Vaccines against Group B Coxsackieviruses and Their Importance

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 274 - 274

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

The group B coxsackieviruses (CVBs) exist in six serotypes (CVB1 to CVB6). Disease associations have been reported for most serotypes, and multiple can cause similar diseases. For example, CVB1, CVB3, CVB5 are generally implicated the causation of myocarditis, whereas CVB1 CVB4 could accelerate development type 1 diabetes (T1D). Yet, no vaccines against these viruses currently available. In this review, we analyzed attributes experimentally tested discussed their merits demerits or limitations, as well impact preventing infections, importantly myocarditis T1D.

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of second booster compared to first booster and protection conferred by previous SARS-CoV-2 infection against symptomatic Omicron BA.2 and BA.4/5 in France

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 41(17), P. 2754 - 2760

Published: March 21, 2023

In face of evidence rapid waning vaccine effectiveness against Omicron and its sub-lineages, a second booster with mRNA vaccines was recommended for the most vulnerable in France. We used test negative design to estimate relative first protection conferred by previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, symptomatic BA.2 or BA.4/5. included ≥60 years old individuals tested March 21-October 30, 2022. Compared 181-210 days booster, restored 41% [95%CI: 39-42%], 7-30 post-vaccination. This gain lower than one observed at equal time points since vaccination. High levels were associated especially when infection recent occurred an antigenic-related variant dominant.

Language: Английский

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Relative effectiveness of a heterologous booster dose with adenovirus type 5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine versus three doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in adults during a nationwide outbreak of omicron predominance, in China: a retrospective, individually matched cohort-control study

Emerging Microbes & Infections, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 28, 2024

Effectiveness of heterologous booster regimes with ad5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine in a large, diverse population during the national-scale outbreak SARS-CoV-2 omicron predominance China has not been reported, yet. We conducted large-scale cohort-control study six provinces China, and did retrospective survey on attack risk this outbreak. Participant aged ≥18 years five previous trials who were primed 1 to 3 doses ICV received either intramuscular or orally inhaled included heterologous-trial cohort. performed propensity score-matching at ratio 1:4 match participants cohort individually community individuals three-dose as control (ICV-community cohort). From February 4 April 10, 2023, 41504 (74.5%) 55710 completed survey. The median time since most recent vaccination onset symptoms was 303.0 days (IQR 293.0-322.0). rate 55.8%, while that ICV-community 64.6%, resulting relative effectiveness 13.7% (95% CI 11.9 15.3). In addition, higher against associated outpatient visits, admission hospital demonstrated, which 25.1% 18.9 30.9), 48.9% 27.0 64.2), respectively. still offered some additional protection preventing breakthrough infection versus homologous regimen ICV, 10 months after vaccination.

Language: Английский

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Impact in the humoral and cellular immune response to SARS-CoV-2 variants after primary vaccination with AZD1222/COVISHIELD protocol in healthy adults

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50, P. 126785 - 126785

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Structure and function of an unusual R452-dependent monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 8, 2025

ABSTRACT The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants is still a major public health concern worldwide. Currently, SARS-CoV-2 have been widely used to develop the updated vaccine. However, whether these mutated residues good immunogenicity remains elusive. In particular, we know little about what kind of antibodies can be induced infection or vaccination and their biological characteristics. Here, identified an R452-dependent monoclonal neutralizing antibody, ConD-852, from primarily Delta variant-infected individual, indicating that R452 residue has immunogenicity. We determined high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure ConD-852 complexed with receptor-binding domain (RBD), revealing how it binds R452-related epitopes detailed interactions. Interestingly, could only bind amino acid “R” at 452 position on RBD, displaying strict restriction recognize SARS-CoV-2. Overall, our findings regarding confirmed carrying L452R mutation enriched knowledge binding model involving antibody virus. IMPORTANCE Although update COVID-19 vaccine candidate, mutations unknown. This study demonstrates induce potent reports cryo-EM around RBD.

Language: Английский

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The 249RWMD spike protein insertion in Omicron BQ.1 subvariant compensates the 24LPP and 69HV deletions and may cause severe disease than BF.7 and XBB.1 subvariants

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

Abstract Alarming antibody evasion properties were documented for new BF, BQ and XBB Omicron subvariants. Most immune-drugs inactive neutralizing those COVID-19 subvariants viral titers exceptionally low as compared to deadly B.1.1.7, B.1.617.2 B.1.1.529 variants with D614G, N501Y L452R mutations in spike. The 91% nucleotides changes spike protein of BQ.1 resulted AA whereas only 52% AAs ORF1ab. N460K K444T may be important driving force immune-escape similar F486S N480K BA.2.75 subvariant related XBB.1 subvariant. Further, the R346T mutation found BA.4.6 BF.7, was regained BQ.1.1 BA.2.75.2 enhance immune escape infectivity (> 80%). F486V main drivers BA.2 conversion BA.4 BA.5 presence 69 HV deletion. Whereas 24 LPP deletion 3675 SGF ORF1ab all viruses including XBB.1. Interestingly, we about 211 sequences four amino acids ( 249 RWMD) insertion near RBD domain 215 EPE three BA.1 variant. Such first detected California extended Florida, Washington Michigan well other adjoining US states. An one acid 140 Y) also BA.4.6, BQ.1.5, BQ.1.8, BQ.1.14, BQ.1.1.5, AZ.3, BU.1, BW.1, CR.2, CP.1 CQ.1 but not BA.2.75, XBD, BQ.1, BQ.1.1, BQ.1.2, BQ.1.6, BQ.1.10, BQ.1.12, BQ.1.16, BQ.1.19, BQ.1.22, BQ.1.1.1, BQ.1.1.4, BQ.1.1.12 BK.1, BN.1, BM.1.1.1, BR.2, CA.1, CD.2, CH.1.1 Thus, compensated deletions would more infectious than BF.7 even there a 26nt 3’-UTR. R341T change BQ.1.1.1 might no RWMD insertion.

Language: Английский

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Impact on the time elapsed since SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination history, and number of doses, on protection against reinfection

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 reinfections have been frequent, even among those vaccinated. The aim of this study is to know if hybrid immunity (infection + vaccination) affected by the moment vaccination and number doses received. We conducted a retrospective in 746 patients with history COVID-19 reinfection recovered dates infection status (date doses). To assess differences time reinfection(t RI ) between unvaccinated, vaccinated before 6 months, later; comparing one, two or three (incomplete, complete booster regime) we performed log-rank test cumulative incidence calculated as 1 minus Kaplan–Meier estimator. Also, an adjusted Cox-regression was evaluate risk all groups. t significantly higher vs. non-vaccinated (p < 0.001). However, early incomplete regime protects similar than not receiving vaccine. Vaccination months after showed lower compared later same (adj-p Actually, regimes provided length protection vaccinating regime, respectively. increases it takes for person become reinfected SARS-CoV-2. Increasing from which could be reduces reinfection, especially regimes. Those results emphasize role vaccines boosters during pandemic can guide strategies on future policy.

Language: Английский

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Three in one: An effective and universal vaccine expressing heterologous tandem RBD trimer by rabies virus vector protects mice against SARS-CoV-2

Antiviral Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 227, P. 105905 - 105905

Published: May 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Humoral and cellular immune responses following Omicron BA.2.2 breakthrough infection and Omicron BA.5 reinfection

iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(7), P. 110283 - 110283

Published: June 15, 2024

The emergence of novel Omicron subvariants has raised concerns regarding the efficacy immunity induced by prior breakthrough infection (BTI) or reinfection against current circulating subvariants. Here, we prospectively investigated durability antibody and T cell responses in individuals post BA.2.2 BTI, with without subsequent BA.5 reinfection. Our findings reveal that emerging subvariants, including CH.1.1, XBB, JN.1, exhibit extensive immune evasion previous infections. Notably, level IgG neutralizing antibodies were found to correlate Fortunately, recognizing both BA.2 CH.1.1 peptides observed. Furthermore, may alleviate imprinting WT-vaccination, bolster virus-specific ICS

Language: Английский

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Immunodominant antibody responses directed to SARS-CoV-2 hotspot mutation sites and risk of immune escape

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Introduction Considering the likely need for development of novel effective vaccines adapted to emerging relevant CoV-2 variants, increasing knowledge epitope recognition profile among convalescents and afterwards vaccinated with identification immunodominant regions may provide important information. Methods We used an RBD peptide microarray identify IgG IgA binding in serum 71 COVID-19 18 individuals. Results found a set antibody epitopes, each recognized by more than 30% tested cohort, that differ two different groups are within conserved betacoronavirus. Of those, only one peptide, P44 (S415-429), 68% convalescents, presented reactivity positively correlated nAb titers, suggesting this is region potential target IgG/IgA neutralizing activity. Discussion This localized area contact ACE-2 harbors mutation hotspot site K417 present gamma (K417T), beta (K417N), omicron (K417N) variants concern. The individuals differed from diverse repertoire peptides, cohort. Noteworthy, coincide sites at Omicron BA.1, variant after massive vaccination. Together, our data show immune pressure induced dominant responses favor selection capable evading humoral response.

Language: Английский

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