Warming-driven erosion and sediment transport in cold regions

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(12), P. 832 - 851

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Circum-Arctic Map of the Yedoma Permafrost Domain

Frontiers in Earth Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Oct. 28, 2021

Ice-rich permafrost in the circum-Arctic and sub-Arctic (hereafter pan-Arctic), such as late Pleistocene Yedoma, are especially prone to degradation due climate change or human activity. When Yedoma deposits thaw, large amounts of frozen organic matter biogeochemically relevant elements return into current biogeochemical cycles. This mobilization has local global implications: increased thaw thermokarst thermal erosion settings enhances greenhouse gas fluxes from regions. In addition, this ice-rich ground is special concern for infrastructure stability terrain surface settles along with thawing. Finally, understanding distribution domain area provides a window past allows reconstruction Ice Age environmental conditions mammoth-steppe landscapes. Therefore, detailed assessment pan-Arctic coverage importance estimate its potential contribution permafrost-climate feedbacks, assess vulnerabilities, understand dynamics. Building on previous mapping efforts, objective paper compile first digital map spatial database coverage. we 1) synthesized, analyzed, digitized geological stratigraphical maps allowing identification occurrence at all available scales, 2) compiled field data expert knowledge creating confidence classes. We used GIS-techniques vectorize harmonize site information based knowledge. included range attributes areas lithological stratigraphic source assigned three different levels presence (confirmed, likely, uncertain). Using buffer 20 km around mapped occurrences, derived an extent domain. Our result vector-based that covers approximately 2,587,000 2 , whereas found within 480,000 region. 35% total today located tundra zone, 65% taiga zone. With mapping, outlined substantial created unique dataset including estimates.

Language: Английский

---

Remote sensing annual dynamics of rapid permafrost thaw disturbances with LandTrendr

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 268, P. 112752 - 112752

Published: Oct. 29, 2021

Permafrost is warming globally which leads to widespread permafrost thaw. Particularly ice-rich vulnerable rapid thaw and erosion, impacting whole landscapes ecosystems. Retrogressive slumps (RTS) are abrupt disturbances that expand by several meters each year lead an increased soil organic carbon release. Local Remote Sensing studies identified increasing RTS activity in the last two decades number of or heightened growth rates. However, a large-scale assessment across diverse regions at high temporal resolution allowing further determine dynamics its main drivers still lacking. In this study we apply disturbance detection algorithm LandTrendr for automated mapping dynamic North Siberia (8.1 × 106km2). We adapted parametrised segmentation incorporate Landsat+Sentinel-2 mosaics, conducted spectral filtering, spatial masking binary machine-learning object classification output separate between false positives (F1 score: 0.609). Ground truth data calibration validation workflow was collected from 9 known cluster sites using very high-resolution RapidEye PlanetScope imagery. Our presents first their 2001–2019. 50,895 steady increase RTS-affected area 2001 2019 Siberia, with more 2016 onward. Overall 331% compared 2000 (2000: 20,158 ha, 2001–2019: 66,699 ha). Contrary this, 5 focus show spatio-temporal variability annual dynamics, alternating periods decreased development, indicating close relationship drivers. The majority active onward only small proportion initiated during period, mainly caused enlarging existing not new RTS. detected suggests advancing underlines importance assessing large-scales. Obtaining such consistent products will help parametrise regional global climate change models.

Language: Английский

---

Contrasting characteristics, changes, and linkages of permafrost between the Arctic and the Third Pole

Earth-Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 230, P. 104042 - 104042

Published: May 6, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Lake and drained lake basin systems in lowland permafrost regions

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 85 - 98

Published: Jan. 11, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Permafrost Degradation and Its Hydrogeological Impacts

Water, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 372 - 372

Published: Jan. 26, 2022

Under a warming climate, permafrost degradation has resulted in profound hydrogeological consequences. Here, we mainly review 240 recent relevant papers. Permafrost boosted groundwater storage and discharge to surface runoffs through improving hydraulic connectivity reactivation of flow systems, resulting reduced summer peaks, delayed autumn flattened annual hydrographs, deepening elongating paths. As result degradation, lowlands underlain by more continuous, colder, thicker are getting wetter uplands mountain slopes, drier. However, additional contribution melting ground ice stream-flows seems limited most basins. the table supra-permafrost water lowering; subaerial taliks forming; connecting expanding; thermokarst activities intensifying. These processes may profoundly impact on ecosystem structures functions, terrestrial processes, subsurface coupled engineered infrastructures, socioeconomic development. During last 20 years, substantial rapid progress been made many aspects cryo-hydrogeology. these studies still inadequate desired spatiotemporal resolutions, multi-source data assimilation integration, as well cryo-hydrogeological modeling, particularly over rugged terrains ice-rich, warm (>−1 °C) zones. Future research should be prioritized following aspects. First, better understand concordant changes mechanisms, trends for hydrometeorology, geocryology, hydrogeology, ecohydrology thin regions. Second, aim towards revealing physical chemical mechanisms heat transfer moisture migration vadose zone expanding taliks, coupling hydrothermal dynamics supra-, intra- sub-permafrost waters, that water-resource hydrochemical biogeochemical movements solutes pollutants waters induced thawing permafrost. Third, urgently need establish improve predictive distributed cryo-hydrogeology models with optimized parameterization. In addition, also emphasize automatically, intelligently, systematically monitoring, predicting, evaluating, adapting impacts from degrading at scales. Systematic, in-depth, abilities can greatly advance cryo-hydrogeology, cryo-ecohydrology help manage water, ecosystems, land resources regions an adaptive sustainable manner.

Language: Английский

---

Polar Regions

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 2319 - 2368

Published: June 22, 2023

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to content, full PDF via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Language: Английский

---

Thawing permafrost poses environmental threat to thousands of sites with legacy industrial contamination

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 28, 2023

Industrial contaminants accumulated in Arctic permafrost regions have been largely neglected existing climate impact analyses. Here we identify about 4500 industrial sites where potentially hazardous substances are actively handled or stored the permafrost-dominated of Arctic. Furthermore, estimate that between 13,000 and 20,000 contaminated related to these sites. Ongoing warming will increase risk contamination mobilization toxic since 1100 3500 5200 located stable start thaw before end this century. This poses a serious environmental threat, which is exacerbated by change near future. To avoid future hazards, reliable long-term planning strategies for needed take into account impacts cimate change.

Language: Английский

---

Local sources versus long-range transport of organic contaminants in the Arctic: future developments related to climate change

Environmental Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Climate change leads to releases of persistent organic pollutants and chemicals emerging concern as glaciers melt permafrost thaws. Increased human activity in the Arctic may enhance local emissions potentially problematic chemicals.

Language: Английский

---

Assessment of the cost of climate change impacts on critical infrastructure in the circumpolar Arctic

Polar Geography, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 42(4), P. 267 - 286

Published: Oct. 2, 2019

The Arctic is experiencing pronounced climatic and environmental changes. These changes pose a risk to infrastructure, impacting the accessibility development of remote locations adding additional pressures on local regional budgets. This study estimates costs fixed infrastructure affected by climate change impacts in region, specifically permafrost thaw. Geotechnical models are forced data from six CMIP5 used evaluate geotechnical characteristics between decades 2050–2059 2006–2015 under RCP8.5 scenario. Country-specific estimate value affected. results show 27% increase lifecycle replacement across circumpolar regions. In addition, more than 14% total assets at damages due specific stressors, such as loss bearing capacity thaw subsidence ground ice melt. Regions Northern Canada Western Siberia projected be particularly may require annual spending excess 1% GRP support existing into future.

Language: Английский

---