A Low-Temperature Poly-Silicon Thin Film Transistor Pixel Circuit for Active-Matrix Simultaneous Neurostimulation

IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 695 - 699

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

This work reports a novel low-temperature polysilicon thin-film-transistor-based pixel circuit for active-matrix neurostimulation. The consists of four transistors and one capacitor (4T1C) programmable current-mode stimulation, which are designed storing stimulation intensity information, simultaneously stimulating large number channels, discharging electrodes. Due to the high mobility low threshold voltages devices, fabricated occupies area 200 × μm, delivers current 147 μA, sufficient stimulate neuron. turn-on resistance transistor is below 6 kΩ, be used as switches bioelectronic applications. By employing switch transistor, accumulated charges on electrodes were released, electrode voltage was reduced 0.08 V, thus mitigating corrosion. We demonstrated that two circuits at different rows columns can output stimuli without noticeable delay. shows potential scale up an neurostimulation system with channel count.

Language: Английский

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Subthalamic deep brain stimulation alleviates motor symptoms without restoring deficits in corticospinal suppression during movement preparation in Parkinson’s disease

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 6, 2023

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients exhibit alterations in neurophysiological mechanisms underlying movement preparation, especially the suppression of corticospinal excitability – called “preparatory suppression” considered to propel execution by increasing motor neural gain healthy individuals. Objective Deep brain stimulation (DBS) subthalamic nucleus (STN) being an attractive treatment for advanced PD, we aimed investigate potential contribution this PD-related changes such dynamics. Methods On two consecutive days, applied single-pulse transcranial magnetic over both primary cortices 20 PD treated with bilateral STN-DBS (ON vs. OFF), as well control subjects. Motor-evoked potentials were elicited at rest or during a left- right-hand response preparation instructed-delay choice reaction time task. Preparatory was assessed expressing amplitudes evoked relative rest. Results Advanced exhibited deficit limited responding hand (especially most-affected), independently STN-DBS. Significant links between preparatory and clinical variables found least-affected hands only. Conclusion Our study provides evidence altered dynamics Consistent results earlier-stage patients, deficits most pronounced on most-affected side. did not restore abnormality, which warrants further investigations into possible neuroanatomical sources suppression, necessary understand consistent lack mechanism patients.

Language: Английский

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Hijacking a dedicated entorhinal-hippocampal extinction circuit to remove traumatic memory

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 14, 2024

Abstract Effective psychotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains challenging due to the fragile nature fear extinction, for which ventral hippocampal CA1 (vCA1) region is considered as a central hub. However, neither core pathway nor cellular mechanisms involved in implementing extinction are known. Here, we unveil direct pathway, where layer 2a fan cells lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) target parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs) vCA1 propel low gamma-band synchronization LEC-vCA1 activity during learning. Bidirectional manipulations either PV-INs or LEC suffice extinction. Gamma entrainment by deep brain stimulation (DBS) noninvasive transcranial alternating current (tACS) persistently enhances PV-IN vCA1, thereby promoting These results demonstrate that forms top-down motif empower oscillations facilitate Finally, application gamma DBS and tACS mouse model with persistent PTSD shows potent efficacy, suggesting dedicated can be hijacked therapy remove traumatic memory trace. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Interleaved single and bursting spiking resonance in neurons

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 28, 2024

Abstract Under in vivo conditions, CA1 pyramidal cells from the hippocampus display transitions single spikes to bursts. It is believed that subthreshold hyperpolarization and depolarization, also known as down up-states, play a pivotal role these transitions. Nevertheless, central impediment correlating suprathreshold (spiking) activity has been technical difficulties of this type recordings, even with widely used calcium imaging or multielectrode recordings. Recent work using voltage genetically encoded indicators able correlate spiking patterns variety neurons, recent computational models have capture In work, we model cell investigate intrinsic conductances oscillatory generating up-states their modulation transition bursting. Specifically, emergence distinct resonances between two modes share same traces presence theta gamma inputs, phenomenon call interleaved bursting resonance. We noticed do not necessarily overlap frequency amplitude, underscoring relevance for providing flexibility neural processing. studied conductance values three current types are thought be critical behavior: persistent sodium ( I NaP ) its G , delayed rectifier potassium KDR hyperpolarization-activated h . conclude intricate interplay ionic currents significantly influences neuronal firing patterns, transitioning burst during sustained depolarization. intermediate levels facilitate resonance at inputs. The characteristics vary modes, each displaying amplitudes resonant frequencies. Furthermore, low high lock frequencies, while Lastly, duration quiet intervals plays crucial determining likelihood either modes. confirmed features were present previously recorded voltage-imaging data. Understanding dynamics provides valuable insights into fundamental mechanisms underlying excitability under conditions. Author summary Since discovering neurons can encode spatial position through phase precession, many experiments explored how specific oscillations influence location specificity brain. However, individual properties behind behaviors still being uncovered. Previously, found stereotypical single-spike linked further associated an animal entering leaving place field. Advances techniques enabled us assess more precisely. Our study shows different frequencies independently trigger spikes, demonstrating complex pattern where double-coded: called Additionally, coding modulated by delayed-rectifier currents. Moreover, likely following long periods silence. These findings provide new it relates behavior.

Language: Английский

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Beta-frequency sensory stimulation enhances gait rhythmicity through strengthened coupling between striatal networks and stepping movement

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 8, 2024

Abstract Stepping movement is delta (1-4 Hz) rhythmic and depends on sensory inputs. In addition to rhythms, beta (10-30 frequency dynamics are also prominent in the motor circuits coupled neuronal rhythms both at network cellular levels. Since broadly supported by cortical subcortical sensorimotor circuits, we explore how beta-frequency stimulation influences delta-rhythmic stepping movement, dorsal striatal circuit regulation of stepping. We delivered audiovisual 10 Hz or 145 mice voluntarily locomoting, while simultaneously recording calcium local field potentials (LFPs). found that Hz, but not prominently entrained LFPs. Even though frequencies promoted locomotion desynchronized network, only enhanced rhythmicity strengthened coupling between LFP oscillations. These results demonstrate higher can modulate lower neural improve rhythmicity, highlighting translational potential non-invasive for improving gait.

Language: Английский

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