Convergent and lineage-specific genomic changes contribute to adaptations in sugar-consuming birds DOI Creative Commons
Ekaterina Osipova, Meng‐Ching Ko, Konstantin M. Petricek

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Although high-sugar diets are associated with metabolic diseases in humans, several bird lineages have independently evolved to primarily subsist on simple sugars from flower nectar or fruits. In this study, we address a key question of the repeatability molecular evolution by investigating convergent and lineage-specific mechanisms underlying dietary adaptations four major sugar-consuming lineages: hummingbirds, parrots, honeyeaters, sunbirds. We assembled nine new genomes for species their closely related non-sugar feeding outgroup generated 90 tissue-specific transcriptomes six species. identified signatures positive selection both protein-coding non-coding regulatory sequences, found targets same genes more frequently sugar-feeders compared controls, suggesting that adapting diet requires changes limited number genetic elements. At functional level, pathways energy homeostasis, carbohydrate metabolism, heart function, hormonal regulation showed signals evolution, while lipid amino acid metabolism demonstrated mostly evolution. Notably, observed striking evidence adaptation MLXIPL, transcription factor regulating sugar manifesting sequence across all sugar-feeders. With assays, hummingbird MLXIPL enhances sugar-induced transcriptional activity HEK239 cells, its central role diets. Our findings elucidate main genomic sugar-feeding at pathway levels.

Language: Английский

AI‐Enabled Adaptive Eutectogel Skin for Effective Motion Monitoring with Low Signal Artifacts DOI Open Access

Yexi Jin,

Ruolin Wang,

Dingkang Tang

et al.

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

Abstract Interfacial gel compliance is essential for the stable monitoring of physiological electrical signals. Current materials often fail to maintain operation at skin interface, which subject constant change, due an inadequate balance viscoelastic properties. In this study, a dynamic adaptive network involving metal coordination with hierarchical hydrogen bonding developed. The multilayered supramolecular structure has enabled polymer chains generate new physical entanglements upon dissociation. This cross‐linking allows eutectogel sustain viscosity and elasticity across broad frequency range (10 −7 –340 Hz). Furthermore, metal‐based exhibits enhanced stretchability (1800%), good conductivity (125 mS m −1 ), wide operating temperature (−70–100 °C), strong interfacial adhesion. offers superior stability in acquisition signals when compared standard commercial gels. Viable application resultant strain sensors demonstrated human–machine interaction (HMI) virtual reality (VR) haptic interaction. addition, convolutional neural (CNN) algorithm employed develop intelligent system evaluating motion states using surface electromyography (sEMG) signals, achieving accuracy 94.1%.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Integrated Ultrasound‐Enrichment and Machine Learning in Colorimetric Lateral Flow Assay for Accurate and Sensitive Clinical Alzheimer's Biomarker Diagnosis DOI Creative Commons

Shu‐Qing Wang,

Yan Zhu,

Zhongzeng Zhou

et al.

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(42)

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

Abstract The colloidal gold nanoparticle (AuNP)‐based colorimetric lateral flow assay (LFA) is one of the most promising analytical tools for point‐of‐care disease diagnosis. However, low sensitivity and insufficient accuracy still limit its clinical application. In this work, a machine learning (ML)‐optimized LFA with ultrasound enrichment developed to achieve sensitive accurate detection tau proteins early screening Alzheimer's (AD). device integrated portable ultrasonic actuator rapidly enrich microparticles using ultrasound, which essential sample pre‐enrichment improve sensitivity, followed by ML algorithms classify predict enhanced signals. results undiluted serum testing show that protocol enables efficient classification quantification AD biomarker protein concentration an average 98.11% prediction 99.99%, achieving (LOD) as 10.30 pg mL −1 . Further (POCT) human plasma samples demonstrates potential use in trials. Such reliable immunosensor high precision superb sensing performance expected put perspective diagnostic platform.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Translational lessons from the balanced immune system in bats DOI Creative Commons
Wei Lun Ng, Lin‐Fa Wang

Disease Models & Mechanisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(9)

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

ABSTRACT Bats are a natural reservoir for wide variety of notorious viruses that deadly to humans and other mammals but cause no or minimal clinical damage in bats. The co-evolution bats more than sixty million years has established unique balanced immune defenses within against number viruses. With the COVID-19 pandemic, have gained greater attention as likely SARS-CoV-2 ancestor virus. coupling omics technology bat research opens an exciting new field understand translate discoveries from humans, context infectious disease beyond. Here, we focus on mechanism immunity balance bats, application how this might lead improvement human health.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
2024 ASHG Scientific Achievement Award DOI Creative Commons
Nadav Ahituv

The American Journal of Human Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 112(3), P. 473 - 477

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Interfacial Charge Transfer and Defect Engineering in the MoTe2/Graphene Heterostructure for Tailored Carrier Kinetics and Nonlinear Absorption DOI
Jiawen Lv,

Xingyun Luo,

Junting Liu

et al.

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 24, 2025

Abstract The MoTe 2 and graphene heterostructure exhibits significant potential for ultrafast photonic switching owing to their carrier dynamics, superior nonlinear saturable absorption (SA) properties, scalable synthesis. Interfacial charge transfer (CT) in conjunction with material thickness modulation, plays a critical role governing dynamics SA properties. However, the underlying physical mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Here, femtosecond transient spectroscopy density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed elucidate that CT from nanoplates effectively mitigates hot‐phonon bottleneck effect nanoplates, leading accelerated recombination enhanced coefficient, increased −625 −1129 cm GW −1 . Moreover, thinner exhibit lower non‐saturable losses, quantified as 1.7% three‐layer structures compared 4% fourteen‐layer counterparts, attributed higher defect thicker layers, which induces scattering losses. Transmission electron microscopy analysis DFT confirm an elevated of Mo vacancies samples. These findings provide key insights into defect‐mediated optical aiding design high‐performance switches.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Convergent and lineage-specific genomic changes contribute to adaptations in sugar-consuming birds DOI Creative Commons
Ekaterina Osipova, Meng‐Ching Ko, Konstantin M. Petricek

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Although high-sugar diets are associated with metabolic diseases in humans, several bird lineages have independently evolved to primarily subsist on simple sugars from flower nectar or fruits. In this study, we address a key question of the repeatability molecular evolution by investigating convergent and lineage-specific mechanisms underlying dietary adaptations four major sugar-consuming lineages: hummingbirds, parrots, honeyeaters, sunbirds. We assembled nine new genomes for species their closely related non-sugar feeding outgroup generated 90 tissue-specific transcriptomes six species. identified signatures positive selection both protein-coding non-coding regulatory sequences, found targets same genes more frequently sugar-feeders compared controls, suggesting that adapting diet requires changes limited number genetic elements. At functional level, pathways energy homeostasis, carbohydrate metabolism, heart function, hormonal regulation showed signals evolution, while lipid amino acid metabolism demonstrated mostly evolution. Notably, observed striking evidence adaptation MLXIPL, transcription factor regulating sugar manifesting sequence across all sugar-feeders. With assays, hummingbird MLXIPL enhances sugar-induced transcriptional activity HEK239 cells, its central role diets. Our findings elucidate main genomic sugar-feeding at pathway levels.

Language: Английский

Citations

2