The origins of COVID‐19 pandemic: A brief overview DOI Open Access

Ying‐Jian Hao,

Yulan Wang,

Mei‐Yue Wang

et al.

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 69(6), P. 3181 - 3197

Published: Oct. 11, 2022

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak that emerged at the end of 2019 has now swept world for more than 2 years, causing immeasurable damage to lives and economies world. It drawn so much attention discovering how severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) originated entered human body. current argument revolves around two contradictory theories: a scenario laboratory spillover events contact with zoonotic diseases. Here, we reviewed transmission, pathogenesis, possible hosts, as well genome protein structure SARS-CoV-2, which play key roles in COVID-19 pandemic. We believe was originally transmitted by animals rather leak. However, there still needs investigations determine source Understanding is vital developing global strategies mitigating future outbreaks.

Language: Английский

Potent human broadly SARS-CoV-2–neutralizing IgA and IgG antibodies effective against Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 DOI Creative Commons
Cyril Planchais, I. Fernández, Timothée Bruel

et al.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 219(7)

Published: June 15, 2022

Memory B-cell and antibody responses to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein contribute long-term immune protection against severe COVID-19, which can also be prevented by antibody-based interventions. Here, wide immunoprofiling in Wuhan COVID-19 convalescents combining serological, cellular, monoclonal explorations revealed humoral immunity coordination. Detailed characterization of a hundred memory antibodies uncovered diversity their repertoire antiviral functions. The latter were influenced targeted region with strong Fc-dependent effectors S2 subunit potent neutralizers receptor-binding domain. Amongst those, Cv2.1169 Cv2.3194 cross-neutralized variants concern, including Omicron BA.1 BA.2. Cv2.1169, isolated from mucosa-derived IgA B cell demonstrated potency boost as dimers therapeutic efficacy IgG animal models. Structural data provided mechanistic clues breadth. Thus, broadly neutralizing elicited mucosal tissues stem infection, are prime candidates for prevention treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

54
SARS-CoV-2’s Variants of Concern: A Brief Characterization DOI Creative Commons

Aline Miranda Scovino,

Elizabeth Chen Dahab, Gustavo Fioravanti Vieira

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 26, 2022

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disclose the variants of concern (VOC) including Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529). Its spike protein (S) present on surface virus is recognized by host cell receptor, angiotensin-2 converting enzyme (ACE2) which promotes their entry into cell. mutations presented VOCs are found in RBD N-terminal region S protein. Therefore, occurring can modify biological immunogenic characteristics virus, such as modifying affinity for ACE2, increasing transmissibility, or conferring ability to escape immune responses. raise a potential new SARS-CoV-2 variant capable evading defenses at same time maintaining its fitness justifies importance continued genetic monitoring pandemic coronavirus.

Language: Английский

Citations

54
Impact of new variants on SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and neutralization: A molecular assessment of the alterations in the spike-host protein interactions DOI
Mary Hongying Cheng, James Krieger, Anupam Banerjee

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 103939 - 103939

Published: Feb. 17, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

46
Broader-species receptor binding and structural bases of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 to both mouse and palm-civet ACE2s DOI Creative Commons
Linjie Li, Pu Han,

Baihan Huang

et al.

Cell Discovery, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: July 12, 2022

The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 carries multiple unusual mutations, particularly in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) spike (S) protein. Moreover, host-adapting such as residues 493, 498, and 501, were also observed RBD, which indicates that it is necessary to evaluate interspecies transmission risk variant. Herein, we evaluated recognition BA.1 Delta RBDs by 27 ACE2 orthologs, including humans. We found expanded its receptor binding spectra palm-civet, rodents, more bats (least horseshoe bat greater bat) lesser hedgehog tenrec. Additionally, determined cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure S protein complexed with mouse (mACE2) crystal RBD palm-civet (cvACE2). Several key for host range have been identified. These results suggest surveillance should be enhanced on broader-species prevent spillover expansion reservoir hosts a prolonged pandemic.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
The origins of COVID‐19 pandemic: A brief overview DOI Open Access

Ying‐Jian Hao,

Yulan Wang,

Mei‐Yue Wang

et al.

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 69(6), P. 3181 - 3197

Published: Oct. 11, 2022

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak that emerged at the end of 2019 has now swept world for more than 2 years, causing immeasurable damage to lives and economies world. It drawn so much attention discovering how severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) originated entered human body. current argument revolves around two contradictory theories: a scenario laboratory spillover events contact with zoonotic diseases. Here, we reviewed transmission, pathogenesis, possible hosts, as well genome protein structure SARS-CoV-2, which play key roles in COVID-19 pandemic. We believe was originally transmitted by animals rather leak. However, there still needs investigations determine source Understanding is vital developing global strategies mitigating future outbreaks.

Language: Английский

Citations

41