnutrition programs hedonic and metabolic phenotypes across generations through sperm tsRNAs

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 116(21), P. 10547 - 10556

Published: May 6, 2019

Significance Obesity is a major public health issue worldwide. Easy accessibility of junk food considered contributor to the current obesity epidemic. Thus, impact maternal overnutrition in determining disease susceptibility offspring has received wide attention. It also been shown that effects are not limited immediate but can be transmitted successive generations. Among different epigenetic marks, sperm small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) have recently reported as direct mediator acquired traits progeny following postnatal trauma or paternal diet. Here, we investigate whether sncRNAs contributes transmission metabolic and hedonic phenotypes across generations overnutrition.

Language: Английский

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Paternal Contributions to Offspring Health: Role of Sperm Small RNAs in Intergenerational Transmission of Epigenetic Information

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Oct. 9, 2019

The most fundamental process for the perpetuation of a species is transfer information from parent to offspring. Although genomic DNA contributes majority inheritance, it now clear that epigenetic —information beyond underlying sequence— also passed on future generations. However, mechanism and extent such inheritance are not well understood. Here, I review some concepts, evidence, mechanisms intergenerational via sperm small RNAs. Recent studies provide evidence mature highly abundant in non-coding These RNAs modulated by paternal environmental conditions potentially delivered zygote at fertilization, where they can regulate early embryonic development. Intriguingly, RNA payload undergoes dramatic changes during testicular post-testicular maturation, making epigenome unique distinct germ cells. explore remodeling maturation epididymis, potential role this reprogramming inheritance.

Language: Английский

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