Long‐term nitrogen addition modifies microbial composition and functions for slow carbon cycling and increased sequestration in tropical forest soil

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 3267 - 3281

Published: July 5, 2019

Abstract Nitrogen (N) deposition is a component of global change that has considerable impact on belowground carbon (C) dynamics. Plant growth stimulation and alterations fungal community composition functions are the main mechanisms driving soil C gains following N in N‐limited temperate forests. In N‐rich tropical forests, however, generally minor effects plant growth; consequently, storage may strongly depend microbial processes drive litter organic matter decomposition. Here, we investigated how old‐growth forest responded to 13 years addition at four rates: 0 (Control), 50 (Low‐N), 100 (Medium‐N), 150 (High‐N) kg ha −1 year . Soil (SOC) content increased under High‐N, corresponding 33% decrease CO 2 efflux, reductions relative abundances bacteria as well genes responsible for cellulose chitin degradation. A 113% increase O emission was positively correlated with acidification an denitrification ( narG norB ). induced by decreased available P concentrations, associated abundance phytase. The key functional gene groups degradation were related slower SOC decomposition, indicating accumulation subjected High‐N addition. However, changes cycling led coincidentally large increases emissions, exacerbated deficiency. These two factors partially offset perceived beneficial soils. findings suggest potential incorporate into Earth system models considering their greenhouse gas emission, biogeochemical processes, biodiversity ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Long‐term, amplified responses of soil organic carbon to nitrogen addition worldwide

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 27(6), P. 1170 - 1180

Published: Dec. 18, 2020

Abstract Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the largest sink in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a critical role mitigating climate change. Increasing reactive nitrogen (N) caused by anthropogenic N input substantially affects SOC dynamics. However, uncertainties remain concerning effects of addition on both mineral soil layers over time at global scale. Here, we analysed large empirical data set spanning 60 years across 369 sites worldwide to explore temporal dynamics addition. We found that significantly increased globe 4.2% (2.7%–5.8%). increases were amplified from short‐ long‐term durations layers. The positive independent ecosystem types, mean annual temperature precipitation. Our findings suggest largely resulted enhanced plant C soils coupled with reduced loss decomposition amplification was associated microbial biomass respiration under study suggests will enhance sequestration contribute future change mitigation.

Language: Английский

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Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N₂O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 2613 - 2629

Published: Dec. 21, 2019

The effects of nitrogen (N) deposition on soil organic carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in terrestrial ecosystems are the main drivers affecting GHG budgets under global climate change. Although many studies have been conducted this topic, we still little understanding how N affects C pools at scale. We synthesized a comprehensive dataset 275 sites from multiple around world quantified responses pool fluxes induced by enrichment. results showed that concentration CO2 , CH4 N2 O increased an average 3.7%, 0.3%, 24.3% 91.3% enrichment, respectively, uptake decreased 6.0%. Furthermore, percentage increase (91.3%) was two times lower than (215%) reported Liu Greaver (Ecology Letters, 2009, 12:1103-1117). There also greater stimulation (15.70 kg ha-1 year-1 per ) previously globally. croplands were largest sources (calculated as equivalents), followed wetlands. However, forests grasslands important sinks. Globally, sink 6.34 Pg /year. It net 10.20 -Geq (CO2 equivalents)/year. Therefore, not only size but emissions, calculated warming potential approach.

Language: Английский

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Effects of nitrogen enrichment on soil microbial characteristics: From biomass to enzyme activities

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 366, P. 114256 - 114256

Published: Feb. 17, 2020

Language: Английский

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Fungal community structure and function shifts with atmospheric nitrogen deposition

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 27(7), P. 1349 - 1364

Published: Nov. 7, 2020

Abstract Fungal decomposition of soil organic matter depends on nitrogen (N) availability. This ecosystem process is being jeopardized by changes in N inputs that have resulted from a tripling atmospheric deposition the last century. Soil fungi are impacted due to higher availability, as soils acidified, or micronutrients become increasingly limiting. communities persist with chronic may be enriched traits enable them tolerate environmental stress, which trade‐off enabling decomposition. We hypothesized fungal would respond shifting community composition and functional gene abundances toward those stress but weak decomposers. sampled at seven eastern US hardwood forests where ambient varied 3.2 12.6 kg ha −1 year , five also experimental plots was simulated through fertilizer application treatments (25–50 ). responses across gradient. biomass richness increased sites low decreased high deposition. genes involved hydrolysis while oxidation decreased. One four generalized abiotic tolerance In summary, we found divergent response depended levels. biomass, richness, oxidative enzyme potential were reduced suggesting pushed beyond an threshold. structure function enrichment regional scale.

Language: Английский

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Stoichiometric imbalance and microbial community regulate microbial elements use efficiencies under nitrogen addition

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 108207 - 108207

Published: March 6, 2021

Language: Английский

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Nitrogen increases soil organic carbon accrual and alters its functionality

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(7), P. 1971 - 1983

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Abstract Nitrogen (N) availability has been considered as a critical factor for the cycling and storage of soil organic carbon (SOC), but effects N enrichment on SOC pool appear highly variable. Given complex nature pool, recent frameworks suggest that separating this into different functional components, example, particulate (POC) mineral‐associated (MAOC), is great importance understanding predicting dynamics. Importantly, little known about how these N‐induced changes in components (e.g., ratios among fractions) would affect functionality given differences nutrient density, resistance to disturbance, turnover time between POC MAOC pool. Here, we conducted global meta‐analysis 803 paired observations from 98 published studies assess effect addition fractions. We found addition, average, significantly increased pools by 16.4% 3.7%, respectively. In contrast, both were remarkably decreased (4.1% 10.1%, respectively). Increases positively correlated with aboveground plant biomass hydrolytic enzymes. However, positive responses increases microbial biomass. Our results although reactive deposition could facilitate C sequestration some extent, it might decrease time, disturbance study provides mechanistic insights its at scale, which pivotal dynamics especially future scenarios more frequent severe perturbations.

Language: Английский

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Effects of microplastics and nitrogen deposition on soil multifunctionality, particularly C and N cycling

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 451, P. 131152 - 131152

Published: March 5, 2023

Language: Английский

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Global effects on soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity depend on nitrogen addition rate

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 174, P. 108814 - 108814

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms and implications of bacterial–fungal competition for soil resources

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Elucidating complex interactions between bacteria and fungi that determine microbial community structure, composition, functions in soil, as well regulate carbon (C) nutrient fluxes, is crucial to understand biogeochemical cycles. Among the various interactions, competition for resources main factor determining adaptation niche differentiation these two big groups soil. This because C energy limitations growth are a rule rather than an exception. Here, we review demands of fungi—the major kingdoms soil—the mechanisms their other resources, leading differentiation, global change impacts on this competition. The normalized utilization preference showed 1.4–5 times more efficient uptake simple organic compounds substrates, whereas 1.1–4.1 effective utilizing compounds. Accordingly, strongly outcompete while take advantage Bacteria also compete with products released during degradation substrates. Based specifics, differentiated spatial, temporal, chemical niches will increase under five changes including elevated CO2, N deposition, soil acidification, warming, drought. Elevated warming bacterial dominance, acidification drought fungal competitiveness.

Language: Английский

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