Aberrant controllability of functional connectome during working memory tasks in patients with schizophrenia and unaffected siblings

The British Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 10

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Background Working memory deficit, a key feature of schizophrenia, is heritable trait shared with unaffected siblings. It can be attributed to dysregulation in transitions from one brain state another. Aims Using network control theory, we evaluate if defective underlie working deficits schizophrenia. Method We examined average and modal controllability the brain's functional connectome 161 patients 37 siblings 96 healthy controls during two-back task. use one-way analysis variance detect regions group differences, correlated aberrant task performance clinical characteristics. Regions affected both were selected for gene annotation analysis. Results Both are reduced compared siblings, indicating disruption proximal distal transitions. Among patients, was prominent auditory, visual sensorimotor networks. Reduced default mode, frontoparietal salience Lower networks worse higher antipsychotic dose schizophrenia (uncorrected). had paracentral lobule Rolandic operculum. Subsequent out-of-sample revealed that these two preferential expression genes relevant bioenergetic pathways (calmodulin binding insulin secretion). Conclusions Aberrant execution marks their

Language: Английский

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White-matter controllability at birth predicts social engagement and language outcomes in toddlerhood

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Abstract Social engagement and language are connected through early development. Alterations in their development can have a prolonged impact on children’s lives. However, the role of white matter at birth this ongoing connection is less well-known. Here, we investigate how jointly supports social outcomes 642 infants. We use edge-centric network control theory to quantify edge controllability, or ability white-matter connections drive transitions between diverse brain states, 1 month. Next, used connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) predict Quantitative Checklist for Autism Toddlers (Q-CHAT) risks Bayley Scales Infant Toddler Development (BSID-III) skills 18 months from controllability. created (SEN) Q-CHAT scores (LAN) BSID-III scores. The SEN LAN were complex, spanning whole brain. They also significantly overlapped anatomy generalized across measures. Controllability month partially mediated associations months. Further, controllability differed term preterm infants predicted an external sample Together, our results suggest that intertwined nature rooted infant’s Significance Statement During infancy toddlerhood, emerge together. Delays often observed both simultaneously. These interactions persist into later childhood, potentially affecting life quality. reveal interplay milestones toddlerhood structural connectivity, which may assist risk identification developmental delays. Insights foundations emerging open opportunities individualized interventions improve outcomes.

Language: Английский

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The overgrowth of structure-function coupling in premature brain during infancy

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 72, P. 101535 - 101535

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Early life brain network connectivity antecedents of executive function in children born preterm

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

Preterm birth is associated with an increased risk of executive function (EF) deficits, yet the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. We combine diffusion MRI, resting-state functional and graph theory analyses to examine how structural (SC) connectivity (FC) at term-equivalent age (TEA) influence EF outcomes 3 years corrected in children born or below 32 weeks' gestation. Here we show shorter average path length (a measure efficient communication) insula linked better performance, implying that more direct pathways this region facilitate critical cognitive processes. Additionally, higher betweenness centrality node-level metric information flow) parietal superior temporal regions improved EF, reflecting these areas' prominent integrative roles whole-brain network. Importantly, our multimodal reveal regional efficiency helps shape organization, indicating a specific interplay between white-matter architecture emergent hubs TEA. These findings extend current knowledge by demonstrating earlier disruptions SC can alter subsequent FC patterns support EF. By focusing on precise metrics rather than broad within-network effects, results clarify contribution has guiding relationships essential for Structural three-year preterm infants, highlighting insular as adaptive early development.

Language: Английский

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Development of Brain Metastable Dynamics during the Equivalent of the Third Gestational Trimester

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101556 - 101556

Published: April 1, 2025

Metastability, a concept from dynamical systems theory, provides framework for understanding how the brain shifts between various functional states and underpins essential cognitive, behavioural, social function. While studied in adults, metastability early development has only received recent attention. As undergoes dramatic structural changes over third gestational trimester, here we review these are reflected metastable dynamics preterm, preterm at term-equivalent full-term neonates. We synthesize findings EEG, fMRI, fUS, computational models, focusing on spatial distribution temporal of states, which include integration segregation, signal predictability complexity. Despite fragmented evidence, studies suggest that neonatal develops equivalent with increasing ability integration-segregation, broader range faster state transitions greater Preterms age exhibit immature features compared to full-terms. explain interpret terms maturation free energy landscape establishment cognitive functions.

Language: Английский

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Power and reproducibility in the external validation of brain-phenotype predictions

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(10), P. 2018 - 2033

Published: July 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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Brain age prediction and deviations from normative trajectories in the neonatal connectome

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

Structural and functional connectomes undergo rapid changes during the third trimester first month of postnatal life. Despite progress, our understanding developmental trajectories connectome in perinatal period remains incomplete. Brain age prediction uses machine learning to estimate brain's maturity relative normative data. The difference between individual's predicted chronological age—or brain gap (BAG)—represents deviation from these trajectories. Here, we assess BAGs using structural for infants We use resting-state fMRI DTI data 611 (174 preterm; 437 term) Developing Human Connectome Project (dHCP) connectome-based predictive modeling predict postmenstrual (PMA). accurately PMA term preterm infants. Predicted ages each modality are correlated. At network level, nearly all canonical networks—even putatively later developing ones—generate accurate prediction. Additionally, associated with exposures toddler behavioral outcomes. Overall, results underscore importance deviations models period. authors show that altered development after birth, driven by exposures, influences long-term cognitive

Language: Английский

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Controlling the human connectome with spatially diffuse input signals

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

The human brain is never at "rest"; its activity constantly fluctuating over time, transitioning from one state--a whole-brain pattern of activity--to another. Network control theory offers a framework for understanding the effort -- energy associated with these transitions. One branch that especially useful in this context "optimal control", which input signals are used to selectively drive into target state. Typically, inputs introduced independently nodes network (each signal exactly node). Though convenient, strategy ignores continuity cerebral cortex geometrically, each region connected spatial neighbors, allowing signals, both exogenous and endogenous, spread their foci nearby regions. Here, we adapt model so have extent decays exponentially site. We show more realistic takes advantage dependencies structural connectivity reduce (effort) state further leverage explore near-optimal strategies such that, on per-transition basis, number required given task reduced, some cases by two orders magnitude. This approximation yields network-wide maps site density, compare an existing database functional, metabolic, genetic, neurochemical maps, finding close correspondence. Ultimately, not only do propose efficient also adherent well-established organizational principles, but posit neurobiologically grounded bases optimal control.

Language: Английский

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Mapping Early Brain–Body Interactions: Associations of Fetal Heart Rate Variation with Newborn Brainstem, Hypothalamic, and Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex Functional Connectivity

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(22), P. e2363232024 - e2363232024

Published: April 11, 2024

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates the body's physiology, including cardiovascular function. As ANS develops during second to third trimester, fetal heart rate variability (HRV) increases while (HR) decreases. In this way, HR and HRV provide an index of development future neurobehavioral regulation. Fetal have been associated with child language ability psychomotor behavior in toddlerhood. However, their associations postbirth brain systems, such as brainstem, hypothalamus, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), yet be investigated even though pathways involved regulation are well established older individuals. We assessed whether were hypothalamic, dACC functional connectivity newborns. Data obtained from 60 pregnant individuals (ages 14–42) at 24–27 34–37 weeks gestation using a actocardiograph generate HRV. During natural sleep, infants (38 males 22 females) underwent fMRI scan between 40 46 postmenstrual age. Our findings relate indices reveal connections widespread regions that may support behavioral emotional demonstrated basic physiologic association lower- higher-order regulatory processes. This work provides foundation for or physiological research fetuses infants.

Language: Английский

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Brain age prediction and deviations from normative trajectories in the neonatal connectome

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 25, 2024

Abstract Structural and functional connectomes undergo rapid changes during the third trimester first month of postnatal life. Despite progress, our understanding developmental trajectories connectome in perinatal period remains incomplete. Brain age prediction uses machine learning to estimate brain’s maturity relative normative data. The difference between individual’s predicted chronological age—or brain gap (BAG)—represents deviation from these trajectories. Here, we assess BAGs using structural for infants We used resting-state fMRI DTI data 611 (174 preterm; 437 term) Developing Human Connectome Project (dHCP) connectome-based predictive modeling predict postmenstrual (PMA). accurately PMA term preterm infants. Predicted ages each modality were correlated. At network level, nearly all canonical networks—even putatively later developing ones—generated accurate prediction. Additionally, associated with exposures toddler behavioral outcomes. Overall, results underscore importance deviations models period.

Language: Английский

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