Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
124(2), P. 318 - 419
Published: Dec. 6, 2023
Flexible
electronics
have
recently
gained
considerable
attention
due
to
their
potential
provide
new
and
innovative
solutions
a
wide
range
of
challenges
in
various
electronic
fields.
These
require
specific
material
properties
performance
because
they
need
be
integrated
into
variety
surfaces
or
folded
rolled
for
newly
formatted
electronics.
Two-dimensional
(2D)
materials
emerged
as
promising
candidates
flexible
unique
mechanical,
electrical,
optical
properties,
well
compatibility
with
other
materials,
enabling
the
creation
devices.
This
article
provides
comprehensive
review
progress
made
developing
devices
using
2D
materials.
In
addition,
it
highlights
key
aspects
scalable
production,
device
fabrication
processes
applications,
along
important
examples
demonstrations
that
achieved
breakthroughs
wearable
applications.
Finally,
we
discuss
opportunities,
current
challenges,
solutions,
future
investigative
directions
about
this
field.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
124(4), P. 1535 - 1648
Published: Feb. 19, 2024
Over
the
years,
researchers
have
made
significant
strides
in
development
of
novel
flexible/stretchable
and
conductive
materials,
enabling
creation
cutting-edge
electronic
devices
for
wearable
applications.
Among
these,
porous
textiles
(PCTs)
emerged
as
an
ideal
material
platform
electronics,
owing
to
their
light
weight,
flexibility,
permeability,
wearing
comfort.
This
Review
aims
present
a
comprehensive
overview
progress
state
art
utilizing
PCTs
design
fabrication
wide
variety
integrated
systems.
To
begin
with,
we
elucidate
how
revolutionize
form
factors
electronics.
We
then
discuss
preparation
strategies
PCTs,
terms
raw
processes,
key
properties.
Afterward,
provide
detailed
illustrations
are
used
basic
building
blocks
fabricate
intrinsically
flexible
or
stretchable
devices,
including
sensors,
actuators,
therapeutic
energy-harvesting
storage
displays.
further
describe
techniques
systems
either
by
hybridizing
conventional
off-the-shelf
rigid
components
with
integrating
multiple
fibrous
PCTs.
Subsequently,
highlight
some
important
application
scenarios
healthcare,
sports
training,
converging
technologies,
professional
specialists.
At
end
Review,
challenges
perspectives
on
future
research
directions
give
overall
conclusions.
As
demand
more
personalized
interconnected
continues
grow,
PCT-based
wearables
hold
immense
potential
redefine
landscape
technology
reshape
way
live,
work,
play.
Small,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19(44)
Published: July 2, 2023
Conductive
polymer
hydrogels
(CPHs)
are
widely
employed
in
emerging
flexible
electronic
devices
because
they
possess
both
the
electrical
conductivity
of
conductors
and
mechanical
properties
hydrogels.
However,
poor
compatibility
between
conductive
polymers
hydrogel
matrix,
as
well
swelling
behavior
humid
environments,
greatly
compromises
CPHs,
limiting
their
applications
wearable
devices.
Herein,
a
supramolecular
strategy
to
develop
strong
tough
CPH
with
excellent
anti-swelling
by
incorporating
hydrogen,
coordination
bonds,
cation-π
interactions
rigid
conducting
soft
matrix
is
reported.
Benefiting
from
effective
networks,
obtained
has
homogeneous
structural
integrity,
exhibiting
remarkable
tensile
strength
(1.63
MPa),
superior
elongation
at
break
(453%),
toughness
(5.5
MJ
m-3
).
As
strain
sensor,
possesses
high
(2.16
S
m-1
),
wide
linear
detection
range
(0-400%),
sensitivity
(gauge
factor
=
4.1),
sufficient
monitor
human
activities
different
windows.
Furthermore,
this
resistance
been
successfully
applied
underwater
sensors
for
monitoring
frog
swimming
communication.
These
results
reveal
new
possibilities
amphibious
sensors.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
33(31)
Published: April 25, 2023
Abstract
Advances
in
fabric
strain
sensors
have
established
a
route
to
comfortable‐to‐wear
flexible
electronics
with
particularly
remarkable
permeability
and
low
modulus
due
their
porous
microstructure.
A
key
challenge
that
remains
unsolved
is
regulate
the
sensor
response
via
on‐demand
design
for
variety
of
application
scenarios
sufficiently
exploit
highest
possible
sensitivity.
While
recent
reports
described
options
varying
material
orientation
overall
fiber
mat,
development
approaches
where
multiple
different
responses
can
be
integrated
on
single
substrate
without
affecting
macroscopic
mechanical
properties
an
area
continued
interest.
Herein,
simple
strategy
reported,
which
plates
patterned
functional
mat
at
pre‐stretched
state
prescribed
direction,
control
direction
prestrain
forms
either
or
strain‐insensitive
interconnects.
systematic
study
has
revealed
underlying
mechanism
this
strategy,
serve
as
guideline
fabrication
sensors.
Demonstration
applications
motion
monitoring
bandages
gesture
recognition
gloves
illustrate
capabilities
epidermal
sensing
devices.
Nano-Micro Letters,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Oct. 18, 2023
2D
MXene
(Ti3CNTx)
has
been
considered
as
the
most
promising
electrode
material
for
flexible
supercapacitors
owing
to
its
metallic
conductivity,
ultra-high
capacitance,
and
excellent
flexibility.
However,
it
suffers
from
a
severe
restacking
problem
during
fabrication
process,
limiting
ion
transport
kinetics
accessibility
of
ions
in
electrodes,
especially
direction
normal
surface.
Herein,
we
report
NH3-induced
situ
etching
strategy
fabricate
3D-interconnected
porous
MXene/carbon
dots
(p-MC)
films
high-performance
supercapacitor.
The
pre-intercalated
carbon
(CDs)
first
prevent
expose
more
inner
electrochemical
active
sites.
partially
decomposed
CDs
generate
NH3
nanosheets
toward
p-MC
films.
Benefiting
structural
merits
ionic
transmission
channels,
film
electrodes
achieve
gravimetric
capacitance
(688.9
F
g-1
at
2
A
g-1)
superior
rate
capability.
Moreover,
optimized
is
assembled
into
an
asymmetric
solid-state
supercapacitor
with
high
energy
density
cycling
stability,
demonstrating
great
promise
practical
applications.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
33(52)
Published: Sept. 15, 2023
Abstract
Conductive
hydrogels
are
compelling
materials
for
the
development
of
soft
electronics;
however,
their
essential
attributes
such
as
high
sensitivity,
excellent
stretchability,
and
environmental
stability
have
rarely
been
achieved
simultaneously
in
one
hydrogel.
Herein,
a
Kirigami‐inspired
strategy
is
proposed
to
improve
organohydrogel
sensitivity
without
sacrificing
mechanical
stretchability
.
The
organohydrogels
with
multiple
interpenetrating
networks
synthesized
by
introducing
sodium
alginate
nanofibrils
conductive
MXene
nanoflakes
into
polymer
double
infiltrated
glycerol–water
mixtures,
featuring
remarkable
(>5000%),
good
water
retention
(>30
days).
Kirigami
structures
further
applied
enhance
strain
achieving
gauge
factor
29.1,
which
≈5.5
times
that
an
unstructured
organohydrogel.
Using
sensors,
durable
glove
developed
grabbing
underwater
objects
through
operating
robotic
arm,
demonstrating
subaqueous
interactive
human–machine
interfacing.Meanwhile,
integrating
wearable
sensor
machine
learning
algorithm,
Morse
code
intelligent
recognition
system
demonstrated,
enabling
real‐time
conversion
signs
speech
superior
accuracy
(>99%)
fast
response
time
(≈17
ms).
This
work
offers
new
route
synthesize
highly
sensitive,
stretchable,
extremely
tolerant
organohydrogels,
providing
promising
platform
next‐generation
electronics.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
33(33)
Published: April 25, 2023
Abstract
Continuous
temperature
monitoring
by
flexible
hydrogel‐based
electronics
achieves
rapid
advances,
overcoming
the
drawbacks
of
rigid
and
unportable
thermocouples.
However,
an
open
question
is
whether
how
thermosensitive
hydrogel
designing
can
prevent
mechanical
mismatching
between
devices
skin‐tissues
reduces
interfacial
failure.
Herein,
a
versatile
thermistor
epidermal
sensor
(HTES)
paradigm
engineered
consisting
self‐adhesive
function
layer
(PEST)
in
tandem
with
surface
spraying
Ag
interdigital
electrode.
Leveraging
advantage
catechol
chemistry
inspired
tannic
acid‐coated
cellulose
nanocrystals,
resultant
PEST
adhesion‐cohesion
equilibrium
along
superior
thermosensitivity.
The
assembled
HTES
thereby
yields
unprecedented
features
thermosensitivity
(TCR
=
1.43%
°C
−1
),
exceptional
integrity
(hammering
200
cycles,
current
variation
<9%),
impressive
compatibility
(adhesion
strength,
25
kPa),
environmental
stability
(thermosensation
retention
98%
over
5
days).
By
in‐situ
microstructure
observation,
unique
geometrical
synchronization
arbitrary
curvilinear
surfaces
(e.g.,
sphere,
cone,
saddle)
stemming
from
elastic
dissipation
discrete
rupture
adhesive
fibrillar
bridges
validated,
affording
competitive
advantages
than
that
state‐of‐the‐art
for
alleviating
deterioration,
which
dramatically
inspires
advanced
design
strategies
paves
way
commercialization
attachable
electronics.
