Lipid Metabolism Modulation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Spotlight on Extracellular Vesicles and Therapeutic Prospects

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 640 - 640

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have a significant impact on the pathophysiological processes associated with various diseases such as tumors, inflammation, and infection. They exhibit molecular, biochemical, entry control characteristics similar to viral infections. Viruses, other hand, depend host metabolic machineries fulfill their biosynthetic requirements. Due potential advantages biocompatibility, biodegradation, efficient immune activation, EVs emerged therapeutic targets against SARS-CoV-2 Studies COVID-19 patients shown that they frequently dysregulated lipid profiles, which are an increased risk of severe repercussions. Lipid droplets (LDs) serve organelles roles in metabolism energy homeostasis well having wide range functions The down-modulation lipids, sphingolipid ceramide eicosanoids, or transcriptional factors involved lipogenesis seem inhibit multiplication, suggesting involvement virus replication pathogenesis highlighting for drug development. Hence, this review focuses role modulation mechanism system evasion during infection explores application delivering substances mitigate

Language: Английский

---

Metabolic regulation of type I interferon production

Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 323(1), P. 276 - 287

Published: March 11, 2024

Summary Over the past decade, there has been a surge in discoveries of how metabolic pathways regulate immune cell function health and disease, establishing field immunometabolism. Specifically, such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, those involving lipid metabolism have implicated regulating function. Viral infections cause immunometabolic changes which lead to antiviral immunity, but little is known about interferon responses. Interferons are critical cytokines host defense, rapidly induced upon pathogen recognition, also involved autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes change impacts production. We describe (specifically eicosanoids cholesterol), TCA cycle‐linked intermediates itaconate fumarate impact type I interferons. Targeting these presents new therapeutic possibilities modulate interferons during defense or disorders.

Language: Английский

---

Targeting SARS-CoV-2 entry processes: The promising potential and future of host-targeted small-molecule inhibitors

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 263, P. 115923 - 115923

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Exploring the plant lipidome: techniques, challenges, and prospects

Advanced Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: March 11, 2024

Plant lipids are a diverse group of biomolecules that play essential roles in plant architecture, physiology, and signaling. To advance our understanding biology facilitate innovations plant-based product development, we must have precise methods for the comprehensive analysis lipids. Here, present overview current research investigating lipids, including their structures, metabolism, functions. We explore major lipid classes, i.e. fatty acids, glyceroglycolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, phytosterols, discuss subcellular distributions. Furthermore, emphasize significance lipidomics techniques, particularly chromatography-mass spectrometry, accurate analysis. Special attention is given to as crucial signal receptors signaling molecules influence growth responses environmental challenges. address challenges lipidomics, such identifying quantifying separating isomers, avoiding batch effects ion suppression. Finally, delve into practical applications its integration with other omics methodologies, visualization, innovative analytical approaches. This review thus provides valuable insights field potential contributions biology.

Language: Английский

---

Recent advances in nutritional metabolism studies on SARS-CoV-2 infection

Infectious Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 100162 - 100162

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

In the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), metabolic research has become crucial for in-depth exploration viral infection mechanisms and in searching therapeutic strategies. This paper summarizes interrelationships between carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid metabolism COVID-19 infection, discussing their roles progression. SARS-CoV-2 leads to insulin resistance increased glycolysis, reducing glucose utilization shifting use fat as an energy source. Fat is replication, imbalances may interfere with immune regulation. Consequently, changes such hyperglycemia, hypolipidemia, deficiency certain acids following can contribute progression toward conditions. These pathways not only have potential value prediction diagnosis but also provide new perspectives development By monitoring changes, severity be predicted early, modulating these help reduce inflammatory responses, improve risk thrombosis. Research on relationship provides important scientific basis addressing global challenge posed COVID-19, however, further studies are needed validate findings more effective strategies control.

Language: Английский

---

Nanomechanical Characterization of Soft Nanomaterial Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Materials Today Bio, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101506 - 101506

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Comparative metabolomic analysis reveals shared and unique features of COVID-19 cytokine storm and surgical sepsis

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

The clinical manifestations of the cytokine storm (CS) associated with COVID-19 resemble acute phase sepsis. Metabolomics may contribute to understanding specific pathobiology these two syndromes. aim this study was compare serum metabolomic profiles in CS vs. septic surgery patients. In a retrospective cross-sectional study, samples from patients COVID-19, and without comorbidity, as well surgical sepsis were investigated. Targeted analysis performed on all using LC–MS/MS. Analysis revealed that similar alterations metabolome amino acid metabolism, nitrogen inflammatory status, methionine cycle glycolysis. most significant difference found for levels metabolites kynurenine synthesis, tricarboxylic cycle, gamma-aminobutyric niacinamide. metabolic pathway cysteine metabolism significantly disturbed For first time, similarities differences between investigated Northwest Russian Federation.

Language: Английский

---

Longitudinal multi-omics analysis of convalescent individuals with respiratory sequelae 6–36 months after COVID-19

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: March 5, 2025

Approximately 10-30% of individuals continue to experience symptoms classified as post-acute sequelae coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 (PASC)). PASC is a multisystem condition primarily characterized by respiratory symptoms, such reduced diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco). Although many studies have investigated the pathogenesis acute COVID-19, long-term molecular changes in COVID-19 convalescents with remain poorly understood. We prospectively recruited 70 who had been diagnosed from 7 January 2020 29 May (i.e., convalescents); we performed follow-up visits at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years after hospital discharge. Thirty-five healthy controls (CONs), physical examination center before pandemic, served comparison group. explored proteomic metabolomic profiles 174 plasma samples 35 CONs. comprehensive analysis investigate host up Our multi-omics revealed activation cytoskeletal organization glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, well suppression gas transport adaptive immune responses, convalescents. Additionally, metabolites involved glutathione metabolism; alanine, aspartate, glutamate ascorbate aldarate metabolism were significantly upregulated Pulmonary abnormalities persisted convalescents; impaired (DLco) was most prominent feature. used this profile develop model involving one protein (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (HNRNPK)) two (arachidonoyl-EA 1-O-(2r-hydroxy-pentadecyl)-sn-glycerol)) identification abnormal DLco. These data provide insights concerning among discharge, clarify mechanisms driving sequelae, support development novel predict This longitudinal may illuminate trajectory altered lung function

Language: Английский

---

Comparative Interactome Profiling of Nonstructural Protein 3 Across SARS-CoV-2 Variants Emerged During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 447 - 447

Published: March 20, 2025

SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants remain a global health threat, due to their capacity for rapid evolution. Variants throughout the COVID-19 pandemic exhibited variations in virulence, impacting vaccine protection disease severity. Investigating nonstructural protein is critical understanding viral evolution manipulation of host interactions. We focus on 3 (nsp3), with multiple domains different activities, including polyprotein cleavage, deubiquitylation, de-ISGylation, double-membrane vesicle formation. Using affinity purification–mass spectrometry (AP-MS), we identify differential interactions nsp3 caused by mutations found identified between 2019 2024: Alpha 20I, Beta 20H, Delta 21I, 21J, Gamma 20J, Kappa 21B, Lambda 21G, Omicron 21K, 21L. A small set amino acid substitutions N-terminal region (nsp3.1) could be traced increased RNA-binding proteins, which are vital replication. Meanwhile, central (nsp3.2) were share quality control machinery, ER-associated degradation. In this construct, shared trends interactor enrichment observed 21K 21I. These results underscore how minor reshape interactions, emphasizing evolutionary arms race virus. provide roadmap track interaction changes driven variant

Language: Английский

---

Efficacy of combined folic acid, cyanocobalamin, and pyridoxine hydrochloride therapy in the comprehensive management of pneumonia associated with COVID-19

Bulletin physiology and pathology of respiration, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 95, P. 40 - 57

Published: March 19, 2025

Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and effect on serum homocysteine levels of combined folic acid, cyanocobalamin, pyridoxine hydrochloride therapy in comprehensive treatment pneumonia hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Materials methods. An open-label, prospective, comparative study included 75 moderate to severe associated COVID-19 confirmed by detection SARS-CoV-2 RNA respiratory tract. The main group consisted 28 who received micronutrient 30 mg/day acid plus cyanocobalamin addition standard treatment. comparison comprised 47 did not receive additional therapy. Charlson Comorbidity Index was 1.14 ± 0.93 0.47 0.69 (p ≤ 0.001). Disease severity before after assessed using NEWS, qSOFA, 4C Mortality, WHO Ordinal scales. Chest computed tomography (CT) performed. Laboratory parameters complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), homocysteine, triglycerides, low- high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL, HDL). Results. In group, elimination period achieved 7.2 3.4 days versus 15.6 6.3 < After therapy, disease decreased according qSOFA Mortality showed a reduction total volume from 32.0 (19.8–73.0)% 26.5 (11.8–50.8)% = 0.035) parenchymal consolidation 9.0 (0.0–37.3)% 2.0 (0.0–17.0)% 0.027). there no decrease lung involvement, area increased. These CT findings were reductions CRP, LDL levels. Multiple linear regression models demonstrated that administration combination shortened tract (regression coefficient β –8.648 1.781; p 0.001) contributed (β –13.492 4.834; 0.011), also linked baseline LDH 0.0235 0.00857; 0.008) patient age 0.167 0.0608; 0.008). Conclusion. use management COVID-19-associated is shorter upper tract, more pronounced severity, extent consolidation. effects coincide lower

Language: Английский

---