Optimizing hydrogen production by alkaline water decomposition with transition metal-based electrocatalysts

Environmental Chemistry Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(5), P. 2583 - 2617

Published: June 3, 2023

Abstract Burning fossil fuels account for over 75% of global greenhouse gas emissions and 90% carbon dioxide emissions, calling alternative such as hydrogen. Since the hydrogen demand could reach 120 million tons in 2024, efficient large-scale production methods are required. Here we review electrocatalytic water splitting with a focus on reaction mechanisms, transition metal catalysts, optimization strategies. We discuss mechanisms decomposition evolution. Transition catalysts include alloys, sulfides, carbides, nitrides, phosphides, selenides, oxides, hydroxides, metal-organic frameworks. The can be optimized by modifying nanostructure or electronic structure. observe that metal-based electrocatalysts excellent due to their abundant sources, low cost, controllable structures. Concerning optimization, fluorine anion doping at 1 mol/L potassium hydroxide yields an overpotential 38 mV current density 10 mA/cm 2 . efficiency also enhanced adding atoms nickel sulfide framework.

Language: Английский

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Metal Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Production in Water Splitting

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

The rising demand for fossil fuels and the resulting pollution have raised environmental concerns about energy production. Undoubtedly, hydrogen is best candidate producing clean sustainable now in future. Water splitting a promising efficient process production, where catalysts play key role evolution reaction (HER). HER electrocatalysis can be well performed by Pt with low overpotential close to zero Tafel slope of 30 mV dec–1. However, main challenge expanding production using inexpensive catalysts. Due electrocatalytic activity electrochemical stability, transition metal compounds are options electrocatalysts. This study will focus on analyzing current situation recent advances design development nanostructured electrocatalysts noble non-noble metals electrocatalysis. In general, strategies including doping, crystallization control, structural engineering, carbon nanomaterials, increasing active sites changing morphology helpful improve performance. Finally, challenges future perspectives designing functional stable from water-splitting electrolysis described.

Language: Английский

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Efficient and durable seawater electrolysis with a V ₂ O ₃ -protected catalyst

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(20)

Published: May 17, 2024

The ocean, a vast hydrogen reservoir, holds potential for sustainable energy and water development. Developing high-performance electrocatalysts production under harsh seawater conditions is challenging. Here, we propose incorporating protective V 2 O 3 layer to modulate the microcatalytic environment create in situ dual-active sites consisting of low-loaded Pt Ni N. This catalyst demonstrates an ultralow overpotential 80 mV at 500 mA cm −2 , mass activity 30.86 times higher than Pt-C maintains least hours seawater. Moreover, assembled anion exchange membrane electrolyzers (AEMWE) demonstrate superior durability even demanding industrial conditions. In localized pH analysis elucidates environmental regulation mechanism layer. Its role as Lewis acid enables sequestration excess OH − ions, mitigate Cl corrosion, alkaline earth salt precipitation. Our protection strategy by using presents promising cost-effective approach large-scale green production.

Language: Английский

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Yttrium‐ and nitrogen‐doped NiCo phosphide nanosheets for high‐efficiency water electrolysis

Carbon Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(8)

Published: March 15, 2024

Abstract Engineering high‐performance and low‐cost bifunctional catalysts for H 2 (hydrogen evolution reaction [HER]) O (oxygen [OER]) under industrial electrocatalytic conditions remains challenging. Here, the first time, we use stronger electronegativity of a rare‐Earth yttrium ion (Y 3+ ) to induce in situ NiCo‐layered double‐hydroxide nanosheets from NiCo foam (NCF) treated by dielectric barrier discharge plasma NCF (PNCF), then obtain nitrogen‐doped YNiCo phosphide (N‐YNiCoP/PNCF) after phosphating process using radiofrequency nitrogen. The obtained N‐YNiCoP/PNCF has large specific surface area, rich heterointerfaces, an optimized electronic structure, inducing high activity HER (331 mV vs. 2000 mA cm −2 OER (464 reactions 1 M KOH electrolyte. X‐ray absorption spectroscopy density functional theory quantum chemistry calculations reveal that coordination number CoNi decreased with incorporation Y atoms, which much shorter bonds Ni Co ions promote long‐term stability N‐YNiCoP simulated conditions. Meanwhile, CoN‐YP 5 heterointerface formed N‐doping is active center overall water splitting. This work expands applications elements engineering electrocatalysts provides new avenue designing transition‐metal‐based renewable energy field.

Language: Английский

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Phosphorus-induced anti-growth of ruthenium clusters-single atoms for ultra-stable hydrogen evolution over 100,000 cycles

Joule, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 1790 - 1803

Published: June 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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