Tribochemistry, Mechanical Alloying, Mechanochemistry: What is in a Name?

Frontiers in Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: May 26, 2021

Over the decades, application of mechanical force to influence chemical reactions has been called by various names: mechanochemistry, tribochemistry, alloying, name but a few. The evolution these terms largely mirrored understanding field. But what is meant terms, why have they evolved, and does it really matter how process called? Which parameters should be defined describe unambiguously experimental conditions such that others can reproduce results, or allow meaningful comparison between processes explored under different conditions? Can information on encoded in clear, concise, self-explanatory way? We address questions this Opinion contribution, which we hope will spark timely constructive discussion across international mechanochemical community.

Language: Английский

---

Time‐Resolved In Situ Monitoring of Mechanochemical Reactions

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 61(21)

Published: Feb. 7, 2022

Mechanochemical transformations offer environmentally benign synthesis routes, whilst enhancing both the speed and selectivity of reactions. In this regard, mechanochemistry promises to transform way in which chemistry is done academia industry but greatly hindered by a current lack mechanistic understanding. The continued development use time-resolved situ (TRIS) approaches monitor mechanochemical reactions provides new dimension elucidate these fascinating transformations. We here discuss recent trends method that have pushed boundaries research. New features obtained TRIS techniques are subsequently discussed, sheds light on how different been used. Emphasis placed strength combining complementary techniques. Finally, we outline our views potential methods research, towards establishing new, paradigm chemical sciences.

Language: Английский

---

Tinkering with Mechanochemical Tools for Scale Up

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(44)

Published: April 28, 2023

Mechanochemistry provides an environmentally benign platform to develop more sustainable chemical processes by limiting raw materials, energy use, and waste generation while using physically smaller equipment. A continuously growing research community has steadily showcased examples of beneficial mechanochemistry applications at both the laboratory preparative scale. In contrast solution-based chemistry, mechanochemical have not yet been standardized, thus scaling up is still a nascent discipline. The purpose this Minireview highlight similarities, differences challenges various approaches that successfully applied for range scales. We hope provide discussion starting point those interested in further developing commercial use and/or industrialisation.

Language: Английский

---

Leveraging mechanochemistry for sustainable polymer degradation

Polymer Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(4), P. 249 - 268

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Abstract Over 8 billion tons of plastic have been produced to date, and a 100% reclamation recycling strategy is not foreseeable. This review summarizes how the mechanochemistry polymers may contribute sustainable polymer future by controlling degradation only de novo developed designer but also plastics in existing waste streams. The historical development presented while highlighting current examples mechanochemically induced degradation. Additionally, theoretical computational frameworks are discussed that lead discovery better understanding new mechanochemical reactions future. takes into account technical engineering perspectives converging fields trituration with particular focus on fate commodity potential technologies monitor they occur. Therefore, unique perspective multiple communities presented, need for transdisciplinary research tackle high-leverage parameters governing an eventually successful approach circular economy.

Language: Английский

---

Investigation of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Synthesis, Properties, and Applications - An In-Depth Review

Chemical Physics Impact, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100864 - 100864

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Toward Mechanistic Understanding of Mechanochemical Reactions Using Real-Time In Situ Monitoring

Accounts of Chemical Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(9), P. 1262 - 1277

Published: April 21, 2022

The past two decades have witnessed a rapid emergence of interest in mechanochemistry-chemical and materials reactivity achieved or sustained by the action mechanical force-which has led to application mechanochemistry almost all areas modern chemical synthesis: from organic, inorganic, organometallic chemistry enzymatic reactions, formation metal-organic frameworks, hybrid perovskites, nanoparticle-based materials. recent success ball milling also raised questions about underlying mechanisms realization that rational development effective harnessing mechanochemical for cleaner more efficient manufacturing will critically depend on establishing mechanistic understanding these reactions. Despite their long history, such knowledge framework reactions is still incomplete. This part due the, until recently, unsurmountable challenge directly observing transformations taking place rapidly oscillating rotating vessel, with sample being under continuous impact media. A transformative change studies was recently introduced through first methodologies real-time situ monitoring based synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction Raman spectroscopy. Introduced 2013 2014, new techniques inspired period tremendous method development, resulting are temperature and/or pressure monitoring, extended fine structure (EXAFS), and, latest, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technologies available now experimental strategies advanced data analysis approaches identification quantification short-lived reaction intermediates, models, as well complex three simultaneous approaches. use opportunities has, less than decade, enabled observations kinetics how presence additives, other means modifying reaction, influence rates pathways. These revealed multistep mechanisms, autocatalysis, identified molecules previously not been known even considered possible synthesize conventional Mechanistic (PXRD) spectroscopy highlighted supramolecular complexes (for example, cocrystals) critical intermediates organic synthesis combined isotope labeling provide deeper insight into atomic molecular dynamics conditions. Account provides an overview this exciting, evolving field presenting concepts behind outlining key advances mechanochemistry, selected important pushing forward boundaries measurement techniques, analysis, mapping mechanisms.

Language: Английский

---

Sustainable Mechanosynthesis of Biologically Active Molecules

European Journal of Organic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022(21)

Published: Feb. 9, 2022

Abstract Synthetic mechanochemistry, the use of mechanical force produced by milling, grinding or extruding, as an activation technique, provides access to chemical entities all kinds. This Review is focused on examples reported so far known Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), and effectively evaluated bioactive molecules, prepared mechanosynthesis. Three families molecules are discussed: heterocyclic compounds, metal complexes peptides. Advantages mechanochemistry approach highlighted especially from a green chemistry efficacy point view.

Language: Английский

---

Methods for Monitoring Milling Reactions and Mechanistic Studies of Mechanochemistry: A Primer

Crystal Growth & Design, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 5726 - 5754

Published: Aug. 21, 2022

Mechanochemistry by ball milling is garnering significant attention as an efficient and versatile means of chemical synthesis which minimizes the need for solvents reduces amount energy required to conduct many molecular transformations. Understanding reactions often requires monitoring reaction solid forms, with little or ideally no disruption process. Herein, we provide a broad but succinct summary how different ex situ more recently developed in techniques have been applied monitor mechanochemical reactions, revealing pathways mechanisms driving solid-state materials transformations milling. The rapidly evolving field has already revolutionized our understanding complex self-assembled phases intermediates catalytic other types through multitude reported investigating are touched upon this summary, promise dramatically increase pace development chemistry.

Language: Английский

---

Direct mechanocatalysis by resonant acoustic mixing (RAM)

Chemical Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(27), P. 7475 - 7481

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

We demonstrate the use of a metal surface to directly catalyse copper-catalysed alkyne-azide click-coupling (CuAAC) reactions under conditions Resonant Acoustic Mixing (RAM) - recently introduced and scalable mechanochemical methodology that uniquely eliminates need for bulk solvent, as well milling media. By using simple copper coil catalyst, this work shows direct mechanocatalysis can occur in an impact-free environment, relying solely on high-speed mixing reagents against surface, without specially designed containers introducing experimental setup enables real-time Raman spectroscopy monitoring RAM processes, we 0th-order reaction kinetics several selected CuAAC reactions, supporting surface-based catalysis. The herein presented RAM-based is simple, effective one-pot, two-step synthesis triazoles

Language: Английский

---

Under pressure: offering fundamental insight into structural changes on ball milling battery materials

Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 5196 - 5209

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The dynamic impacts from the ball mill process inducing a pressure phase change.

Language: Английский

---