Journal of Inflammation Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 17, P. 11375 - 11402
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
Systemic
lupus
erythematosus
is
a
heterogeneous
autoimmune
disease.
A
burst
of
reactions
in
various
systems
can
lead
to
severe
clinical
conditions
closely
associated
with
mortality.
T
cells
serve
as
mediators
that
drive
the
occurrence
and
maintenance
inflammatory
processes.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: April 4, 2024
Abstract
NEDD8
(Neural
precursor
cell
expressed
developmentally
downregulated
protein
8)
is
an
ubiquitin-like
that
covalently
attached
to
a
lysine
residue
of
substrate
through
process
known
as
neddylation,
catalyzed
by
the
enzyme
cascade,
namely
activating
(E1),
conjugating
(E2),
and
ligase
(E3).
The
substrates
neddylation
are
categorized
into
cullins
non-cullin
proteins.
Neddylation
activates
CRLs
(cullin
RING
ligases),
largest
family
E3
ligases,
whereas
alters
their
stability
activity,
well
subcellular
localization.
Significantly,
pathway
and/or
many
abnormally
activated
or
over-expressed
in
various
human
diseases,
such
metabolic
disorders,
liver
dysfunction,
neurodegenerative
cancers,
among
others.
Thus,
targeting
becomes
attractive
strategy
for
treatment
these
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
first
provide
general
introduction
on
its
biochemical
regulation,
crystal
structures
enzymes
complex
with
cullin
substrates;
then
discuss
how
governs
key
biological
processes
via
modification
substrates.
We
further
review
literature
data
dysregulated
several
particularly
cancer,
followed
outline
current
efforts
discovery
small
molecule
inhibitors
promising
therapeutic
approach.
Finally,
few
perspectives
were
proposed
extensive
future
investigations.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: March 17, 2025
Abstract
Systemic
lupus
erythematosus
(SLE)
is
a
chronic
inflammatory
illness
with
heterogeneous
clinical
manifestations
covering
multiple
organs.
Diversified
types
of
medications
have
been
shown
effective
for
alleviating
SLE
syndromes,
ranging
from
cytokines,
antibodies,
hormones,
molecular
inhibitors
or
antagonists,
to
cell
transfusion.
Drugs
developed
treating
other
diseases
may
benefit
patients,
and
agents
established
as
therapeutics
be
SLE-inductive.
Complexities
regarding
render
it
essential
urgent
identify
the
mechanisms-of-action
pivotal
signaling
axis
driving
pathogenesis,
establish
innovative
SLE-targeting
approaches
desirable
therapeutic
outcome
safety.
After
introducing
research
history
its
epidemiology,
we
categorized
primary
determinants
pathogenesis
by
their
mechanisms;
combed
through
current
knowledge
on
diagnosis
grouped
them
disease
onset,
activity
comorbidity;
introduced
genetic,
epigenetic,
hormonal
environmental
factors
predisposing
SLE;
comprehensively
preventive
strategies
available
according
functioning
mechanisms.
In
summary,
proposed
three
mechanisms
determinant
roles
initiation
progression,
i.e.,
attenuating
immune
system,
restoring
cytokine
microenvironment
homeostasis,
rescuing
impaired
debris
clearance
machinery;
provided
updated
insights
understandings
diagnosis,
prevention
therapeutics,
which
open
an
avenue
in
fields
management.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
122(15)
Published: April 10, 2025
The
Atg8-family
proteins,
including
LC3B
(microtubule-associated
protein
1
light
chain
3
beta),
are
pivotal
for
key
steps
in
the
autophagy
process.
Proper
regulation
of
homeostasis
is
essential
its
function.
Although
modulated
by
various
posttranslational
modifications
(PTMs),
impact
these
on
remains
unclear.
Neddylation,
a
recently
identified
ubiquitin-like
modification,
plays
diverse
biological
roles.
Here,
we
identify
as
specific
target
neddylation.
This
modification
weakens
LC3B’s
interaction
with
ubiquitin
E3
ligases
VHL
and
BIRC6,
thereby
reducing
ubiquitination.
Depletion
ubiquitin-conjugating
enzyme
E2M
(UBE2M),
primary
E2
neddylation
pathway,
destabilizes
suppresses
activity.
Heterozygous
Ube2m
knockout
(
+/−
)
mice
exhibit
pronounced
aging-like
phenotypes,
reduced
expression
impaired
skin
tissues.
Our
findings
demonstrate
that
vital
maintaining
stability
regulating
flux,
offering
potential
therapeutic
avenue
to
mitigate
aging-related
processes.