New Phytologist,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
236(1), P. 182 - 194
Published: June 18, 2022
Summary
Eukaryotic
genomes
contain
a
vast
diversity
of
transposable
elements
(TEs).
Formerly
often
described
as
selfish
and
parasitic
DNA
sequences,
TEs
are
now
recognised
source
genetic
powerful
drivers
evolution.
However,
because
their
mobility
is
tightly
controlled
by
the
host,
studies
experimentally
assessing
how
fast
may
mediate
emergence
adaptive
traits
scarce.
We
exposed
Arabidopsis
thaliana
high‐copy
TE
lines
(hcLines)
with
up
to
c.
eight‐fold
increased
copy
numbers
heat‐responsive
ONSEN
drought
straightforward
ecologically
highly
relevant
selection
pressure.
provide
evidence
for
tolerance
in
five
out
23
tested
hcLines
further
pinpoint
one
causative
mutations
an
exonic
insertion
ribose‐5‐phosphate‐isomerase
2
gene.
The
resulting
loss‐of‐function
mutation
caused
decreased
rate
photosynthesis,
plant
size
water
consumption.
Overall,
we
show
that
heat‐induced
transposition
low‐copy
increases
phenotypic
leads
drought‐tolerant
individuals
A.
.
This
rare
empirical
examples
substantiating
potential
mobilised
stress‐responsive
eukaryotes.
Our
work
demonstrates
TE‐mediated
stress
adaptation.
Genes,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(6), P. 1281 - 1281
Published: June 16, 2023
The
present
day's
ongoing
global
warming
and
climate
change
adversely
affect
plants
through
imposing
environmental
(abiotic)
stresses
disease
pressure.
major
abiotic
factors
such
as
drought,
heat,
cold,
salinity,
etc.,
hamper
a
plant's
innate
growth
development,
resulting
in
reduced
yield
quality,
with
the
possibility
of
undesired
traits.
In
21st
century,
advent
high-throughput
sequencing
tools,
state-of-the-art
biotechnological
techniques
bioinformatic
analyzing
pipelines
led
to
easy
characterization
plant
traits
for
stress
response
tolerance
mechanisms
by
applying
'omics'
toolbox.
Panomics
pipeline
including
genomics,
transcriptomics,
proteomics,
metabolomics,
epigenomics,
proteogenomics,
interactomics,
ionomics,
phenomics,
have
become
very
handy
nowadays.
This
is
important
produce
climate-smart
future
crops
proper
understanding
molecular
responses
genes,
transcripts,
proteins,
epigenome,
cellular
metabolic
circuits
resultant
phenotype.
Instead
mono-omics,
two
or
more
(hence
'multi-omics')
integrated-omics
approaches
can
decipher
well.
Multi-omics-characterized
be
used
potent
genetic
resources
incorporate
into
breeding
program.
For
practical
utility
crop
improvement,
multi-omics
particular
combined
genome-assisted
(GAB)
being
pyramided
improved
yield,
food
quality
associated
agronomic
open
new
era
omics-assisted
breeding.
Thus,
together
are
able
processes,
biomarkers,
targets
engineering,
regulatory
networks
precision
agriculture
solutions
crop's
variable
ensure
security
under
changing
circumstances.
Nature Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
41(10), P. 1457 - 1464
Published: Feb. 6, 2023
DNA
comprises
molecular
information
stored
in
genetic
and
epigenetic
bases,
both
of
which
are
vital
to
our
understanding
biology.
Most
sequencing
approaches
address
either
genetics
or
epigenetics
thus
capture
incomplete
information.
Methods
widely
used
detect
bases
fail
common
C-to-T
mutations
distinguish
5-methylcytosine
from
5-hydroxymethylcytosine.
We
present
a
single
base-resolution
methodology
that
sequences
complete
the
two
most
cytosine
modifications
workflow.
is
copied
enzymatically
converted.
Coupled
decoding
across
original
copy
strand
provides
phased
digital
readout.
demonstrated
on
human
genomic
cell-free
blood
sample
patient
with
cancer.
The
approach
accurate,
requires
low
input
has
simple
workflow
analysis
pipeline.
Simultaneous,
reading
more
picture
genomes
applications
throughout
biomedicine.
Genome biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Sept. 20, 2022
It
is
challenging
to
determine
the
effect
of
DNA
methylation
on
epigenetic
landscape
and
function
in
higher
organisms
due
lack
methylation-free
mutants.
Annual Review of Plant Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
74(1), P. 87 - 109
Published: March 1, 2023
The
establishment,
maintenance,
and
removal
of
epigenetic
modifications
provide
an
additional
layer
regulation,
beyond
genetically
encoded
factors,
by
which
plants
can
control
developmental
processes
adapt
to
the
environment.
Epigenetic
inheritance,
while
historically
referring
information
not
in
DNA
sequence
that
is
inherited
between
generations,
also
refer
are
maintained
within
individual
but
reset
generations.
Both
types
inheritance
occur
plants,
functions
mechanisms
distinguishing
two
great
interest
field.
Here,
we
discuss
examples
dynamics
maintenance
during
selected
stages
growth
development
their
functional
consequences.
states
dynamic
response
stress,
with
consequences
for
transposable
element
regulation.
How
resetting
generations
occurs
normal
stress
emerging
area
research.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
192(3), P. 1711 - 1717
Published: April 1, 2023
During
ripening,
fleshy
fruits
undergo
irreversible
changes
in
color,
texture,
sugar
content,
aroma,
and
flavor
to
appeal
seed-dispersal
vectors.
The
onset
of
climacteric
fruit
ripening
is
accompanied
by
an
ethylene
burst.
Understanding
the
factors
triggering
this
burst
important
for
manipulating
ripening.
Here,
we
review
current
understanding
recent
insights
into
possible
ripening:
DNA
methylation
histone
modification,
including
acetylation.
initiation
exploring
accurately
regulating
mechanisms
Lastly,
discuss
potential
responsible
Horticulture Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10(11)
Published: Oct. 12, 2023
Previously
released
pear
genomes
contain
a
plethora
of
gaps
and
unanchored
genetic
regions.
Here,
we
report
telomere-to-telomere
(T2T)
gap-free
genome
for
the
red-skinned
pear,
'Yunhong
No.
1'
(YH1;
Pyrus
pyrifolia),
which
is
mainly
cultivated
in
Yunnan
Province
(southwest
China),
pear's
primary
region
origin.
The
YH1
501.20
Mb
long
with
contig
N50
length
29.26
Mb.
All
17
chromosomes
were
assembled
to
T2T
level
34
characterized
telomeres.
centromeres
predicted
consist
centromeric-specific
monomers
(CEN198)
terminal
repeat
(LTR)
Gypsy
elements
(≥74.73%).
By
filling
all
unclosed
gaps,
integrity
markedly
improved
over
previous
P.
pyrifolia
('Cuiguan'
'Nijisseiki').
A
total
1531
segmental
duplication
(SD)
driven
duplicated
genes
identified
enriched
stress
response
pathways.
Intrachromosomal
SDs
drove
expansion
disease
resistance
genes,
suggesting
potential
adaptive
evolution.
large
proportion
gene
pairs
exhibit
dosage
effects
or
sub-/neo-functionalization,
may
affect
agronomic
traits
like
stone
cell
content,
sugar
fruit
skin
russet.
Furthermore,
as
core
regulators
anthocyanin
biosynthesis,
found
that
MYB10
MYB114
underwent
various
events.
Multiple
copies
displayed
obvious
effects,
indicating
role
differentiation
formation
fruit.
In
summary,
provides
invaluable
resources
evolution
functional
genomics.
