Global patterns of vascular plant alpha diversity

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Global patterns of regional (gamma) plant diversity are relatively well known, but whether these hold for local communities, and the dependence on spatial grain, remain controversial. Using data 170,272 georeferenced assemblages, we created global maps alpha (local species richness) vascular plants at three different grains, forests non-forests. We show that is consistently high across grains in some regions (for example, Andean-Amazonian foothills), 'scaling anomalies' (deviations from positive correlation) exist elsewhere, particularly Eurasian temperate with disproportionally higher fine-grained richness many African tropical coarse-grained richness. The influence climatic, topographic biogeographical variables also varies grains. Our multi-grain return a nuanced understanding biodiversity complements classic hotspots will improve predictions change effects biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Higher productivity in forests with mixed mycorrhizal strategies

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 13, 2023

Abstract Decades of theory and empirical studies have demonstrated links between biodiversity ecosystem functioning, yet the putative processes that underlie these patterns remain elusive. This is especially true for forest ecosystems, where functional traits plant species are challenging to quantify. We analyzed 74,563 inventory plots span 35 ecoregions in contiguous USA found ~77% mixed mycorrhizal were more productive than either arbuscular or ectomycorrhizal fungal-associated tree dominant. Moreover, positive effects mixing strategies on productivity pronounced at low high richness. conclude richness different may allow partition nutrient uptake thus can increase community productivity, whereas other dimensions diversity enhance resource partitioning productivity. Our findings highlight importance strategies, addition taxonomic general, maintaining functioning forests.

Language: Английский

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Scale‐dependent diversity–biomass relationships can be driven by tree mycorrhizal association and soil fertility

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 93(2)

Published: Feb. 18, 2023

Abstract Diversity–biomass relationships (DBRs) often vary with spatial scale in terrestrial ecosystems, but the mechanisms driving these scale‐dependent patterns remain unclear, especially for highly heterogeneous forest ecosystems. This study explores how mutualistic associations between trees and different mycorrhizal fungi, i.e., arbuscular (AM) vs. ectomycorrhizal (EM) association, modulate DBRs. We hypothesized that soil‐heterogeneous forests a mixture of AM EM tree species, (i) species would respond contrasting ways (i.e., positively negatively, respectively) to increasing soil fertility, (ii) dominance contribute higher diversity greater standing biomass, as result (iii) exert an overall negative effect on DBRs across scales. To empirically test hypotheses, we collected detailed distribution information (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter, pH) from seven temperate subtropical AM–EM mixed megaplots (16–50 ha). Using codispersion null model structural equation modeling, identified among or dominance, diversity, biomass and, thus, 0.01‐ 1‐ha found first evidence supporting three aforementioned hypotheses forests: In most forests, communities changed EM‐dominated AM‐dominated; had positive even after controlling fertility number trees. Together, changes along gradients weakened DBR observed at 0.04‐ha scales nearly all drove 0.25‐ four out forests. Hence, this highlights soil‐related mechanism could partly explain why, many natural biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (BEF) shift scale.

Language: Английский

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Nitrogen fertilization reduces plant diversity by changing the diversity and stability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community in a temperate steppe

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 918, P. 170775 - 170775

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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The proportion of low abundance species is a key predictor of plant β‐diversity across the latitudinal gradient

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Abstract The diversity of life displays very strong patterns disparity across the Earth. Beta (β)‐diversity (species compositional differences among sites) woody plants, for instance, has usually been documented to decline with increasing latitude. Understanding these patterns, however, remains a grand challenge in ecology and evolution. We develop mathematical model explain β‐diversity multiple landscapes. effectively predicts simulated natural communities, regardless types species abundance distributions. Our provides novel insight that proportion lowest category ( P L ), which represents share relatively rare regional pool, is key predictor plant β‐diversity. By applying global forest inventories sampled from 40.7° S 60.7° N, we find explains nearly 85% variation along latitudinal gradient. Through series numerical simulations, further show predictive power on scale largely determined by intraspecific aggregation different communities. Synthesis : new sampling predict majority work tool analysing advances theoretical understanding large‐scale environmental gradients.

Language: Английский

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Tree species composition governs urban phenological responses to warming

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: April 18, 2025

Urban environments are typically warmer than surrounding rural areas, providing a unique setting for studying phenological responses to climate warming. Phenological differences between urban and trees driven by local species composition. Yet, the extent which composition influences urbanization remains poorly understood. To address this, we combine manipulative experiments, satellite-derived phenology data, georeferenced tree occurrence records. Our findings show that, across Northern Hemisphere cities, in temperature sensitivity of spring areas largely urban-rural variation composition, surpassing effects preseason temperature. This pattern is particularly pronounced Asian where exhibit 0.74 ± 0.24 days/°C higher areas. In-depth analyses using experiments high-resolution satellite imagery from Beijing further demonstrate species-specific urbanization, with urban-dominant exhibiting compared ones. These that both interspecific contribute impact on patterns. study underscores importance considering when warming, especially contexts.

Language: Английский

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Tree biomass allocation differs by mycorrhizal association

Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 103(6)

Published: March 24, 2022

Tree biomass allocation to leaves, roots, and wood affects the residence time of carbon in forests, with potentially dramatic implications for ecosystem storage. However, drivers tree remain poorly quantified. Using a combination global data sets, we tested relative importance climate, leaf habit, mycorrhizal associations on allocation. We show that trees associate arbuscular (AM) fungi allocate roughly 4% more their root tissue than ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. Further, effect association was greater climate similar magnitude habit (evergreen vs. deciduous). These patterns whole-plant are likely due differences investment toward versus fungal tissues, where AM favor production while ECM production. results suggest considering could improve our understanding storage terrestrial biosphere models: specifically, within-tree AM-associated species may contribute stable soil pools forests dominated by

Language: Английский

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Temperature thresholds drive the biogeographic pattern of root endophytic fungal diversity in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 889, P. 164270 - 164270

Published: May 19, 2023

Studying the diversity and distribution of host-associated fungi along temperature gradient can help us detect potential impact global warming on host-microbe interactions. By investigating 55 samples gradient, our results demonstrated that thresholds controlled biogeographic pattern fungal in root endosphere. When mean annual crossed ∼1.40 °C, or coldest quarter was over ∼-8.26 endophytic OTU richness abruptly decreased. Shared between endosphere rhizosphere soil showed similar thresholds. However, had a nonsignificant positive linear relationship with temperature. The asynchrony alpha response to increasing indicated might regulate microbial colonization process from rhizoplane interior tissue. crosses threshold, rapid decrease entry tissue may lead richness. We further found more sensitive increases under drought than non-drought conditions. also influencing beta diversity. difference two sampling points an ∼2.2 °C species replacement sharply decreased, increased. This investigation highlights are very important shaping variation fungi, especially alpine ecosystems. Furthermore, it provides preliminary framework for studying interactions warming.

Language: Английский

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Water flow promotes nutrient release and microbial community assembly during Hydrilla verticillata decomposition

Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 429, P. 139464 - 139464

Published: Oct. 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Forest tree community ecology and plant–soil feedback: Theory and evidence

Ecological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(3), P. 257 - 272

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Abstract Mounting evidence suggests that reciprocal interactions between plants and the soil microbiota can be a primary force generates key macroscopic patterns of plant communities (coexistence, dominance, succession) in forest ecosystems. The aim this article is to review empirical theoretical perspectives plant–soil feedback research context community ecology. I first use simple model get insights into an array dynamics generated by feedback: negative maintains species diversity reduces growth, while positive drives growth certain hence their dominance. then describe how ecologists have unveiled enormously complex plant‐microbiota interaction (i.e., conditioning experiment) linkage with three patterns: (i) (ii) spatial structure (iii) succession. highlight one belowground trait (mycorrhizal type) mediate these linkages: arbuscular mycorrhizal tend exhibit ectomycorrhizal feedback. Although potentially explains tree from local global scales, many questions remain. Future studies should expand theory incorporate numerous other mechanisms test types net effects could propagate shape large‐scale structures dynamics.

Language: Английский

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