Global genetic diversity status and trends: towards a suite of Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) for genetic composition

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 97(4), P. 1511 - 1538

Published: April 12, 2022

Biodiversity underlies ecosystem resilience, function, sustainable economies, and human well-being. Understanding how biodiversity sustains ecosystems under anthropogenic stressors global environmental change will require new ways of deriving applying data. A major challenge is that data knowledge are scattered, biased, collected with numerous methods, stored in inconsistent ways. The Group on Earth Observations Observation Network (GEO BON) has developed the Essential Variables (EBVs) as fundamental metrics to help aggregate, harmonize, interpret observation from diverse sources. Mapping analyzing EBVs can evaluate aspects distributed geographically they over time. also intended serve inputs validation forecast status trends biodiversity, support policy decision making. Here, we assess feasibility implementing Genetic Composition (Genetic EBVs), which within-species genetic variation. We review bring together areas field genetics each contributes regional monitoring respect theory, sampling logistics, metadata, archiving, aggregation, modeling, technological advances. propose four EBVs: (i) Diversity; (ii) Differentiation; (iii) Inbreeding; (iv) Effective Population Size (Ne ). rank according their relevance, sensitivity change, generalizability, scalability, availability. outline workflow for generating underlying EBVs, advances needs archiving composition metadata. discuss be operationalized by visualizing space time across species forecasting beyond current observations using various modeling approaches. Our then explores challenges standardization, costs operationalizing well future directions opportunities maximize uptake globally research policy. collection, annotation, availability made past decade, practical standardized framework large-scale reporting. Rapid DNA sequencing technology present opportunities, but regionally globally. With these advances, starting integrated into conservation policy, foundation all species' long-term persistence face change. conclude a summary concrete steps researchers makers advancing operationalization EBVs. technical analytical foundations developed, practitioners should anticipate increasing application efforts emerge scale up

Language: Английский

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Opportunities and challenges of macrogenetic studies

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. 791 - 807

Published: Aug. 18, 2021

Language: Английский

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Neutral and adaptive genetic diversity in plants: An overview

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

Genetic diversity is a prerequisite for evolutionary change in all kinds of organisms. It generally acknowledged that populations lacking genetic variation are unable to evolve response new environmental conditions (e.g., climate change) and thus may face an increased risk extinction. Although the importance incorporating into design conservation measures now well understood, less attention has been paid distinction between neutral (NGV) adaptive (AGV) variation. In this review, we first focus on utility NGV by examining ways quantify it, reviewing applications infer ecological processes, exploring its designing plant species. Against background, then summarize identify estimate AGV discuss potential use conservation. After comparing considering their pros cons context, conclude there urgent need better understanding role adaptation. To date, however, only few studies non-model species aimed at deciphering genomic basis complex trait Therefore, researchers practitioners should keep utilizing develop relevant strategies rare endangered until more estimates available.

Language: Английский

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Incorporating Genetic Diversity to Optimize the Plant Conservation Network in the Third Pole

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

Climate change poses a significant threat to the survival of many species. Although protected areas can slow down biodiversity loss, they often lack systematic planning and do not integrate genetic diversity. Genetic diversity is key prerequisite for species ability tolerate new conditions. Using population distribution data from 96 plant in Third Pole (encompassing Tibetan Plateau adjacent mountains), we mapped patterns diversity, projected climate-driven range dynamics future erosion, designed an optimal conservation framework region. We identified several patches high haplotype (HD), with relatively number haplotypes southeastern Pole. Regression models revealed that climate topography have interacted shape latitude precipitation being best predictors HD cpDNA nrDNA, respectively. Ecological niche modeling predicted approximate 43 km northwestward 86 m upward shift suitable habitats under scenarios, likely leading loss up 13.19% 15.49% nrDNA Alarmingly, 71.20% newly priority fall outside existing planned National Park Clusters. Therefore, recommend expanding network by 2.02 × 105 km2 (5.91%) Pole, increasing total conserved area 1.36 106 (39.93%) effectively preserve evolutionary potential plants. This study represents innovative attempt incorporate into efforts.

Language: Английский

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When will a changing climate outpace adaptive evolution?

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(6)

Published: June 28, 2023

Abstract Decades of research have illuminated the underlying ingredients that determine scope evolutionary responses to climate change. The field biology therefore stands ready take what it has learned about influences upon rate adaptive evolution—such as population demography, generation time, and standing genetic variation—and apply assess if how populations can evolve fast enough “keep pace” with Here, our review highlights contribute still needs learn provide more mechanistic predictions winners losers We begin by developing broad for contemporary evolution change based on theory. then discuss methods assessing climate‐driven evolution, including quantitative studies, experimental space‐for‐time substitutions. After providing this mechanism‐focused overview both evidence specifically, evolving keep pace change, we next consider factors limit actual responses. In context, dual role phenotypic plasticity in facilitating but also impeding Finally, detail a deeper consideration constraints improve forecasts inform conservation management decisions. This article is categorized under: Climate, Ecology, Conservation > Observed Ecological Changes Extinction Risk Assessing Impacts Climate Change Evaluating Future

Language: Английский

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A global synthesis of the patterns of genetic diversity in endangered and invasive plants

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291, P. 110473 - 110473

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Bringing traits back into the equation: A roadmap to understand species redistribution

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Ecological and evolutionary theories have proposed that species traits should be important in mediating responses to contemporary climate change; yet, empirical evidence has so far provided mixed for the role of behavioral, life history, or ecological characteristics facilitating hindering range shifts. As such, utility trait‐based approaches predict redistribution under change been called into question. We develop perspective, supported by evidence, trait variation, if used carefully can high potential utility, but past analyses many cases failed identify an explanatory value not fully embracing complexity First, we discuss relevant theory linking shift processes at leading (expansion) trailing (contraction) edges distributions highlight need clarify mechanistic basis approaches. Second, provide a brief overview shift–trait studies new opportunities integration consider range‐specific intraspecific variability. Third, explore circumstances which environmental biotic context dependencies are likely affect our ability contribution processes. Finally, propose revealing shaping may require accounting methodological variation arising from estimation process as well addressing existing functional, geographical, phylogenetic biases. series considerations more effectively integrating extrinsic factors research. Together, these analytical promise stronger predictive understanding help society mitigate adapt effects on biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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The chromosome-scale genome of Magnolia sinica (Magnoliaceae) provides insights into the conservation of plant species with extremely small populations (PSESP)

GigaScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Magnolia sinica (Magnoliaceae) is a highly threatened tree endemic to southeast Yunnan, China. In this study, we generated for the first time high-quality chromosome-scale genome sequence from M. sinica, by combining Illumina and ONT data with Hi-C scaffolding methods. The final assembled size of was 1.84 Gb, contig N50 ca. 45 Mb scaffold 92 Mb. Identified repeats constituted approximately 57% genome, 43,473 protein-coding genes were predicted. Phylogenetic analysis shows that magnolias form sister clade eudicots order Ceratophyllales, while monocots are other core angiosperms. our total 21 individuals 5 remnant populations as well 22 specimens belonging 8 related Magnoliaceae species, resequenced. results showed had higher genetic diversity (θw = 0.01126 θπ 0.01158) than species in Magnoliaceae. However, population structure suggested differentiation among very low. Analyses demographic history using different models consistently revealed 2 bottleneck events occurred. contemporary effective estimated be 10.9. patterns loads (inbreeding numbers deleterious mutations) constructive strategies conservation these sinica. Overall, will valuable genomic resource

Language: Английский

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Genetic Diversity and Structure of a Critically Endangered Ornamental Species, Rhododendron farinosum, with Extremely Small Populations

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 51 - 51

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

A comprehensive study of the genetic characteristics endangered species is a prerequisite for their effective conservation and management. Rhododendron farinosum an ornamental with extremely small populations located in northeastern Yunnan Province. To unravel reasons behind endangerment this provide guidance rational species, obtained large number SNP loci by using double-digest restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq) to evaluate diversity structure R. farinosum, as well infer population history species. Our findings reveal that, at level, exhibited high (π = 0.1948 ± 0.0020, HE 0.1880 0.0020). The FST values (0.1383–0.2231) indicated differentiation among three populations. AMOVA revealed that 62.83% variation originated within 37.17% between PCA, Structure, UPGMA consistently depicted are clearly distinguished into clusters. Furthermore, size was inferred date back 95,000 years ago stairway plot, continuous decline from 3292 years. Based on these findings, we propose strategies management measures farinosum.

Language: Английский

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Genetic diversity and population structure of the endangered medicinal plant Ferula sinkiangensis

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e03437 - e03437

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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