The Ocular Surface,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
The
integrity
of
corneal
nerves
is
critical
for
ocular
surface
health,
and
damages
can
lead
to
Neurotrophic
Keratopathy
(NK).
Despite
the
regenerative
abilities
peripheral
nerve
system
(PNS),
regeneration
often
incomplete,
underlying
mechanisms
are
poorly
understood.
This
study
aims
identify
potential
factors
that
enhance
NK
treatment,
with
a
focus
on
Lysophosphatidic
acid
(LPA).
Thus,
effect
LPA
its
pathways
in
investigated
detail
using
vitro
mouse
sensory
neurons.
To
elucidate
impact
as
well
reveal
responsible
receptor,
several
functional
assays
siRNA-based
knock-down
experiments
were
conducted.
Additionally,
possible
changes
mRNA
levels.
LPA-treated
neurons
significantly
reduced
fiber
growth.
However,
LPAR2
knockdown
(Lpar2-KD)
following
treatment
showed
significant
increase
length.
demonstrated
enhanced
levels
Lpar2
mRNA.
On
other
hand,
indicators
such
Ngf,
Gap-43,
Cdc42,
along
downstream
signaling
components
like
Pi3k
Ras,
elevated
Lpar2-KD
In
conclusion,
this
elucidates
inhibitory
effects
outgrowth
Furthermore,
was
identified
receptor
effect.
might
be
promising
therapeutic
approach
neuronal
patients
NK.
Pharmaceuticals,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(10), P. 1261 - 1261
Published: Sept. 25, 2024
Glaucoma
is
a
major
global
health
concern
and
the
leading
cause
of
irreversible
blindness
worldwide,
characterized
by
progressive
degeneration
retinal
ganglion
cells
(RGCs)
their
axons.
This
review
focuses
on
need
for
neuroprotective
strategies
in
glaucoma
management,
addressing
limitations
current
treatments
that
primarily
target
intraocular
pressure
(IOP)
reduction.
Despite
effective
IOP
many
patients
continue
to
experience
RGC
degeneration,
blindness.
provides
an
overview
both
pharmacological
interventions
emerging
technologies
aimed
at
directly
protecting
RGCs
optic
nerve,
independent
Pharmacological
agents
such
as
brimonidine,
neurotrophic
factors,
memantine,
Ginkgo
biloba
extract,
citicoline,
nicotinamide,
insulin,
resveratrol
show
promise
preclinical
early
clinical
studies
properties.
Emerging
technologies,
including
stem
cell
therapy,
gene
mitochondrial-targeted
therapies,
nanotechnologies,
offer
innovative
approaches
neuroprotection
regeneration
damaged
RGCs.
While
these
hold
significant
potential,
further
research
trials
are
necessary
confirm
efficacy
establish
role
practice.
highlights
multifaceted
nature
glaucoma,
aiming
guide
future
practice
toward
more
management
glaucoma-induced
neurodegeneration.
Current Issues in Molecular Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
47(1), P. 28 - 28
Published: Jan. 4, 2025
The
streptozotocin-induced
rat
model
of
diabetic
retinopathy
presents
similarities
to
the
disease
observed
in
humans.
After
four
weeks
following
induction
diabetes,
rats
experience
vision
impairment.
During
this
crucial
four-week
period,
significant
changes
occur,
with
vascular
damage
standing
out
as
a
clinically
factor,
alongside
neovascularization.
While
redox
imbalance,
activation
microglia,
secretion
pro-inflammatory
cytokines,
and
neuronal
cell
death
are
also
observed,
latter
remains
an
emerging
hypothesis
requiring
further
exploration.
This
review
is
comprehensive
up-to-date
chronological
depiction
progression
within
initial
hyperglycemia,
which
precede
onset
loss.
data
structured
weekly
changes.
In
first
week,
oxidative
stress
triggers
retinal
produces
inflammation,
leading
altered
neurotransmission.
second
week
characterized
by
leukostasis,
promotes
ischemia,
while
neural
degeneration
begins
accompanied
simultaneous
increase
vessel
permeability.
inflammatory
imbalances
third
week.
Finally,
fourth
developments
occur
vessels
dilate
become
tortuous,
neovascularization
develops,
thickness
diminishes,
ultimately
Through
clearly
outline,
aims
delineate
framework
for
retinopathy.
Inherited
retinal
degenerations
(IRDs)
constitute
a
group
of
clinically
and
genetically
diverse
vision-impairing
disorders.
Retinitis
pigmentosa
(RP),
the
most
common
form
IRD,
is
characterized
by
gradual
dysfunction
degeneration
rod
photoreceptors,
followed
loss
cone
photoreceptors.
Recently,
we
identified
reserpine
as
lead
molecule
for
maintaining
survival
in
mouse
human
organoids
well
rd16
mouse,
which
phenocopy
Leber
congenital
amaurosis
caused
mutations
cilia-centrosomal
gene
CEP290
(Chen
et
al.
eLife
2023;12:e83205.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.83205).
Here,
show
therapeutic
potential
rhodopsin
P23H
rat
model
autosomal
dominant
RP.
At
postnatal
day
(P)
68,
when
males
females
are
analyzed
together,
reserpine-treated
rats
exhibit
higher
rod-derived
scotopic
b-wave
amplitudes
compared
to
controls
with
little
or
no
change
a-wave
cone-derived
photopic
b-wave.
Interestingly,
female
display
enhanced
a-
b-waves
responses
at
P68,
along
better
contrast
threshold
increased
outer
nuclear
layer
thickness.
The
demonstrate
preservation
both
photoreceptors
following
treatment.
Retinal
transcriptome
analysis
reveals
sex-specific
reserpine,
significant
upregulation
phototransduction
genes
proteostasis-related
pathways,
notably,
associated
stress
response.
This
study
builds
upon
our
previously
reported
results
reaffirming
gene-agnostic
treatment
IRDs
emphasizes
importance
biological
sex
disease
research
therapy
development.
Inherited
retinal
degenerations
(IRDs)
constitute
a
group
of
clinically
and
genetically
diverse
vision-impairing
disorders.
Retinitis
pigmentosa
(RP),
the
most
common
form
IRD,
is
characterized
by
gradual
dysfunction
degeneration
rod
photoreceptors,
followed
loss
cone
photoreceptors.
Recently,
we
identified
reserpine
as
lead
molecule
for
maintaining
survival
in
mouse
human
organoids
well
rd16
mouse,
which
phenocopy
Leber
congenital
amaurosis
caused
mutations
cilia-centrosomal
gene
CEP290
(Chen
et
al.,
2023).
Here,
show
therapeutic
potential
rhodopsin
P23H
rat
model
autosomal
dominant
RP.
At
postnatal
day
(P)
68,
when
males
females
are
analyzed
together,
reserpine-treated
rats
exhibit
higher
rod-derived
scotopic
b-wave
amplitudes
compared
to
controls
with
little
or
no
change
a-wave
cone-derived
photopic
b-wave.
Interestingly,
female
display
enhanced
a-
b-waves
responses
at
P68,
along
better
contrast
threshold
increased
outer
nuclear
layer
thickness.
The
demonstrate
preservation
both
photoreceptors
following
treatment.
Retinal
transcriptome
analysis
reveals
sex-specific
reserpine,
significant
upregulation
phototransduction
genes
proteostasis-related
pathways,
notably,
associated
stress
response.
This
study
builds
upon
our
previously
reported
results
reaffirming
gene-agnostic
treatment
IRDs
emphasizes
importance
biological
sex
disease
research
therapy
development.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(2), P. 365 - 365
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
Eye
diseases
can
significantly
affect
the
quality
of
life
patients
due
to
decreased
visual
acuity.
Although
modern
ophthalmological
diagnostic
methods
exist,
some
system
are
asymptomatic
in
early
stages.
Most
seek
advice
from
an
ophthalmologist
as
a
result
rapidly
progressive
manifestation
symptoms.
A
number
inherited
and
acquired
eye
have
only
supportive
treatment
without
eliminating
etiologic
factor.
promising
solution
this
problem
may
be
gene
therapy,
which
has
proven
efficacy
safety
shown
clinical
studies.
By
directly
altering
or
replacing
defective
genes,
therapeutic
approach
will
stop
well
reverse
progression
diseases.
This
review
examines
concept
therapy
its
application
field
ocular
pathologies,
emphasizing
most
recent
scientific
advances
their
potential
impacts
on
function
status.
Inherited
retinal
degenerations
(IRDs)
constitute
a
group
of
clinically
and
genetically
diverse
vision-impairing
disorders.
Retinitis
pigmentosa
(RP),
the
most
common
form
IRD,
is
characterized
by
gradual
dysfunction
degeneration
rod
photoreceptors,
followed
loss
cone
photoreceptors.
Recently,
we
identified
reserpine
as
lead
molecule
for
maintaining
survival
in
mouse
human
organoids
well
rd16
mouse,
which
phenocopy
Leber
congenital
amaurosis
caused
mutations
cilia-centrosomal
gene
CEP290
(Chen
et
al.,
2023).
Here,
show
therapeutic
potential
rhodopsin
P23H
rat
model
autosomal
dominant
RP.
At
postnatal
day
(P)
68,
when
males
females
are
analyzed
together,
reserpine-treated
rats
exhibit
higher
rod-derived
scotopic
b-wave
amplitudes
compared
to
controls
with
little
or
no
change
a-wave
cone-derived
photopic
b-wave.
Interestingly,
female
display
enhanced
a-
b-waves
responses
at
P68,
along
better
contrast
threshold
increased
outer
nuclear
layer
thickness.
The
demonstrate
preservation
both
photoreceptors
following
treatment.
Retinal
transcriptome
analysis
reveals
sex-specific
reserpine,
significant
upregulation
phototransduction
genes
proteostasis-related
pathways,
notably,
associated
stress
response.
This
study
builds
upon
our
previously
reported
results
reaffirming
gene-agnostic
treatment
IRDs
emphasizes
importance
biological
sex
disease
research
therapy
development.
Inherited
retinal
degenerations
(IRDs)
constitute
a
group
of
clinically
and
genetically
diverse
vision-impairing
disorders.
Retinitis
pigmentosa
(RP),
the
most
common
form
IRD,
is
characterized
by
gradual
dysfunction
degeneration
rod
photoreceptors,
followed
loss
cone
photoreceptors.
Recently,
we
identified
reserpine
as
lead
molecule
for
maintaining
survival
in
mouse
human
organoids
well
rd16
mouse,
which
phenocopy
Leber
congenital
amaurosis
caused
mutations
cilia-centrosomal
gene
CEP290
(Chen
et
al.,
2023).
Here,
show
therapeutic
potential
rhodopsin
P23H
rat
model
autosomal
dominant
RP.
At
postnatal
day
(P)
68,
when
males
females
are
analyzed
together,
reserpine-treated
rats
exhibit
higher
rod-derived
scotopic
b-wave
amplitudes
compared
to
controls
with
little
or
no
change
a-wave
cone-derived
photopic
b-wave.
Interestingly,
female
display
enhanced
a-
b-waves
responses
at
P68,
along
better
contrast
threshold
increased
outer
nuclear
layer
thickness.
The
demonstrate
preservation
both
photoreceptors
following
treatment.
Retinal
transcriptome
analysis
reveals
sex-specific
reserpine,
significant
upregulation
phototransduction
genes
proteostasis-related
pathways,
notably,
associated
stress
response.
This
study
builds
upon
our
previously
reported
results
reaffirming
gene-agnostic
treatment
IRDs
emphasizes
importance
biological
sex
disease
research
therapy
development.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 20, 2025
Abstract
Synaptic
neurotransmission
is
a
critical
hallmark
of
brain
activity
and
one
the
first
processes
to
be
affected
in
neural
diseases.
Monitoring
this
process,
particular
synaptic
vesicle
recycling,
living
cells
has
been
instrumental
unraveling
mechanisms
responsible
for
neurotransmitter
release.
However,
currently
available
reporters
suffer
from
major
limitations
such
large
probe
size
or
lack
suitability
human
neurons,
hampering
understanding
pathophysiology.
Here
we
describe
NbLumSyt1
toolkit,
panel
nanobody-based
affinity
probes
targeting
luminal
domain
protein
Synaptotagmin
1
(Syt1).
These
new
tools
enable
quantitative,
non-invasive
imaging
functional
interrogation
transmission
with
unprecedented
precision,
versatility
cost
efficiency,
technologies
ranging
fixed-and
live-cell
super-resolution
electron
microscopy
mass
spectrometry.
Overall,
nanobinders
provide
valuable
platform
physiology
pathophysiology,
benefiting
fundamental
neuroscience
translational
efforts
study
develop
treatments
brain-related
disorders.
