Studying bats using a One Health lens: bridging the gap between bat virology and disease ecology DOI
Victoria Gonzalez, Arianna M. Hurtado-Monzón,

Sabrina O'Krafka

et al.

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 5, 2024

ABSTRACT Accumulating data suggest that some bat species host emerging viruses are highly pathogenic in humans and agricultural animals. Laboratory-based studies have highlighted important adaptations immune systems allow them to better tolerate viral infections compared humans. Simultaneously, ecological discovered critical extrinsic factors, such as nutritional stress, correlate with virus shedding wild-caught bats. Despite progress independently understanding the role of bats reservoirs viruses, there remains a significant gap molecular factors drive spillover from Driven by collective goal bridging between fields virology, immunology, disease ecology, we hosted satellite symposium at 2024 American Society for Virology meeting. Bringing together virologists, immunologists, ecologists, discussed intrinsic receptor engagement, adaptive immunity, ecology influence hosts. This article summarizes topics during emphasizes need interdisciplinary collaborations resource sharing.

Language: Английский

Phenotypic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 spike during the COVID-19 pandemic DOI Creative Commons
Wilhelm Furnon, Vanessa M. Cowton, Giuditta De Lorenzo

et al.

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 variants are mainly defined by mutations in their spike. It is therefore critical to understand how the evolutionary trajectories of spike affect virus phenotypes. So far, it has been challenging comprehensively compare many spikes that emerged during pandemic a single experimental platform. Here we generated panel recombinant viruses carrying different proteins from 27 circulating between 2020 and 2024 same genomic background. We then assessed several phenotypic traits both vitro vivo. found distinct among before after emergence Omicron variants. Spike post-Omicron maintained enhanced tropism for nasal epithelium large airways but displayed, over time, typical pre-Omicron Hence, with features pre- may continue emerge future.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
SARS-CoV-2 serotyping based on spike antigenicity and its implications for host immune evasion DOI

Wenjing Ruan,

Pengyue Gao, Xiao Qu

et al.

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 114, P. 105634 - 105634

Published: March 12, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Nonhuman primate antigenic cartography of SARS-CoV-2 DOI Creative Commons
Annika Rössler, Antonia Netzl, Ninaad Lasrado

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 115140 - 115140

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A bivalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccine elicited broad immune responses and protection against Omicron subvariants infection DOI Creative Commons
Jun Liu, Li Wang, Alexandra Kurtesi

et al.

npj Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Abstract Continuously emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants pose a threat thwarting the effectiveness of approved COVID-19 vaccines. Especially, protection breadth and degree these vaccines against antigenically distant is unclear. Here, we report immunogenicity efficacy bivalent mRNA vaccine, PTX-COVID19-M1.2 (M1.2), which encodes native spike proteins from Wuhan-Hu-1 (D614G) BA.2.12.1, in mouse hamster models. Both primary series booster vaccination using M1.2 elicited potent broad nAbs some subvariants. Strong spike-specific T cell responses subvariants, including JN.1, were also induced. Vaccination with protected animals multiple challenges. Interestingly, XBB.1.5 lung infection did not correlate nAb levels. These results indicate that generated broadly protective immune response cells probably contributed to protection.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Mucosal adenovirus vaccine boosting elicits IgA and durably prevents XBB.1.16 infection in nonhuman primates DOI Creative Commons
Matthew Gagné, Barbara J. Flynn, Shayne F. Andrew

et al.

Nature Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 1913 - 1927

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

Abstract A mucosal route of vaccination could prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication at the site infection and limit transmission. We compared protection against heterologous XBB.1.16 challenge in nonhuman primates (NHPs) ~5 months following intramuscular boosting with bivalent mRNA encoding WA1 BA.5 spike proteins or a WA1–BA.5 chimpanzee adenoviral-vectored vaccine delivered by intranasal aerosol device. NHPs boosted either had minimal virus nose lungs, respectively. By contrast, was limited to lower airways. The mucosally elicited durable airway IgG IgA responses and, unlike vaccine, induced spike-specific B cells lungs. IgG, T cell correlated whereas alone upper protection. This study highlights differential serum correlates how vaccines can durably SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Durability of protection from original monovalent and bivalent COVID-19 vaccines against COVID-19-associated hospitalization and severe in-hospital outcomes among adults in the United States — September 2022–August 2023 DOI Open Access
Jennifer DeCuir, Diya Surie, Yuwei Zhu

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the durability of protection provided by original monovalent and bivalent COVID-19 vaccination against COVID-19-associated hospitalization severe in-hospital outcomes. Design Multicenter case-control design with prospective enrollment Setting 26 hospitals in 20 US states Participants Adults aged ≥18 years admitted to hospital COVID-19-like illness from 8 September 2022 31 August 2023 Main outcome measures The main outcomes were absolute relative vaccine effectiveness vaccines outcomes, including advanced respiratory support (defined as receipt high-flow nasal cannula, non-invasive ventilation, or invasive mechanical ventilation [IMV]) IMV death. Vaccine was estimated using multivariable logistic regression, which odds (versus being unvaccinated receiving only) compared between case patients control-patients. Bivalent analyses stratified time since dose receipt. Results Among 7028 adults without immunocompromising conditions, 2924 (41.6%) 4104 (58.4%) control patients. Compared patients, 6% (-7% 17%) for doses only (median last [IQR] = 421 days [304–571]), 52% (39% 61%) a received 7–89 earlier, 13% (-10% 31%) 90–179 earlier. Absolute 31% (15% 45%) only, 66% (47% 78%) 33% (-1% 55%) death 51% (34% 63%) 61% (35% 77%) 50% (11% 71%) Conclusion When additional certain within 3 months By 3-6 months, declined level similar that remaining only. Although no remained hospitalization, it durable >1 year after dose, particularly SUMMARY BOX What is already known on this topic - On 1, 2022, mRNA recommended who had completed at least an primary series. Early estimates are available period soon receipt; however fewer data exist their study adds

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Direct comparison of SARS-CoV-2 variant specific neutralizing antibodies in human and hamster sera DOI Creative Commons
Annika Rössler, Antonia Netzl, Ludwig Knabl

et al.

npj Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: May 18, 2024

Abstract Antigenic characterization of newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants is important to assess their immune escape and judge the need for future vaccine updates. To bridge data obtained from animal sera with human sera, we analyzed neutralizing antibody titers in hamster single infection a highly controlled setting using same authentic virus neutralization assay performed one laboratory. Using Bayesian framework, found that titer fold changes corresponded well generally exhibited higher reactivity.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Predicting COVID-19 booster immunogenicity against future SARS-CoV-2 variants and the benefits of vaccine updates DOI Creative Commons
Deborah Cromer, Arnold Reynaldi,

Ainslie Mitchell

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Neutralization of omicron subvariants and antigenic cartography following multiple COVID 19 vaccinations and repeated omicron non JN.1 or JN.1 infections DOI Creative Commons
Nungruthai Suntronwong, Sitthichai Kanokudom,

Thaneeya Duangchinda

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in vasculitis-related immune suppression DOI Creative Commons
Kimia Kamelian, Benjamín L. Sievers,

Michael Chen‐Xu

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(7)

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Immune suppression poses a challenge to vaccine immunogenicity. We show that serum antibody neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron descendants was largely absent post-doses 1 and 2 in individuals with vasculitis treated rituximab. Detectable increasing neutralizing titers were observed 3 4, except for XBB. Rituximab exacerbates deficits over standard immunosuppressive therapy, although impairment resolves time since dosing. discordance between detectable IgG binding activity specifically the context of rituximab use, high proportions showing reasonable titer but no neutralization. ADCC response more frequently compared rituximab, indicating notable proportion antibodies are non-neutralizing. Therefore, use is associated severe despite repeated vaccinations, better preservation non-neutralizing activity.

Language: Английский

Citations

0