Naive weighting of Earth system models overestimates future carbon losses from tropical ecosystems DOI Creative Commons
Félicien Meunier, Marijn Bauters, Pascal Boeckx

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Abstract Tropical ecosystems are critical carbon reservoirs and sinks, holding more than 200 Pg of aboveground carbon. However, global changes threaten those stocks by altering precipitation evapotranspiration patterns. This study leverages Earth system model (ESM) simulations from the latest phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) to assess future tropical storage potential linking current climate state art vegetation biomass maps. We find that weighting ESM - according their ability reproduce spatial patterns water deficit observed in tropics reduces estimated losses compared with a naive average. Yet, our results indicate could still experience substantial losses, particularly under high-emission scenarios (SSP5-8.5), predictions ranging 23 (weighted average) 37 (naive PgC 2100, principally driven Amazon transition towards drier ecosystems. These findings underscore need for accurate representations present-day climates refine sink-source balances

Language: Английский

Dual Pathways of Carbon Neutrality in urban green spaces: Assessment and Regulatory Strategies DOI
Feng Yuan, Chenyu Fang, Xiaoli Jia

et al.

Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106311 - 106311

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Terrestrial photosynthesis inferred from plant carbonyl sulfide uptake DOI
Jiameng Lai, Linda M. J. Kooijmans, Wu Sun

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 634(8035), P. 855 - 861

Published: Oct. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Why models underestimate West African tropical forest primary productivity DOI Creative Commons
H. Zhang, Xiongjie Deng, Jesús Aguirre‐Gutiérrez

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Abstract Tropical forests dominate terrestrial photosynthesis, yet there are major contradictions in our understanding due to a lack of field studies, especially outside the tropical Americas. A recent study indicated that West African have among highest gross primary productivity (GPP) observed, contradicting models rank them lower than Amazonian forests. Here, we show possible reasons for this data-model mismatch. We found biometric GPP measurements on average 56.3% higher multiple global products at sites. The underestimation largely disappears when standard photosynthesis model is informed by local field-measured values (a) fractional absorbed photosynthetic radiation (fAPAR), and (b) traits. Remote sensing systematically underestimate fAPAR (33.9% sites) cloud contamination issues. highlights potential widespread carbon cycling hints ways forward input data improvement.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
State of the art and for remote sensing monitoring of carbon dynamics in African tropical forests DOI Creative Commons
Thomas Bossy, Philippe Ciais,

Solène Renaudineau

et al.

Frontiers in Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: March 17, 2025

African tropical forests play a crucial role in global carbon dynamics, biodiversity conservation, and climate regulation, yet monitoring their structure, diversity, stocks changes remains challenging. Remote sensing techniques, including multi-spectral data, lidar-based canopy height vertical structure detection, radar interferometry, have significantly improved our ability to map forest composition, estimate biomass, detect degradation deforestation features at finer scale. Machine learning approaches further enhance these capabilities by integrating multiple data sources produce maps of attributes track over time. Despite advancements, uncertainties remain due limited ground-truth validation, the structural complexity large spatial heterogeneity forests. Future developments remote should examine how multi-sensor integration high-resolution from instruments such as Planet, Tandem-X, SPOT AI methods can refine storage function maps, large-scale tree biomass improve detection down level. These advancements will be essential for supporting science-based decision-making conservation mitigation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Precipitation–fire functional interactions control biomass stocks and carbon exchanges across the world's largest savanna DOI Creative Commons
Mathew Williams, David T. Milodowski, T. Luke Smallman

et al.

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 1597 - 1614

Published: March 27, 2025

Abstract. Southern African woodlands (SAW) are the world's largest savanna, covering ∼ 3 M km2, but their carbon balance and its interactions with climate disturbance poorly understood. Here we address three issues that hinder regional efforts to international agreements: producing a state-of-the-art C budget of SAW region; diagnosing cycle functional variation fire across SAW; evaluating representation in land surface models (LSMs). Using 1506 independent 0.5° pixel model calibrations, each constrained local Earth observation time series woody stocks (Cwood) leaf area, produce analysis (2006–2017). The net biome production is neutral, i.e. −0.08 Mg ha−1 yr−1 (95 % uncertainty interval −1.67/1.66), emissions contributing 0.88 0.36–2.51). Fire-related mortality driving fluxes from total Cwood dead organic matter likely exceeds both fire-related into atmosphere non-fire mortality. emergent spatial biogenic pools strongly correlated mean annual precipitation burned area. However, there multiple, potentially confounding, causal pathways through which environmental drivers impacts distribution fluxes, mediated by variations parameters like allocation, wood lifespan, resilience. More wetter areas caused positive effects on primary for lifespan damped negative effect rising increasing Compared this analysis, LSMs showed marked differences distributions magnitudes emissions. current generation represents savanna as single plant type, missing important identified here. Patterns biomass cycling region outcome controls vegetation–fire determine residence times, linked key ecosystem characteristics.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Long-Term Carbon Sequestration and Climatic Responses of Plantation Forests Across Jiangsu Province, China DOI Open Access

Yuxue Cui,

Miaomiao Wu,

Zhongyi Lin

et al.

Forests, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 756 - 756

Published: April 28, 2025

Plantation forests (PFs) play a crucial role in China’s climate change mitigation strategy due to their significant capacity sequestrate carbon (C). Understanding the long-term trend PFs’ C uptake and key drivers influencing it is for optimizing PF management planning mitigation. In this study, we quantified (1981–2019) sequestration of PFs Jiangsu Province, where have expanded considerably recent decades, particularly since 2015. Seasonal interannual variations gross primary productivity (GPP), net (NPP), ecosystem (NEP) were assessed using boreal simulator (BEPS), process-based terrestrial biogeochemical model. The model integrates multiple sources remote-sensing datasets, such as leaf area index land cover data, simulate critical processes governing surface dynamics, enabling quantification vegetation soil stocks nutrient cycling patterns. results indicated increasing GPP, NPP, NEP over past four suggesting enhanced by across study region. variability these indicators was associated with that nitrogen (N) deposition years, implying availability could be limiting factor plantation productivity. GPP NPP exhibited peak values spring (April May) or late summer (August September), increases growing season years. contrast, peaked but declined negative early (July August), indicating seasonal source–sink transition. All three showed general correlation late-growing-season temperature droughts probably highly constrained existing PFs. These findings provide insights strategic implementation PFs, regions warm temperate undergoing afforestation expansion.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Precipitation-fire-functional interactions control biomass stocks and carbon exchanges across the world’s largest savanna DOI Creative Commons
Mathew Williams, David T. Milodowski, T. Luke Smallman

et al.

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

Abstract. Southern African woodlands (SAW) are the world’s largest savanna, covering ~3 M km2, but their carbon balance, and its interactions with climate disturbance poorly understood. Here we address three issues that hinder regional efforts to international agreements: producing a state-of-the-art C budget of SAW region; diagnosing cycle functional variation fire across SAW; evaluating representation in land surface models (LSMs). Using 1506 independent 0.5° pixel model calibrations, each constrained local earth observation time series woody stocks (Cwood) leaf area, produce analysis (2006–2017). The net biome production is neutral, 0.0 Mg ha-1 yr-1 (95 % Confidence Interval –1.7 – 1.6), emissions contributing ~1.0 CI 0.4–2.5). Fire-related mortality driving fluxes from total coarse wood dead organic matter likely exceeds both fire-related Cwood atmosphere non-fire mortality. emergent spatial biogenic pools strongly correlated mean annual precipitation burned area. But there multiple, potentially confounding, causal pathways through which environmental drivers impacts distribution fluxes, mediated by variations parameters like allocation, lifespan resilience. Greater wetter areas caused positive effects on primary for lifespan, damped negative effect rising increasing Compared this analysis, LSMs showed marked differences distributions magnitudes emissions. current generation represent savanna as single plant type, missing important identified here. Patterns biomass cycling region outcome controls production, vegetation-fire determine residence times, linked key ecosystem characteristics.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Net primary productivity and litter decomposition rates in two distinct Amazonian peatlands DOI Creative Commons
Greta C. Dargie, Jhon del Águila Pasquel, Jimmy Cesar Cordova Oroche

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(8)

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Measurements of net primary productivity (NPP) and litter decomposition from tropical peatlands are severely lacking, limiting our ability to parameterise validate models peatland development thereby make robust predictions how these systems will respond future environmental climatic change. Here, we present total NPP (i.e., above- below-ground) data two floristically structurally distinct forested sites within the Pastaza Marañón Foreland Basin, northern Peru, largest area in Amazonia: (1) a palm (largely Mauritia flexuosa) dominated swamp forest (2) hardwood (known as 'pole forest', due abundance thin-stemmed trees). Total hardwood-dominated (9.83 ± 1.43 7.34 0.84 Mg C ha

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Higher functional resilience of temperate forests at intermediate latitudes of a large latitudinal gradient in South America DOI Creative Commons
Xiongjie Deng, Danny E. Carvajal, R. Urrutia

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 3, 2024

Abstract Accurately mapping and assessing plant functional composition across space time is pivotal for understanding environmental change impacts on the biodiversity functioning of forests. Here, we test capabilities a combination in-situ remote sensing approaches to deliver accurate estimates temperate forest ecosystems considering leaf stem morphological, nutrient, hydraulic, photosynthetic traits. We identify hydrological stress, soil, topography as key drivers Further, stress soil are determinants dispersion redundancy in forests distributed large latitudinal (30°S 53°S) gradient Chile. Functional peaks Mediterranean forests, woodlands, scrub, occupying between 30°S 35°S. Conversely, 42°S 53°S, corresponding Magellanic subpolar Although peak at different latitudes distinct types; they both high 35°S 42°S, coinciding with Valdivian rainforests. Our results highlight areas South America where tree high, hence could potentially be more resilient changes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Naive weighting of Earth system models overestimates future carbon losses from tropical ecosystems DOI Creative Commons
Félicien Meunier, Marijn Bauters, Pascal Boeckx

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Abstract Tropical ecosystems are critical carbon reservoirs and sinks, holding more than 200 Pg of aboveground carbon. However, global changes threaten those stocks by altering precipitation evapotranspiration patterns. This study leverages Earth system model (ESM) simulations from the latest phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) to assess future tropical storage potential linking current climate state art vegetation biomass maps. We find that weighting ESM - according their ability reproduce spatial patterns water deficit observed in tropics reduces estimated losses compared with a naive average. Yet, our results indicate could still experience substantial losses, particularly under high-emission scenarios (SSP5-8.5), predictions ranging 23 (weighted average) 37 (naive PgC 2100, principally driven Amazon transition towards drier ecosystems. These findings underscore need for accurate representations present-day climates refine sink-source balances

Language: Английский

Citations

0