On the merits and potential of advanced neuroimaging techniques in COVID-19: A scoping review

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42, P. 103589 - 103589

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Many Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are suffering from long-term neuropsychological sequelae. These may benefit a better understanding of the underlying neuropathophysiological mechanisms and identification potential biomarkers treatment targets. Structural clinical neuroimaging techniques have limited ability to visualize subtle cerebral abnormalities investigate brain function. This scoping review assesses merits advanced in COVID-19 using literature including or postmortem analyses adult published start pandemic until December 2023. Findings were summarized according distinct categories reported revealed by different imaging techniques. Although no unified COVID-19-specific pattern could be subtracted, broad range (likely attributable hypoxic, vascular, inflammatory pathology), even absence structural findings. validated examinations. emphasizes added value compared highlights implications for functioning consequences COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Insular-striatal activation during COVID-19 predicts stress reactivity in high-trait anxiety

Biological Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108998 - 108998

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic, unlike natural disasters that cause short-term stress, has led to prolonged psychological strain, increasing attentional biases toward health threats and worsening mental health. Prolonged exposure pandemic-related stressors exacerbated these issues, with individual differences, such as anxiety levels, influencing vulnerability resulting in varied outcomes. Understanding how neurocognitive processes modulate biases, attention (overresponding) or avoidance, is crucial for explaining their effects on during the pandemic. Real-world examination of needed confirm manifestation better target interventions. This longitudinal study explored neural network anxious individuals, focusing whether initial activation at baseline (T1) could predict changes perceived stress. High low trait (HTA, LTA) adults completed an emotional Stroop task two fMRI visits, one year apart. Results showed insular-fronto-striatal hypoactivation HTA group over time, indicating increased avoidance participants. Initial insular-striatal T1 predicted stress group. Reduced regions suggests impaired coping, highlighting individuals pandemic underscoring importance interventions enhance resilience.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin regulation of phase separation in Neuro-PASC: out-maneuvering Janus-faced amyloids

Exploration of neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: March 24, 2025

The SAR-CoV-2 virus has evolved to co-exist with human hosts, albeit at a substantial energetic cost resulting in post-infection neurological manifestations [Neuro-post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC)] that significantly impact public health and economic productivity on global scale. One the main molecular mechanisms responsible for development Neuro-PASC, individuals all ages, is formation inadequate proteolysis/clearance phase-separated amyloid crystalline aggregates—a hallmark feature aging-related neurodegenerative disorders. Amyloidogenesis during viral persistence natural, inevitable, protective defense response exacerbated by SARS-CoV-2. Acting as chemical catalyst, accelerates hydrophobic collapse heterogeneous nucleation amorphous amyloids into stable β-sheet aggregates. clearance aggregates most effective slow wave sleep, when high levels adenosine triphosphate (ATP)—a biphasic modulator biomolecular condensates—and melatonin are available solubilize removal. dysregulation mitochondrial dynamics SARS-CoV-2, particular fusion fission homeostasis, impairs proper distinct subpopulations can remedy challenges created diversion substrates away from oxidative phosphorylation towards glycolysis support replication maintenance. subsequent reduction ATP inhibition synthesis sleep results incomplete brain aggregates, leading commonly associated age-related Exogenous not only prevents dysfunction but also elevates production, effectively augmenting solubilizing effect moiety ensure timely, optimal disaggregation pathogenic prevention attenuation Neuro-PASC.

Language: Английский

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Functional connectivity of default mode network in non-hospitalized patients with post-COVID cognitive complaints

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: April 10, 2025

Neurologic impairment is common in patients with acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. While severe COVID have a higher prevalence of neurologic symptoms, as many one five mild may also be affected, exhibiting impaired memory well other cognitive dysfunctions. To characterize the effect on brain, current study recruited group adults post-COVID complaints but mild, non-hospitalized cases. They were then evaluated through formal neuropsychological testing and underwent functional MRI brain. The participants our performed nearly expected for cognitively intact individuals. Additionally, we characterized connectivity default mode network (DMN), which known functions including attention involved normal aging degenerative diseases. Along retention DMN, results found DMN to associated neurocognitive performance region-of-interest whole-brain analyses. between key nodes was positively correlated scores (r = 0.51, p 0.02), performers connectivity. Our findings provide neuroimaging evidence brain networks among individuals experiencing deficits beyond recovery COVID. These imaging outcomes indicate trends furthering understanding guidance recovering from

Language: Английский

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Persistent neurocognitive deficits in long COVID: Evidence of structural changes and network abnormalities following mild infection

Cortex, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 98 - 110

Published: May 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Short-Term Restriction of Physical and Social Activities Effects on Brain Structure and Connectivity

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 7 - 7

Published: Dec. 25, 2024

Prolonged confinement in enclosed environments has raised concerns about its effects on both physical and mental health. Although increased rates of depression or anxiety during COVID-19 lockdowns have been reported, the short-term restrictions social activities brain function structure remain poorly known. This study explored longitudinal changes gray matter volume (GMV) functional connectivity (FC) immediately after four months following a lockdown comparison to pre-lockdown conditions. MRI data were collected from 20 participants before lockdown, 29 (14 original, 15 new) two post-lockdown, 27 out post-lifting lockdown. Results showed significant GMV reductions right gyrus rectus cuneus with further observed lifting restrictions, affecting additional regions. Longitudinal FC trajectories revealed decreased between default mode network (DMN) sensorimotor/attention networks recovery The plasticity indicates substantial potential long-term effect structural changes. Our findings offer insights into isolation human brain, potentially informing rehabilitation mechanisms interventions for individuals similar

Language: Английский

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