Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 15, 2025
Language: Английский
Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 72 - 72
Published: Jan. 9, 2025
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, which leading cause morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients. A central pathophysiological mechanism linking T2DM to complications oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production body’s antioxidant defenses. Hyperglycemia in promotes stress through various pathways, including formation advanced glycation end products, activation protein kinase C, mitochondrial dysfunction, polyol pathway. These processes enhance ROS generation, endothelial vascular inflammation, exacerbation damage. Additionally, disrupts nitric oxide signaling, impairing vasodilation promoting vasoconstriction, contributes complications. This review explores molecular mechanisms by pathogenesis disease T2DM. It also examines potential lifestyle modifications, such dietary changes physical activity, reducing mitigating risks this high-risk population. Understanding these critical for developing targeted therapeutic strategies improve outcomes
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
Atherosclerotic dyslipidemia is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although previous studies have demonstrated association between the atherogenic index plasma (AIP) and insulin resistance, there remains a scarcity large cohort investigating AIP long-term T2D in general population. This study aims to investigate potential individuals normal fasting glucose levels. retrospective included 15,453 participants. The was calculated using formula log [triglyceride (mmol/L)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)]. Cox proportional hazard regression models were employed assess risk. nonlinear examined restricted cubic spline (RCS) model. During average follow-up period 6.05 years, 373 participants developed T2D. After adjusting for confounding factors, elevated independently developing (HR 1.763, 95%CI 1.210–2.568, P = 0.003). RCS analysis revealed J-shaped risk, sharp increase when levels exceeded − 0.268. Moreover, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic consistently moderate predictability new-onset within 1 12 years. exhibits Therefore, maintaining below certain threshold (-0.268) might help prevent onset
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Journal of Global Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
This study aims to develop specific multimorbidity relationships among the elderly and explore association of multidimensional factors with these relationships, thereby facilitating formulation personalised strategies for management. Cluster analysis identified chronic conditions that tend cluster together, then rule mining was used investigate within clusters more closely. Stepwise logistic regression conducted relationship between influencing different health statuses in older adults. The results this were presented by network graph visualisation. A total 15 045 individuals included study. average age 73.0 ± 6.8 years. number patients 7426 (49.4%). most common binary disease combination hypertension depression. four major tumour-digestive cluster, metabolic-circulatory metal-psychological age-related degenerative cluster. sex region revealed similar numbers types each some variations. Gender medications had a consistent effect across all clusters, while aging, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), cognitive impairment, plant-based foods, animal-based highly processed foods marital status varying effects clusters. Multimorbidity is prevalent population. impact lifestyle varies multimorbidity, there need implement according rather than an integrated approach
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)
Published: March 10, 2025
Abstract Background The triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) is a marker of insulin resistance linked to the incidence major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in diverse populations. However, its long-term prognostic role type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains underexplored. This study evaluated predictive value TyG for all-cause mortality and MACE T2D over period more than 15 years. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on cohort 568 patients with (median age: 67 years, IQR 61–72 years; 54% males; median disease duration: 14 7–21 HbA1c: 7.3%, 6.6–8.0%) 376 presumably healthy controls (CTR, 65 60–71 years) followed 16.8 (IQR, 13.1–16.8) Routine biomarkers were measured serum samples using commercially available methods. One-way ANOVA/ANCOVA, logistic regression, Spearman’s correlations used compare among groups assess biochemical variables. association between follow-up endpoints investigated by Kaplan–Meier curves Cox proportional hazards analysis. Results Patients exhibited higher Index values compared CTR, significant markers obesity, metabolism, inflammation, liver function. preexisting diabetic kidney (DKD) or atherosclerotic vascular had baseline index. Sex-specific differences observed CTR but not patients. (HR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.07–1.79) associated onset complications MACE, DKD, neuropathy independent other conventional predictors. Age modified Index-mortality association, strongest effect individuals aged 57–74. Conclusion valuable risk T2D, supporting use clinical stratification.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
SA pharmaceutical journal., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 92(1), P. 30 - 34
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 291 - 291
Published: March 13, 2025
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease prevalent in the world, accompanied by variety of diseases, endangering human health and safety. Bile acids (BAs) play an important role regulation host glucose lipid metabolism homeostasis, are strictly regulated gut microbiota. However, relationship between key BAs, BAs transporters signaling, as well microbiota, T2D remains elusive. In this study, 9-week-old db/db mice were used model (db/db group, n = 10), their wild-type (wt) littermates same age healthy control (CON 10). After 8 weeks feeding, BA profiles microbial composition colon, gene expression level regulatory factors analyzed CON groups to explore underlying mechanisms T2D. Compared with mice, body weight, blood levels significantly increased. The concentrations total primary conjugated non-12α–hydroxylated (non-12–OH BAs) decreased, while Deoxycholic acid (DCA) secondary was increased group. wt synthesis liver transformed from alternative pathway classical pathway, hepatic (NTCP, BSEP, MRP2, OATP–1 OSTβ) receptors (FXR TGR5) down-regulated mice. mRNA FXR up-regulated, TGR5 down-regulated. diabetic (db/db) presented changed microbiota composition, including abundance BAs-producing bacteria, Escherichia–Shigella, decreased Akkermansia, which involved non-12–OH BAs. We further found that reduced types negatively correlated metabolic-disorder-related indicators, DCA had opposite correlation. Our results shed light into how imbalance BAs’ mediated intestinal flora may be potential
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)
Published: March 14, 2025
Emerging evidence reveals a complex association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary heart disease (CHD), which share common risk factors biological pathways. This study aims to identify the shared proteomic signatures of T2D CHD, as well whether proteins predict incident CHD in patients, develop predictive models. Utilizing data from 53,014 UK Biobank participants 2923 plasma proteins, we identified 488 associated with T2D, 125 were also CHD. Among determine nine showing causal associations including PCSK9, NRP1, CD27. Mediation analyses suggest that mediate By integrating these into our model, achieved desirable prediction (AUC = 0.819) for future onset patients. Additionally, druggability evaluation show 32 potential therapeutic agents, established antihypertensives novel compounds, suggesting avenues dual-targeted treatment strategies. Collectively, findings unveil both providing implications screening predicting
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 112164 - 112164
Published: April 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 311 - 311
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Objective: This study aims to identify whether the development of insulin resistance (IR) induced by high selenium (Se) is related serine deficiency via inhibition de novo synthesis pathway (SSP) administrations 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) inhibitor (NCT503) or exogenous in mice. Method: forty-eight male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups: adequate-Se (0.1 mgSe/kg), high-Se (0.8 +serine (240 mg/kg/day), and +NCT503 (30 mg/kg, twice a week) for 5 months. The glucose tolerance test (GTT) (ITT) used confirm IR with intake, fasting blood levels measured monthly. Se contents plasma tissues detected ICP-MS. (INS), homocysteine (HCY), tested ELISA. Western blot analyses conducted evaluate protein expressions glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), selenoprotein P (SELENOP) PHGDH, PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, folate cycle (SHMT1, MTHFR), methionine (MS). Results: An model was developed from group elevated INS levels, impaired tolerance, reduced sensitivity, but not both group. Compared groups, GPX1 SELENOP significantly decreased liver, muscle, pancreas tissues. expression PHGDH higher than that liver (p < 0.05) 0.001). Also, expected effectively inhibited p-AKT (Ser-473) lower pancreas. Conclusions: intake body has been confirmed be partially due deficiency, which led initiation SSP produce endogenous serine. supplementations inhibitors this metabolic could intervention.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 507 - 507
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
Background: Despite a large number of published studies, the effect vitamin D3 supplementation on mortality in hospitalized patients, as well recommended dose and duration therapy, is unclear. In our retrospective study, we aimed to investigate impact D deficiency moderately high-dose disease outcomes patients with COVID-19 infection. Methods: We analyzed data from 148 COVID-19-infected two different departments, Internal Medicine Oncology, at Semmelweis University. The severity treatment used were same except one where received circa 90,000 IU D3. compared in-hospital rates between groups. subgroup analysis, evaluated efficacy safety by assessing 25(OH)D 1,25(OH)2D concentrations days 0, 4, 8. Results: As result supplementation, was resolved 4 deficient none or exceeded normal range. Mortality significantly lower decreased 67% group receiving regardless baseline concentrations. Conclusions: supplemental dosage, 3 × 30,000 D3, effective safe may reduce
Language: Английский
Citations
0