Wet‐Adaptive Electronic Skin

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(49)

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Skin electronics provides remarkable opportunities for non-invasive and long-term monitoring of a wide variety biophysical physiological signals that are closely related to health, medicine, human-machine interactions. Nevertheless, conventional skin fabricated on elastic thin films difficult adapt the wet microenvironments skin: Elastic non-permeable, which block perspiration; adhere skin; Most work underwater. Here, Wet-Adaptive Electronic (WADE-skin) is reported, consists next-to-skin wet-adhesive fibrous layer, next-to-air waterproof stretchable permeable liquid metal electrode layer. While electronic functionality determined by design, this WADE-skin simultaneously offers superb stretchability, adhesion, permeability, biocompatibility, property. The can rapidly human after contact few seconds stably maintain adhesion over weeks even under conditions, without showing any negative effect health. use demonstrated stable recording electrocardiogram during intensive sweating as well underwater activities, strain sensor operation virtual reality-mediated

Language: Английский

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Solvent‐Free and Skin‐Like Supramolecular Ion‐Conductive Elastomers with Versatile Processability for Multifunctional Ionic Tattoos and On‐Skin Bioelectronics

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(39)

Published: June 24, 2023

The development of stable and biocompatible soft ionic conductors, alternatives to hydrogels ionogels, will open up new avenues for the construction stretchable electronics. Here, a brand-new design, encapsulating naturally occurring ionizable compound by polymer via high-density hydrogen bonds, resulting in solvent-free supramolecular ion-conductive elastomer (SF-supra-ICE) that eliminates dehydration problem possesses excellent biocompatibility, is reported. SF-supra-ICE with high conductivity (>3.3 × 10-2 S m-1 ) exhibits skin-like softness strain-stiffening behaviors, elasticity, breathability, self-adhesiveness. Importantly, can be obtained simple water evaporation step solidify aqueous precursor into nature. Therefore, act as inks painted printed customized tattoos (I-tattoos) multifunctional on-skin bioelectronics. I-tattoos exhibit ultraconformal seamless contact human skin, enabling long-term high-fidelity recording various electrophysiological signals extraordinary immunity motion artifacts. Human-machine interactions are achieved exploiting transmit beings. Stretchable I-tattoo electrode arrays, manufactured printing method, demonstrated multichannel digital diagnosis health condition back muscles spine.

Language: Английский

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Robust Neural Interfaces with Photopatternable, Bioadhesive, and Highly Conductive Hydrogels for Stable Chronic Neuromodulation

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 885 - 895

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

A robust neural interface with intimate electrical coupling between electrodes and tissues is critical for stable chronic neuromodulation. The development of bioadhesive hydrogel a potential approach tightly fixing the on epineurium surface to construct interface. Herein, we photopatternable, antifouling, conductive (∼6 S cm–1), (interfacial toughness ∼100 J m–2), soft, elastic (∼290% strain, Young's modulus 7.25 kPa) establish bioelectronics. UV-sensitive zwitterionic monomer can facilitate formation an electrostatic-assembled polymer PEDOT:PSS network, it be further photo-cross-linked into network. Such semi-interpenetrating network endows good conductivity. Especially, photopatternable feature enables facile microfabrication processes multifunctional (MH) characteristic size 50 μm. MH electrodes, which show improved performance impedance, charge storage capacity, injection capability, produce effective stimulation high current density (1 mA cm–2) at ultralow voltages (±25 mV). could realize high-efficient communication recording sciatic nerve in rat model.

Language: Английский

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Self-compliant ionic skin by leveraging hierarchical hydrogen bond association

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Abstract Robust interfacial compliance is essential for long-term physiological monitoring via skin-mountable ionic materials. Unfortunately, existing epidermal skins are not compliant and durable enough to accommodate the time-varying deformations of convoluted skin surface, due an imbalance in viscosity elasticity. Here we introduce a self-compliant that consistently works at critical gel point state with almost equal elasticity over super-wide frequency range. The material designed by leveraging hierarchical hydrogen bond association, allowing continuous release polymer strands create topological entanglements as complementary crosslinks. By embodying properties rapid stress relaxation, softness, conductivity, self-healability, flaw-insensitivity, self-adhesion, water-resistance, this fosters excellent cyclically deforming substrates, facilitates acquisition high-fidelity electrophysiological signals alleviated motion artifacts. presented strategy generalizable could expand applicability more complex service conditions.

Language: Английский

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N-type semiconducting hydrogel

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 384(6695), P. 557 - 563

Published: May 2, 2024

Hydrogels are an attractive category of biointerfacing materials with adjustable mechanical properties, diverse biochemical functions, and good ionic conductivity. Despite these advantages, their application in electronics has been restricted because lack semiconducting they have traditionally only served as insulators or conductors. We developed single- multiple-network hydrogels based on a water-soluble n-type polymer, endowing conventional capabilities. These show electron mobilities high on/off ratios, enabling the fabrication complementary logic circuits signal amplifiers low power consumption gains. demonstrate that hydrogel bioadhesive biocompatible interface can sense amplify electrophysiological signals enhanced signal-to-noise ratios.

Language: Английский

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Soft Electronics for Health Monitoring Assisted by Machine Learning

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 15, 2023

Abstract Due to the development of novel materials, past two decades have witnessed rapid advances soft electronics. The electronics huge potential in physical sign monitoring and health care. One important advantages is forming good interface with skin, which can increase user scale improve signal quality. Therefore, it easy build specific dataset, performance machine learning algorithm. At same time, assistance algorithm, become more intelligent realize real-time analysis diagnosis. machining algorithms complement each other very well. It indubitable that will bring us a healthier world near future. this review, we give careful introduction about new material, physiological detected by devices, devices assisted Some materials be discussed such as two-dimensional carbon nanotube, nanowire, nanomesh, hydrogel. Then, sensors according types (pulse, respiration, human motion, intraocular pressure, phonation, etc.). After that, various reviewed, including some classical powerful neural network algorithms. Especially, device introduced carefully. Finally, outlook, challenge, conclusion system powered algorithm discussed.

Language: Английский

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A stretchable, biocompatible, and self-powered hydrogel multichannel wireless sensor system based on piezoelectric barium titanate nanoparticles for health monitoring

Nano Energy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 114, P. 108617 - 108617

Published: June 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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Stretchable surface electromyography electrode array patch for tendon location and muscle injury prevention

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 14, 2023

Surface electromyography (sEMG) can provide multiplexed information about muscle performance. If current sEMG electrodes are stretchable, arrayed, and able to be used multiple times, they would offer adequate high-quality data for continuous monitoring. The lack of these properties delays the widespread use in clinics everyday life. Here, we address constraints by design an adhesive dry electrode using tannic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, PEDOT:PSS (TPP). TPP offers superior stretchability (~200%) adhesiveness (0.58 N/cm) compared electrodes, ensuring stable long-term contact with skin recording (>20 dB; >5 days). In addition, developed a metal-polymer array patch (MEAP) comprising liquid metal (LM) circuits electrodes. MEAP demonstrated better conformability than commercial arrays, resulting higher signal-to-noise ratio more recordings during movements. Manufactured scalable screen-printing, MEAPs feature completely stretchable material architecture, enabling real-time monitoring stress, fatigue, tendon displacement. Their potential reduce injuries enhance performance daily exercise professional sports holds great promise.

Language: Английский

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Temperature-Mediated Phase Separation Enables Strong yet Reversible Mechanical and Adhesive Hydrogels

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(14), P. 13948 - 13960

Published: July 10, 2023

Hydrogels with strong yet reversible mechanical and adhesive properties fabricated in a facile friendly manner are important for engineering intelligent electronics applications but challenging to create control. Existing approaches preparing hydrogels involve complicated pretreatments produce that suffer from limited skin applicability. Copolymerized expected present an intriguing target this field by means of thermoresponsive features, while the perceived intrinsic flaws brittleness, easy fracture, weak adhesion enervate development prospects. Herein, we report hydrogel using cellulose nanofibrils simultaneously address multiple dilemmas inspired temperature-mediated phase separation strategy. This strategy applies temperature-driven formation dissociation hydrogen bonds between common copolymers trigger onset termination dynamically on-demand properties. The resulting exhibits up 96.0% (117.2 J/m2 vs 4.8 interfacial toughness) 85.7% (0.02 MPa 0.14 stiffness) tunability when worked on skin, respectively. Our offers promising, simple, efficient way directly achieve robust performance one step biomass resources, implications could go beyond hydrogels.

Language: Английский

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Electrochemical and Electrical Biosensors for Wearable and Implantable Electronics Based on Conducting Polymers and Carbon-Based Materials

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 124(3), P. 722 - 767

Published: Dec. 29, 2023

Bioelectronic devices are designed to translate biological information into electrical signals and vice versa, thereby bridging the gap between living world electronic systems. Among different types of bioelectronics devices, wearable implantable biosensors particularly important as they offer access physiological biochemical activities tissues organs, which is significant in diagnosing researching various medical conditions. Organic conducting semiconducting materials, including polymers (CPs) graphene carbon nanotubes (CNTs), some most promising candidates for biosensors. Their unique electrical, electrochemical, mechanical properties bring new possibilities that could not be realized by utilizing metals- or silicon-based analogues. The use organic- carbon-based conductors development has emerged a rapidly growing research field, with remarkable progress being made recent years. such materials addresses issue mismatched well improvement accuracy fidelity transferred information. In this review, we highlight advances field provide insights organic (semi)conducting materials' relate these their applications wearable/implantable We also perspective on potential exciting future developments

Language: Английский

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