Pervasive tandem duplications and convergent evolution shape coral genomes

Genome biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: June 1, 2023

Over the last decade, several coral genomes have been sequenced allowing a better understanding of these symbiotic organisms threatened by climate change. Scleractinian corals are reef builders and central to ecosystems, providing habitat great diversity species.In frame Tara Pacific expedition, we assemble two genomes, Porites lobata Pocillopora cf. effusa, with vastly improved contiguity that allows us study functional organization genomes. We annotate their gene catalog report relatively higher number than found in other public genome sequences, 43,000 32,000 genes, respectively. This finding is explained high tandemly duplicated accounting for almost third predicted genes. show genes originate from multiple distinct duplication events throughout lineage. They contribute amplification families, mostly related immune system disease resistance, which suggest be functionally linked host resilience.At large, importance inform biology reef-building provide novel avenues understand screen differences stress resilience.

Language: Английский

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Gene expression plasticity facilitates acclimatization of a long-lived Caribbean coral across divergent reef environments

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 3, 2024

Local adaptation can increase fitness under stable environmental conditions. However, in rapidly changing environments, compensatory mechanisms enabled through plasticity may better promote fitness. Climate change is causing devastating impacts on coral reefs globally and understanding the potential for adaptive plastic responses critical reef management. We conducted a four-year, three-way reciprocal transplant of Caribbean Siderastrea siderea across forereef, backreef, nearshore populations Belize to investigate specialization versus this species. Corals maintained high survival within forereef backreef but transplantation environments resulted mortality, suggesting that present strong selection. Only forereef-sourced corals demonstrated evidence specialization, exhibiting highest growth forereef. Gene expression profiling 3.5 years post-transplantation revealed transplanted hosts exhibited profiles more similar other same environment, regardless their source location, transcriptome facilitates acclimatization S. siderea. In contrast, algal symbiont (Cladocopium goreaui) gene showcased functional variation between locations was post-transplantation. Our findings suggest limited acclimatory capacity some selection highlight limits physiological restoration.

Language: Английский

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Proteomic insights into the environmental adaptation of the subtropical brain coral host Platygyra carnosa

iScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 112287 - 112287

Published: March 1, 2025

Despite the rapid coral reef decline from climate change, molecular dynamics underlying environmental responses remain elusive. Filling this gap is vital to conservation. Here, we investigated seasonal proteomes of Platygyra carnosa, a stress-tolerant subtropical brain coral, using natural samples across wet and dry seasons with distinct conditions. Over 5,000 host proteins were profiled, revealing co-regulated modules related temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, turbidity. Importantly, these formed scale-free networks coordinated by hub that are strongly correlated drivers, suggesting their key roles in adaptation. Laboratory validation confirmed temperature-responsive proteins, including HSP90B1 HSPA5 modulate stress response protein homeostasis. Our study characterized proteome unprecedented depth, It sets stage for proteome-based approaches promoting resilience, leading more informed conservation restoration efforts.

Language: Английский

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Insights and achievements from the Tara Pacific expedition

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: June 1, 2023

The Tara Pacific program and expedition focused on coral reefs across the Ocean used a coordinated sampling effort to address questions at multiple scales using common suite of samples. Here, we highlight some achievements, discussing benefits long-duration sea expeditions for investigating wide array research within selected ecosystem.

Language: Английский

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Telomere DNA length regulation is influenced by seasonal temperature differences in short-lived but not in long-lived reef-building corals

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: June 1, 2023

Abstract Telomeres are environment-sensitive regulators of health and aging. Here,we present telomere DNA length analysis two reef-building coral genera revealing that the long- short-term water thermal regime is a key driver between-colony variation across Pacific Ocean. Notably, there differences between studied genera. The lengths short-lived, more stress-sensitive Pocillopora spp. colonies were largely determined by seasonal temperature variation, whereas those long-lived, stress-resistant Porites insensitive to patterns, but rather influenced past anomalies. These results reveal marked in regulation evolutionary distant exhibiting specific life-history traits. We propose environmentally regulated mechanisms maintenance linked organismal performances, matter paramount importance considering effects climate change on health.

Language: Английский

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Latitudinal variation in thermal performance of the common coral, Pocillopora spp

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 227(11)

Published: May 3, 2024

Understanding how tropical corals respond to temperatures is important evaluating their capacity persist in a warmer future. We studied the common Pacific coral Pocillopora over 44° of latitude, and used populations at three islands with different thermal regimes compare responses temperature using performance curves (TPCs) for respiration gross photosynthesis. Corals were sampled local autumn from Moorea, Guam Okinawa, where mean±s.d. annual seawater 28.0±0.9°C, 28.9±0.7°C 25.1±3.4°C, respectively. TPCs similar among latitudes, optimum (Topt) was above maximum all islands, lowest Okinawa. photosynthesis wider, implying greater eurytopy, higher Topt Moorea versus but daily 13% year Okinawa 53% Guam. There variation than or which translated large supply metabolic energy photosynthetically fixed carbon latitudes. Despite these trends, differences spp. not profoundly across reducing likelihood that could better match phenotypes future more extreme through migration. Any such response would place premium on high plasticity tolerance seasonal variations budgets.

Language: Английский

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Symbiodiniaceae diversity in Pocillopora corals in different environments of the Colombian Eastern Pacific: symbiont specificity in spite of coral-host flexibility

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(6), P. 1581 - 1597

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

Abstract Reef-building corals live in close mutualism with dinoflagellate algae (family Symbiodiniaceae), which play key roles coral physiological performance and survival. Association patterns between host species endosymbiont their significance are still not fully understood, but they seem to affect the ability of hosts inhabit different environments resilience climate change. In this work, we used next-generation sequencing Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 region ribosomal DNA determine diversity composition Symbiodiniaceae community Pocillopora from Colombia, Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP). We sampled 243 colonies four localities characterized by distinct sea surface temperature, turbidity, proximity coast. Two genera Symbiodiniaceae, Durusdinium Cladocopium were found associated mitochondrial Open Reading Frame (mtORF) types. latusorum was highly specific mtORF type 1, while C. pacificum exclusively 3. contrast, glynnii both Furthermore, a -dominated symbiont occurred cooler less turbid localities, Durusdinium- dominated high temperature water irrespective type. These results suggest that lineages associate response local environmental conditions. The partner under particular conditions ( - combination), also maintain partnership types) may be understanding genus on ETP reefs.

Language: Английский

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Interspecies differences in the transcriptome response of corals to acute heat stress

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. e18627 - e18627

Published: Dec. 10, 2024

Rising sea surface temperatures threaten the survival of corals worldwide, with coral bleaching events becoming more commonplace. However, different species are known to exhibit variable levels susceptibility thermal stress. To elucidate genetic mechanisms that may underlie these differences, we compared gene repertoire four species, Favites colemani, Montipora digitata , Acropora digitifera and Seriatopora caliendrum were previously demonstrated have differing responses acute We found tolerant like F. colemani M. possess a greater abundance antioxidant protein families chaperones. Under stress conditions, only S. showed significant response, which was accompanied by activation DNA damage response network drastic upregulation genes (SRGs). This suggests differences in SRG orthologs, as well control expression contribute ability maintain stability physiological functions required survive shifts seawater temperature.

Language: Английский

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Transcriptome characterization of Pocillopora grandis transplanted into reefs with different health conditions: potential stress indicators at the holobiont level

Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 52(1), P. 119 - 149

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Understanding the potential of coral to adapt environmental stressors that cause bleaching is urgent. The molecular responses holobiont such stress conditions determine success symbiosis. Therefore, by characterizing at level, we can develop better tools diagnose its health and resilience. However, only some genomic-scale resources are available for reefbuilding corals from Eastern Tropical Pacific. This study aimed perform a transcriptomic characterization Pocillopora grandis following transplantation into environments with different in Colima, Mexico. Healthy specimens two color morphotypes (green brown) were collected Carrizales, reef good condition. Coral fragments relocated within source location (local transplant stress). In contrast, similar translocated another poorer state, La Boquita. After 24 h, transplanted collected, RNA-seq was performed Illumina system. De novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation, identification co-expression modules, enrichment analysis pathways performed. rRNA LSU, SSU, COI sequences confirmed species, whereas Rubisco, psbA, psaA transcripts revealed dominant endosymbiont Durusdinium sp. Gene expression patterns observed across samples suggest state affected processes as photosynthesis, calcium homeostasis, immune response. indicators proposed here valuable further studies examining adaptation global changes.

Language: Английский

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Contaminant or goldmine? In silico assessment of Symbiodiniaceae community using coral hologenomes

Frontiers in Protistology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: April 2, 2024

Endosymbiotic dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae are symbionts essential to corals and other marine organisms. A coral holobiont consists host, Symbiodiniaceae, microbes that together sustain overall productivity health. Coral hologenome data, generated from all interacting components a holobiont, key for elucidating molecular mechanisms underpin resilience changing environments. Although data often dominated by host genomic sequences, they provide an avenue recovering sequences in hospite . Here, we review recent advances approaches assessing community diversity data. Using case study based on existing datasets Acropora kenti coral, highlight how large numbers can useful analysis platform their function holobionts.

Language: Английский

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