The Atlantic Forest of South America: Spatiotemporal dynamics of the vegetation and implications for conservation

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291, P. 110499 - 110499

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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LiDAR GEDI derived tree canopy height heterogeneity reveals patterns of biodiversity in forest ecosystems

Ecological Informatics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 76, P. 102082 - 102082

Published: March 30, 2023

The "Height Variation Hypothesis" is an indirect approach used to estimate forest biodiversity through remote sensing data, stating that greater tree height heterogeneity (HH) measured by CHM LiDAR data indicates higher structure complexity and species diversity. This has traditionally been analyzed using only airborne which limits its application the availability of dedicated flight campaigns. In this study we relationship between diversity HH, calculated with four different indices two freely available CHMs derived from new space-borne GEDI data. first, a spatial resolution 30 m, was produced regression machine learning algorithm integrating Landsat optical information. second, 10 created Sentinel-2 images deep convolutional neural network. We tested separately in plots situated northern Italian Alps, 100 forested area Traunstein (Germany) successively all 130 cross-validation analysis. Forest density information also included as influencing factor multiple Our results show can be assess patterns ecosystems estimation HH correlated However, indicate method influenced factors including dataset choice their related resolution, calculate density. finding suggest LIDAR valuable tool ecosystems, aid global estimation.

Language: Английский

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Soil microbial diversity plays an important role in resisting and restoring degraded ecosystems

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 500(1-2), P. 325 - 349

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive conservation assessments reveal high extinction risks across Atlantic Forest trees

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 383(6679), P. 219 - 225

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Biodiversity is declining globally, yet many biodiversity hotspots still lack comprehensive species conservation assessments. Using multiple International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria to evaluate extinction risks and millions herbarium forest inventory records, we present automated assessments all tree the Atlantic Forest hotspot, including ~1100 heretofore unassessed species. About 65% 82% endemic are classified as threatened. We rediscovered five Extinct on IUCN identified 13 endemics possibly extinct. Uncertainties in information had little influence assessments, but using fewer severely underestimated threat levels. suggest that status tropical forests worldwide worse than previously reported.

Language: Английский

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Glass based micro total analysis systems: Materials, fabrication methods, and applications

Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 339, P. 129859 - 129859

Published: March 27, 2021

Microfluidics has become recognized as a powerful platform technology with wide range of applications in various fields, such biology, biomedicine, chemistry and environment. To achieve higher performance, microfluidic devices are required to have superior optical transparency; mechanical, chemical thermal stability; well easy design fabrication. All these requirements make glass an attractive ideal material for the fabrication due its excellent characteristics optical, thermal, electrical aspects comparison other materials (e.g., silicon polydimethylsiloxane). In order give preliminary guidance researchers from different backgrounds, we provide comprehensive overview methods glass-based based on types glass. This review takes into account recent advances microfluidics, as, liquid ultra-thin glass, so full understanding latest research trend this area. Finally, some remaining challenges facing field summarized, potential prospects future work emphasis both emerging techniques discussed.

Language: Английский

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Biotechnology for carbon capture and fixation: Critical review and future directions

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 293, P. 112830 - 112830

Published: May 26, 2021

Language: Английский

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Internet of things and deep learning enabled healthcare disease diagnosis using biomedical electrocardiogram signals

Expert Systems, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 40(4)

Published: Nov. 8, 2021

Abstract With recent advancements in the internet of things (IoT), wearables, and sensing technologies, quality healthcare services gets improved it caused a shift from conventional clinical‐based to real‐time monitoring. The sensors are commonly integrated into several medical gadgets save bio‐signals produced by physiological activities human body. At same time, biomedical electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is employed as familiar way examine diagnose cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which rapid non‐invasive. Since increasing number patients degrades classification performance due high differences ECG patterns among patients, computer‐assisted automated diagnostic tools essential for classification. this motivation, paper introduces new IoT deep learning (DL) enabled disease diagnosis (IoTDL‐HDD) model using signals. proposed IoTDL‐HDD aims detect presence CVDs use DL models In addition, utilizes BiLSTM feature extraction technique extract useful vectors For improving efficiency technique, artificial flora optimization (AFO) algorithm hyperparameter optimizer. Besides, fuzzy neural network (FDNN) classifier assigning proper class labels examined on signals outcomes inspected distinct features. resultant experimental pointed out supremacy with maximum accuracy 93.452%.

Language: Английский

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The rise and fall of Neotropical biodiversity

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 199(1), P. 8 - 24

Published: Sept. 15, 2021

Abstract The exceptional levels of biodiversity found today in the American tropics are outcome tens millions years evolution, shaped by tumultuous geological history region, its heterogeneous habitats, climate change, ecological interactions and, recent millennia, human influence. Although our understanding diversity patterns and their underlying processes grows steadily breadth depth, Neotropical is rapidly breaking down. Here, I contrast long-term evolution with rapid deterioration due to anthropogenic factors. consider impacts early arrival humans region modern intensification land-use change (primarily driven agriculture) other drivers loss, such as direct exploitation, invasive species change. Together, these threats have led 33% all for which sufficient data available being currently threatened extinction. outline emerging opportunities conservation restoration under post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework call urgent action from community, benefit people nature.

Language: Английский

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Human impacts as the main driver of tropical forest carbon

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(24)

Published: June 17, 2022

Understanding the mechanisms controlling forest carbon storage is crucial to support “nature-based” solutions for climate change mitigation. We used a dataset of 892 Atlantic Forest inventories assess direct and indirect effects environmental conditions, human impacts, tree community proprieties, sampling methods on above-ground stocks. showed that widely accepted drivers stocks, such as climate, soil, topography, fragmentation, have much smaller role than disturbance history functional proprieties Forest. Specifically, within-forest level was most important driver, with effect at least 30% higher any conditions individually. Thus, our findings suggest conservation tropical stocks may be dependable on, principally, avoiding degradation policies focusing only fail protect biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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The Present and Future of Insect Biodiversity Conservation in the Neotropics: Policy Gaps and Recommendations

Neotropical Entomology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 52(3), P. 407 - 421

Published: March 14, 2023

Abstract Emerging evidence suggests that insect populations may be declining at local and global scales, threatening the sustainability of ecosystem services insects provide. Insect declines are particular concern in Neotropics, which holds several world’s hotspots endemism diversity. Conservation policies one way to prevent mitigate declines, yet these usually biased toward vertebrate species. Here, we outline some key policy instruments for biodiversity conservation Neotropics discuss their potential contribution shortcomings conservation. These include species-specific action policies, protected areas Indigenous Community Conserved Areas (ICCAs), sectoral offsetting, market-based mechanisms, international underpin efforts. We highlight although can potentially benefit indirectly, there avenues could better incorporate specific needs into mentioned above. propose improvement. Firstly, evaluating extinction risk more Neotropical target at-risk species with conserve habitats within area-based interventions. Secondly, alternative pest control methods enhanced monitoring a range land-based production sectors. Thirdly, incorporating measurable achievable targets conventions. Finally, emphasise important roles community engagement public awareness achieving improvements policies.

Language: Английский

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