The genetics of low and high birthweight and their relationship with cardiometabolic disease DOI Creative Commons
Gunn-Helen Moen, Liang‐Dar Hwang, Caroline Brito Nunes

et al.

Diabetologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Low birthweight infants are at increased risk not only of mortality, but also type 2 diabetes mellitus and CVD in later life. At the opposite end spectrum, high have birth complications, such as shoulder dystocia, neonatal hypoglycaemia obesity, similarly CVD. However, previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) UK Biobank primarily focused on individuals within ‘normal’ range excluded with low (<2.5 kg or >4.5 kg). The aim this study was to investigate genetic variation associated tail ends distribution, to: (1) see whether factors operating these regions were different from those that explained normal range; (2) explore correlation between extremes cardiometabolic disease; (3) analysing full distribution values, including extremes, improved ability detect genuine loci GWAS. Methods We performed case–control GWAS analysis kg) (>4.5 using REGENIE software ( N =20,947; =12,715; controls =207,506) conducted three continuous birthweight, one birthweights, involving a truncated birthweights 2.5 4.5 third winsorised values <2.5 kg. Additionally, we bivariate linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression estimate low/normal/high traits. Results Bivariate LD analyses suggested had mostly similar aetiology (genetic coefficient [ r G ]=0.91, 95% CI 0.83, 0.99), whereas there more evidence for separate set genes underlying =−0.74, 0.66, 0.82). significantly positively genetically correlated most traits diseases examined, adiposity anthropometric-related winsorisation strategy best terms locus detection, number independent significant associations p <5×10 −8 ) increasing 120 variants 94 270 178 loci, 27 25 been identified This included novel low-frequency missense variant ABCC8 gene, gene known be involved congenital hyperinsulinism, MODY, estimated responsible 170 g increase amongst carriers. Conclusions/interpretation Our results underscore importance genesis phenotypic diseases. Graphical

Language: Английский

The Role of Parental Education, Intelligence, and Personality on the Cognitive Abilities of Gifted Children DOI Creative Commons
Lina Pezzuti,

Morena Farese,

James Dawe

et al.

Journal of Intelligence, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 12 - 12

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Several studies have indicated that parental education predicts children’s intelligence. In contrast, fewer simultaneously analyzed the role of intelligence, education, and personality in shaping their giftedness. This study investigated effects cognitive abilities (based on CHC theory), traits Five-Factor Model) expression gifted abilities. Sixty-five children (IQ ≥ 120) aged 6 to 14 years (M = 9.91 years; SD 2.24 years) were assessed using WISC-IV, while parents (65 mothers, M 44.00 4.20 years, 61 fathers, 45.70 5.40 completed WAIS-IV Big-Five Inventory. The results maternal was a key predictor Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) bivariate analyses, though its effect not robust multivariate models. Children’s Perceptual Reasoning (PRI) associated with conscientiousness, fathers’ short-term memory (Gsm) emerged as primary Working Memory (WMI). Maternal processing speed (Gs) strongest Processing Speed (PSI) across both analyses. While traits, such played facilitating visual-spatial reasoning, weaker compared educational factors. findings obtained, which are only partly consistent data literature, highlight domain-specific influence characteristics giftedness underscore need for further research into interplay genetic, cognitive, environmental

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Multi-source physical information driven deep learning in intelligent education: Unleashing the potential of deep neural networks in complex educational evaluation DOI Creative Commons
Zhizhong Xing, Ying Yang,

Li Tan

et al.

AIP Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

With the urgent global demand for sustainable development, intelligent education driven by multi-source physical information has attracted widespread attention as an innovative educational model. However, in context of dual carbon, achieving and efficient development faces many difficulties, one important challenges is how to effectively evaluate students. The application deep neural networks evaluation direction digitization. Currently, there need conduct research on value empowering with networks. We first studied principles characteristics network technology evaluation; second, three major advantages were pointed out: objectivity evaluating diversified data, accuracy perception information, mining data finally, key faced clarified from perspectives environment, theoretical knowledge, interpretability. This provides new ideas methods lays foundation breaking through traditional era carbon development.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Using twin-pairs to assess potential bias in polygenic prediction of externalising behaviours across development DOI Creative Commons
Joanna K. Bright, Christopher Rayner, Z. Freeman

et al.

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Abstract Prediction from polygenic scores may be confounded by sources of passive gene-environment correlation (rGE; e.g. population stratification, assortative mating, and environmentally mediated effects parental genotype on child phenotype). Using genomic data 10 000 twin pairs, we asked whether the most recent externalising genome-wide association study predict conduct problems, ADHD symptomology callous-unemotional traits, these predictions are biased rGE. We ran regression models including within-family between-family scores, to separate direct genetic influence a trait environmental influences that correlate with genes (indirect effects). Findings suggested this score is good index ADHD-related symptoms across development, minimal bias rGE, although predicted less variance in CU traits. Post-hoc analyses showed some indirect acting common factor indexing stability problems time contexts.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Intergenerational transmission of polygenic predisposition for neuropsychiatric traits on emotional and behavioural difficulties in childhood DOI Creative Commons
Andrea G. Allegrini, Laurie J. Hannigan, Leonard Frach

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: March 18, 2025

Abstract Childhood emotional and behavioural difficulties tend to co-occur often precede diagnosed neuropsychiatric conditions. Identifying shared specific risk factors for early-life mental health is therefore essential prevention strategies. Here, we examine how parental shape their offspring’s symptoms (e.g. feelings of anxiety, restlessness) using data from 14,959 genotyped family trios the Norwegian Mother, Father Child Cohort Study (MoBa). We model maternal reports symptoms, organizing them into general domains. then investigate direct (genetically transmitted) indirect (environmentally mediated) contributions polygenic neuropsychiatric-related traits whether these are across symptoms. observe evidence consistent with an environmental route symptomatology beyond genetic transmission, while also demonstrating domain-specific contributions. These findings improve our understanding early pathways that can be targeted in preventive interventions aiming interrupt intergenerational cycle transmission.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The genetics of low and high birthweight and their relationship with cardiometabolic disease DOI Creative Commons
Gunn-Helen Moen, Liang‐Dar Hwang, Caroline Brito Nunes

et al.

Diabetologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Low birthweight infants are at increased risk not only of mortality, but also type 2 diabetes mellitus and CVD in later life. At the opposite end spectrum, high have birth complications, such as shoulder dystocia, neonatal hypoglycaemia obesity, similarly CVD. However, previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) UK Biobank primarily focused on individuals within ‘normal’ range excluded with low (<2.5 kg or >4.5 kg). The aim this study was to investigate genetic variation associated tail ends distribution, to: (1) see whether factors operating these regions were different from those that explained normal range; (2) explore correlation between extremes cardiometabolic disease; (3) analysing full distribution values, including extremes, improved ability detect genuine loci GWAS. Methods We performed case–control GWAS analysis kg) (>4.5 using REGENIE software ( N =20,947; =12,715; controls =207,506) conducted three continuous birthweight, one birthweights, involving a truncated birthweights 2.5 4.5 third winsorised values <2.5 kg. Additionally, we bivariate linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression estimate low/normal/high traits. Results Bivariate LD analyses suggested had mostly similar aetiology (genetic coefficient [ r G ]=0.91, 95% CI 0.83, 0.99), whereas there more evidence for separate set genes underlying =−0.74, 0.66, 0.82). significantly positively genetically correlated most traits diseases examined, adiposity anthropometric-related winsorisation strategy best terms locus detection, number independent significant associations p <5×10 −8 ) increasing 120 variants 94 270 178 loci, 27 25 been identified This included novel low-frequency missense variant ABCC8 gene, gene known be involved congenital hyperinsulinism, MODY, estimated responsible 170 g increase amongst carriers. Conclusions/interpretation Our results underscore importance genesis phenotypic diseases. Graphical

Language: Английский

Citations

0