Autophagy Reports,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
1(1), P. 79 - 82
Published: March 31, 2022
In
the
final
critical
step
for
autophagic
degradation,
lysosomes
fuse
with
autophagosomes
to
form
autolysosomes.
Although
recent
research
has
suggested
that
soluble
N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive
factor
attachment
protein
receptor
(SNARE)
proteins
are
important
lysosome-autophagosome
fusion,
neither
architecture
of
prefusion
state
nor
regulatory
mechanisms
have
been
identified.
our
study,
using
structured
illumination
microscopy,
we
observed
formed
clusters
around
individual
autophagosomes,
thereby
setting
stage
membrane
fusion.
Moreover,
VAMP8
(vesicle-associated
8)
assists
in
forming
these
clusters.
We
also
found
phosphorylation
reduces
spontaneous
whereas
its
dephosphorylation
promotes
fusion
events
between
and
both
normal
autophagy-induced
conditions.
Our
data
thus
suggest
a
key
role
regulation
Molecular Biomedicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
3(1)
Published: Sept. 21, 2022
Abstract
Intracellular
vesicle
trafficking
is
the
fundamental
process
to
maintain
homeostasis
of
membrane-enclosed
organelles
in
eukaryotic
cells.
These
transport
cargo
from
donor
membrane
target
through
containing
vesicles.
Vesicle
pathway
includes
formation
membrane,
transport,
and
fusion
with
membrane.
Coat
protein
mediated
a
delicate
budding
for
molecules
selection
package
into
carriers.
dynamic
specific
vesicles
translocation
This
requires
group
conserved
proteins
such
as
Rab
GTPases,
motor
adaptors,
ensure
along
cytoskeletal
track.
Soluble
N-ethyl-maleimide-sensitive
factor
(NSF)
attachment
receptors
(SNARE)-mediated
final
unloading
at
To
occurring
defined
position
time
pattern
cell,
multiple
fusogenic
proteins,
synaptotagmin
(Syt),
complexin
(Cpx),
Munc13,
Munc18
other
tethering
factors,
cooperate
together
precisely
regulate
fusion.
Dysfunctions
SNARE-mediated
are
closely
related
many
diseases.
Recent
studies
have
suggested
that
stimulated
can
be
manipulated
pharmacologically
via
disruption
interface
between
SNARE
complex
Ca
2+
sensor
protein.
Here,
we
summarize
recent
insights
molecular
mechanisms
trafficking,
implications
development
new
therapeutics
based
on
manipulation
Exploration,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
2(3)
Published: March 22, 2022
Abstract
Lysosomes
are
multifunctional
organelles
involved
in
macromolecule
degradation,
nutrient
sensing,
and
autophagy.
Live
imaging
has
revealed
lysosome
subpopulations
with
dynamics
characteristic
cellular
localization.
An
as‐yet
unanswered
question
is
whether
lysosomes
spatially
organized
to
coordinate
integrate
their
functions.
Combined
super‐resolution
microscopy,
we
designed
a
small
organic
fluorescent
probe—TPAE—that
targeted
large
Stokes
shift.
When
analyzed
the
spatial
organization
of
against
mitochondria
different
cell
lines
this
probe,
discovered
distance
distribution
patterns
between
during
increased
autophagy
flux.
By
using
SLC25A46
mutation
fibroblasts
derived
from
patients
containing
highly
fused
low
oxidative
phosphorylation,
concluded
that
unhealthy
redistributed
subcellular
localization
lysosomes,
which
implies
strong
connection
lysosomes.
ACS Sensors,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(5), P. 2068 - 2078
Published: May 4, 2023
Endolysosome
dynamics
plays
an
important
role
in
autophagosome
biogenesis.
Hence,
imaging
the
subcellular
of
endolysosomes
using
high-resolution
fluorescent
techniques
would
deepen
our
understanding
autophagy
and
benefit
development
pharmaceuticals
against
endosome-related
diseases.
Taking
advantage
intramolecular
charge-transfer
mechanism,
herein
we
report
a
cationic
quinolinium-based
probe
(PyQPMe)
that
exhibits
excellent
pH-sensitive
fluorescence
at
different
stages
interest.
A
systematic
photophysical
computational
study
on
PyQPMe
was
carried
out
to
rationalize
its
highly
pH-dependent
absorption
emission
spectra.
The
large
Stokes
shift
strong
intensity
can
effectively
reduce
background
noise
caused
by
excitation
light
microenvironments
provide
high
signal-to-noise
ratio
for
endolysosomes.
By
applying
as
small
molecular
live
cells,
were
able
reveal
constant
conversion
rate
from
early
endosomes
late
endosomes/lysosomes
during
submicron
level.
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(8)
Published: Jan. 15, 2022
As
a
process
of
cellular
uptake,
endocytosis,
with
gradient
acidity
in
different
endocytic
vesicles,
is
vital
for
the
homeostasis
intracellular
nutrients
and
other
functions.
To
study
dynamics
pathway,
membrane-anchored
pH
probe,
ECGreen,
synthesized
to
visualize
vesicles
under
structured
illumination
microscopy
(SIM),
super-resolution
technology.
Being
sensitive
increasing
fluorescence
at
low
pH,
ECGreen
can
differentiate
early
late
endosomes
as
well
endolysosomes.
Meanwhile,
membrane
anchoring
not
only
improves
durability
but
also
provides
an
excellent
anti-photobleaching
property
long-time
imaging
SIM.
Moreover,
by
taking
these
advantages
multidimensional
analysis
model
containing
spatial,
temporal,
information
successfully
developed
elucidating
their
interactions
mitochondria
during
autophagy,
reveals
fast
conversion
near
plasma
membrane.
Analytical Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
96(35), P. 14160 - 14167
Published: Aug. 22, 2024
Aggrephagy
describes
lysosomal
transport
and
degradation
of
protein
aggregates
via
cellular
macroautophagy,
a
key
mechanism
to
prevent
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Here,
we
develop
dual-probe
method
visualize
the
aggrephagy
process
resolve
its
viscosity
heterogeneity
using
fluorescence
lifetime
imaging
(FLIM).
The
system
consists
(1)
near-infrared
targeting
FLIM
probe
(Lyso-P1)
that
is
derived
from
rhodamine
scaffold
with
tailored
p
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: July 19, 2022
Modern
cellular
biology
faces
several
major
obstacles,
such
as
the
determination
of
concentration
active
sites
corresponding
to
chemical
substances.
In
recent
years,
popular
small-molecule
fluorescent
probes
have
completely
changed
understanding
through
their
high
sensitivity
toward
specific
substances
in
various
organisms.
Mitochondria
and
lysosomes
are
significant
organelles
organisms,
interaction
is
closely
related
development
diseases.
The
investigation
structure
function
has
gathered
tremendous
attention
from
biologists.
advanced
nanoscopic
technologies
replaced
diffraction-limited
conventional
imaging
techniques
been
developed
explore
unknown
aspects
mitochondria
with
a
sub-diffraction
resolution.
Recent
progress
this
field
yielded
excellent
mitochondria-
lysosome-targeted
probes,
some
which
demonstrated
biological
applications.
Herein,
we
review
studies
that
carried
out
date
suggest
future
research
directions
will
harness
considerable
potential
probes.
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Dec. 23, 2022
Vesicle-associated
membrane
protein
2
(VAMP2,
also
known
as
synaptobrevin-2),
encoded
by
VAMP2
in
humans,
is
a
key
component
of
the
soluble
N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive
factor
attachment
receptor
(SNARE)
complex.
combined
with
syntaxin-1A
(SYX-1A)
and
synaptosome-associated
25
(SNAP-25)
produces
force
that
induces
formation
fusion
pores,
thereby
mediating
synaptic
vesicles
release
neurotransmitters.
largely
unstructured
absence
interaction
partners.
Upon
other
SNAREs,
structure
stabilizes,
resulting
four
structural
domains.
In
this
review,
we
highlight
current
knowledge
roles
domains
between
various
fusion-related
proteins
presynaptic
cytoplasm
during
process.
Our
summary
will
contribute
to
better
understanding
fusion.
