Mechanisms for resistance to BCMA-targeted immunotherapies in multiple myeloma

Blood Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101256 - 101256

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Invasive Fungal Disease After Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Immunotherapy in Adult and Pediatric Patients

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 170 - 170

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) have been documented among the causes of post-chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy complications, with incidence IFDs in CAR-T therapy recipients being measured between 0% and 10%, globally. are notorious for their potentially life-threatening nature challenging diagnosis treatment. In this review, we searched recent literature aiming to examine risk factors epidemiology post-CAR-T infusion. Moreover, role antifungal prophylaxis is investigated. especially vulnerable due several that contribute patient’s immunosuppression. Those include underlying hematological malignancies, lymphodepleting chemotherapy administered before treatment, existing leukopenia hypogammaglobinemia, use high-dose corticosteroids interleukin-6 blockers as countermeasures immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome cytokine release syndrome, respectively. mostly occur within first 60 days following infusion T cells, but cases even a year after described. Aspergillus spp., Candida Pneumocystis jirovecii main cause these infections therapy. More real-world data regarding population essential.

Language: Английский

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A longitudinal single-cell atlas to predict outcome and toxicity after BCMA-directed CAR T cell therapy in multiple myeloma

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 18, 2025

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) have transformed the treatment landscape for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). In this study, we present a real world cohort of 61 RRMM patients treated with idecabtagene vicleucel (Ide-cel, n=34) and ciltacabtagene autoleucel (Cilta-cel, n=27). Cilta-cel demonstrated superior complete response (CR) rates (CR: 78% vs. 38%, p < 0.001) longer progression-free survival (PFS), distinct CAR-T expansion profile marked by increased CD4+CAR+/CD8+CAR+ ratio. To gain insights into immune dynamics encompassing cell infusion either product, developed longitudinal multi-omics single-cell atlas using 135 peripheral blood samples from 57 patients. There was strong association between CD4+ cytotoxic T cells Cilta-cel, CR CRS occurrence. Analysis receptor repertoires showed higher clonality in CD4 at all time points. CD8 non-CR transcriptomic changes line impaired effector function after infusion. The BCMA expressing circulating plasma cells, B-cells plasmacytoid dendritic were depleted response-dependent manner, leading to significantly slower recovery (p=0.03). Increased soluble reduction day 0 30 linked stronger CRP levels, suggesting an tumor debulking systemic inflammation (p 0.01, respectively). Our analyses provide comprehensive resource understanding cellular kinetics BCMA-directed cells.

Language: Английский

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Application and prospect analysis of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 7, 2025

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), accounting for 90% of primary liver cancers, is a high-mortality malignancy and the third leading cause cancer-related deaths globally, with major risk factors like hepatitis B/C, aflatoxin exposure, obesity. Most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, 5-year survival rate below 10%. Therefore, HCC treatment research still face significant challenges, more effective treatments need to be further explored. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web Science Embase from time repository construction March 1, 2025, preliminary included studies involving animal experiments on therapeutic effects Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T cell) therapy HCC. After exclusion evaluation literature, random/fixed model was employed perform meta-analysis obtain Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) 95% confidence interval (CI) tumor volume mass. then verify robustness results through subgroup analysis sensitivity analysis. Use Q-test evaluate heterogeneity quantify it based I² value. total 16 studies. Multiple independent sets data were extracted these studies, which 25 used volume-based mass-based meta-analysis. Regarding volume, The combined mean CAR-T group/control group resulted in an WMD -515.77 (95% CI: -634.78 -396.76; =90.8%). Meanwhile, mass, -0.30 -0.38 -0.22; = 94.4%). bias validated reliability conclusions. Based dual-index meta-analysis, have been proved possess effect However, funnel plot mass Egger's regression suggest potential presence publication bias. Thus, warrants alone or as adjuvant treatment.

Language: Английский

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Theranostics in Hematological Malignancies: Cutting-Edge Advances in Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1247 - 1247

Published: April 7, 2025

Hematologic malignancies, including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, continue to challenge clinicians with complex treatment regimens that often involve significant side effects limited success, especially in advanced stages. Recent advancements nuclear medicine have introduced theranostic strategies merge diagnostic imaging targeted therapeutic approaches, offering the potential for more precise personalized treatment. A key area of progress lies development alpha-emitting radiopharmaceuticals, such as 225Ac, 211At, or 212Pb, which can deliver potent radiation directly tumor cells, sparing healthy tissue minimizing collateral damage. In parallel these advancements, molecular using radiolabeled agents enables better disease monitoring, assessment efficacy, management patients hematologic malignancies. The integration radiotherapy allows a tailored approach, where be adjusted based on real-time information about progression response. This review examines recent strides made both radiopharmaceuticals their applications imaging, focus improve precision, reduce toxicity, optimize patient outcomes. synergy between therapy represents transformative shift As technologies evolve, they are poised redefine paradigms, new hope potentially improving survival rates effective less toxic options.

Language: Английский

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The Interaction between the Bone Marrow Microenvironment and Immunotherapy in Multiple Myeloma: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Prospects

Advances in Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(04), P. 1122 - 1130

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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