Expectation generation and its effect on subsequent pain and visual perception DOI Creative Commons
Rotem Botvinik‐Nezer, Stephan Geuter, Martin A. Lindquist

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 12, 2024

Bayesian accounts of perception, such as predictive processing, suggest that perceptions integrate expectations and sensory experience, thus assimilate to expected values. Furthermore, more precise should have stronger influences on perception. We tested these hypotheses in a paradigm manipulates both the mean value precision cues within-person. Forty-five participants observed cues-presented ratings from 10 previous participants-with varying cue means, variances (precision), skewness across trials. Participants reported regarding painfulness thermal stimuli or visual contrast flickering checkerboards. Subsequently, similar were each followed by noxious stimulus. While assimilated values modalities, cues' mainly affected ratings. behavioral computational models revealed biased towards extreme low-pain specifically. fMRI analysis systems related higher-level affective cognitive processes-including assimilation neuromarker endogenous contributions pain nucleus accumbens, activity consistent with aversive prediction-error-like encoding periaqueductal gray during perception-but not early perceptual processing. Our findings processing theories be combined mechanisms selective attention better fit empirical findings, expectation generation its effects are mostly modality-specific operate processes rather than

Language: Английский

Innovations in acute and chronic pain biomarkers: enhancing diagnosis and personalized therapy DOI Creative Commons
Sean Mackey, Nima Aghaeepour, Brice Gaudillière

et al.

Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50(2), P. 110 - 120

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Pain affects millions worldwide, posing significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Despite advances understanding pain mechanisms, there remains a critical need for validated biomarkers to enhance diagnosis, prognostication, personalized therapy. This review synthesizes recent advancements identifying validating acute chronic biomarkers, including imaging, molecular, sensory, neurophysiological approaches. We emphasize the emergence of composite, multimodal strategies that integrate psychosocial factors improve precision applicability management. Neuroimaging techniques like MRI positron emission tomography provide insights into structural functional abnormalities related pain, while electrophysiological methods electroencepholography magnetoencepholography assess dysfunctional processing neuroaxis. Molecular cytokines, proteomics, metabolites, offer diagnostic prognostic potential, though extensive validation is needed. Integrating these with clinical practice can revolutionize management by enabling treatment strategies, improving patient outcomes, potentially reducing healthcare costs. Future directions include development composite biomarker signatures, artificial intelligence, signature integration decision support systems. Rigorous standardization efforts are also necessary ensure clinically useful. Large-scale collaborative research will be vital driving progress this field implementing practice. comprehensive highlights potential transform management, offering hope improved personalization, outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Justice for Placebo: Placebo Effect in Clinical Trials and Everyday Practice DOI Creative Commons
Nebojša Nick Knežević,

Aleksandar Sič,

Samantha J. Worobey

et al.

Medicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 5 - 5

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

The placebo effect has been widely documented across various medical conditions, demonstrating its ability to influence both subjective and objective outcomes. Placebo responses can significantly improve symptoms in these different such as pain, Parkinson’s disease, depression, anxiety, addiction. Psychological mechanisms, particularly the power of patient expectations, appear play a central role, with neurobiological evidence supporting activation dopamine, endogenous opioids, endocannabinoids response interventions. Studies have demonstrated that injections more complex procedures, including sham surgeries, produce therapeutic effects comparable real treatments, pain management neurological disorders. Moreover, could be amplified when patients are aware receiving treatment, shown by research on open-label placebos open versus hidden treatments. effectiveness 0.9% sodium chloride solution clinical trials is debated, some studies indicating potential induce improvements, though it may not an ideal control inflammatory conditions. Advances neuroimaging revealed treatments trigger tangible biological processes brain body supported psychological physiological mechanisms interact, suggesting involved observed effects. Overall, growing understanding suggests incorporating placebo-based strategies, awareness appropriate ethical considerations, offer significant for improving outcomes, chronic mental health,

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Nature exposure induces analgesic effects by acting on nociception-related neural processing DOI Creative Commons
Maximilian O. Steininger, Mathew P. White, Lukas Lengersdorff

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: March 13, 2025

Abstract Nature exposure has numerous health benefits and might reduce self-reported acute pain. Given the multi-faceted subjective quality of pain methodological limitations prior research, it is unclear whether evidence indicates genuine analgesic effects or results from domain-general reporting biases. This preregistered neuroimaging study investigates how nature modulates nociception-related brain responses to Healthy participants (N = 49) receiving electrical shocks report lower when exposed virtual compared matched urban indoor control settings. Multi-voxel signatures pain-related activation patterns demonstrate that this effect associated with reductions in rather than cognitive-emotional neural processing. Preregistered region-of-interest analyses corroborate these results, highlighting reduced areas connected somatosensory aspects processing (thalamus, secondary cortex, posterior insula). These findings enables through changes nociceptive processing, advancing our understanding may be used complement non-pharmacological treatment. That can achieved easy-to-administer important practical implications opens novel avenues for research on precise mechanisms by which impacts mind brain.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Mindfulness meditation and placebo modulate distinct multivariate neural signatures to reduce pain DOI

Gabriel Riegner,

Jonathon Dean, Tor D. Wager

et al.

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 97(1), P. 81 - 88

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Going Beyond Medications for Chronic Pain: Exploring the Alternatives DOI Creative Commons
Seema M. Patidar, Lisa R. LaRowe,

Amy M. Goetzinger

et al.

Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Chronic pain is prevalent in the US and a major source of disability. Americans are familiar with, often reliant on, pharmacologic interventions for analgesia. However, nonpharmacologic can be equally effective reducing related impairment. The complex nature chronic specific goal reliance on opioid analgesics, together, support utilizing more comprehensive, biopsychosocial approach. Although this approach improves clinical outcomes population, ongoing barriers require additional research, along with continuing education, to generate equal alternative management. Policy changes systemic effort improve current practices management critical provide interdisciplinary care all people living pain.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Top-down control of the descending pain modulatory system drives placebo analgesia DOI Creative Commons
Giulia Livrizzi, Jingzhu Liao, Desiree A. Johnson

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

In placebo analgesia, prior experience and expectations lead to pain suppression by the administration of an inert substance, but causal evidence for its neural basis is lacking. To identify underlying circuits, we reverse-translated a conditioned protocol from humans mice. Surprisingly, effect suppresses both nociception unconditioned emotional-motivational pain-related behavior. Descending modulatory neurons in periaqueductal gray (PAG) are critical morphine antinociception. The depends on input PAG medial prefrontal anterior cingulate cortices, not insular cortex. Conditioning enhances noxious stimulus-evoked endogenous opioid release produce analgesia. Our results suggest that cortical control descending system (DPMS) gated rapid signaling during trials. This study bridges clinical preclinical research, establishing central role DPMS

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Placebo responses in clinical trials of refractory chronic cough: mechanisms, challenges, and mitigation strategies DOI
Elena Kum,

Wafa Hassan,

Imran Satia

et al.

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Deep Learning Cerebellar Magnetic Resonance Imaging Segmentation in Late-Onset GM2 Gangliosidosis and its Phenotypic Implications DOI Creative Commons
Connor Lewis,

Selby I. Chipman,

Jean M. Johnston

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 11, 2025

Abstract Late-onset Tay-Sachs (LOTS) disease and late-onset Sandhoff (LOSD) have long been considered indistinguishable due to similar clinical presentations shared biochemical deficits. However, recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies shown distinct cerebellar atrophy associated with LOTS. In this study, we furthered investigation determine if the is globally uniform or preferentially targets certain regions. We utilized DeepCERES , a deep learning specific segmentation cortical thickness pipeline analyze differences between LOTS (n=20), LOSD (n=5), neurotypical controls (n=1038). had smaller volumes of whole cerebellum as well lobules IV, V, VI, VIIB, VIIIA, VIIIB, IX, both Crus I II compared controls. patients also Cerebellar functional lesion localization implicated V VI in speech articulation execution while I, VIIA, among others, variety behaviors neuropsychiatric symptoms. Our observations provide possible anatomical substrate higher prevalence dysarthria psychosis our but not patients. Future are needed for direct comparisons considering phenotypic aspects such age symptom onset, presence severity ataxia, full characterization profiles, molecular pathology fully understand dichotomy observed these two diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The neural dynamics of positive and negative expectations of pain DOI Creative Commons
Christoph Arne Wittkamp, Maren‐Isabel Wolf, Michael Rose

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 1, 2024

Pain is heavily modulated by expectations. Whereas the integration of expectations with sensory information has been examined in some detail, little known about how positive and negative are generated their neural dynamics from generation over anticipation to information. The present preregistered study employed a novel paradigm induce on trial-by-trial basis mechanisms using combined EEG-fMRI measurements (n=50). We observed substantially different representations between anticipatory actual pain period. In phase i.e., before nociceptive input, insular cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), anterior cingulate (ACC) showed increased activity for directed regardless valence. Interestingly, differentiation within majority areas only occurred after arrival FMRI-informed EEG analyses could reliably track temporal sequence processing showing an early effect DLPFC, followed insula late effects ACC. indicate involvement expectation-related subprocesses, including transformation visual into value signal that maintained differentiated according its valence during stimulus processing.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Decoding the Impact of the Placebo Response in Clinical Trials for Chronic Cough DOI Creative Commons
Mengru Zhang,

Bangyu Zhang,

Alyn H. Morice

et al.

ERJ Open Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(5), P. 00335 - 2024

Published: June 27, 2024

Chronic cough is a prevalent and challenging condition, with limited treatment options available. The interpretation of clinical trial results for antitussive drugs complicated by the presence placebo response, which can confound outcomes impede regulatory approval. This review aims to explore impact response on trials medications elucidate underlying mechanisms involved. multifaceted nature effects, including pharmacological, psychological/neurobiological nonspecific discussed. Additionally, potential solutions address in future medication development, such as strategic study design, appropriate choice end-points meticulous patient selection, are proposed. More progress harness this issue urgently needed.

Language: Английский

Citations

1