Multidrug-Resistant Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Exhibits High Virulence in Calf Herds: A Case Report

Microbiology Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 59 - 59

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a group of strains that can cause severe infectious diseases outside the gastrointestinal tract, such as urinary tract infections, meningitis, septicemia, etc. We report case calf herd infection by ExPEC with high rates morbidity and mortality. The research purpose this study was to thoroughly investigate characteristics responsible for infection. Specifically, we aimed understand mechanisms underlying its multidrug resistance pathogenicity. Clinical samples were collected isolation identification ExPECs, cultured on MacConkey agar, further tested PCR uidA gene, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, adhesion patterns HEp-2 cells. antimicrobial activity determined using disk diffusion method according & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. pathogenicity assessed through experimental Kunming mice, tracking their survival weight changes, performing autopsies bacterial counts histopathological analysis. Additionally, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) comprehensive analysis performed, including multilocus sequence typing (MLST), serotyping, drug-resistance analysis, virulence factor metabolic pathway enrichment various online tools databases. An strain named RZ-13 identified ST345 O134: H21. Among 14 antibiotics tested, 13 showed resistance, indicating multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterium. mice proved greater than CICC 24186. WGS revealed presence 28 antibiotic genes 86 virulence-related in genome strain, corroborating clinical manifestations MDR Our isolated RZ-13, strong This first leading mortality herds China, underscoring need rational use reduce risk generation transmission bacteria from food-producing animals ensure food safety public health.

Language: Английский

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Genetic Characteristics of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Farm Animals, Slaughterhouses, and Associated Environments

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli from farm animals, slaughterhouses, and associated environments poses a critical threat to public health food safety. Several studies have reported that antibiotic genes (ARGs) are found with high prevalence, especially blaCTX-M, mcr-1, tetA tetB, aac(6′)-Ib, qnr. These were frequently mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as IncF IncI plasmids, class 1 integrons, insertion sequences (e.g., IS26), transposons, which facilitate horizontal gene transfer adaptation selective pressures. Comparative analysis indicated animals slaughterhouse act reservoirs convergence points for resistant E. strains diverse sources, amplifying the spread of genes. Environmental samples, including wastewater demonstrated overlap isolates suggesting inadequate waste management contributes AMR propagation has potential zoonotic transmission. This chapter will explain characteristics antibiotic-resistant focus on dominant ARGs MGEs drive dissemination resistance. information is needed monitoring evolution so appropriate policies interventions can be implemented prevent control coli.

Language: Английский

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The emergence of highly resistant and hypervirulent Escherichia coli ST405 clone in a tertiary hospital over 8 years

Emerging Microbes & Infections, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2025

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) poses crucial challenges in clinical management, requiring continuous monitoring to inform control and treatment strategies. This study aimed investigate the genomic epidemiological characteristics CREC isolates obtained from a tertiary hospital China between 2015 2022. Next-generation sequencing was used for profiling, data patients were integrated into analysis. ST405 (21.2%), ST167 (20.3%) ST410 (15.9%) most prevalent 30 distinct sequence types (STs) identified among 113 unique isolates. Infections caused by clone severe underlying diseases associated with higher in-hospital mortality rates, particularly aged ≥65 years. Furthermore, exhibited greater number virulence resistance genes than non-ST405 clones. gene eaeX mph(E) msr(E) exclusively found clones, while other (agn43, ipad malX) (armA, catB3 arr-3) more this Additionally, showed minimum inhibitory concentrations both meropenem imipenem superior growth under challenge. Galleria mellonella assays revealed that virulent predominant STs. Our findings underscore threat posed clone, which exhibits enhanced extensive drug resistance. These results highlight urgent need stringent surveillance targeted interventions curb its further dissemination prevent potential outbreaks.

Language: Английский

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High prevalence of plasmid-mediated Fosfomycin resistance in waterfowl-derived Escherichia coli strains: insights into genetic context and transmission dynamics in China

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 21, 2025

Fosfomycin (FOS) is a critical antibiotic for treating multi-drug resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae infections, but its effectiveness jeopardized by the dissemination of plasmids encoding enzymes that modify FOS. Despite prohibition on use in animal breeding China, 100 strains Escherichia coli ( E. ) exhibiting high resistance to FOS (MIC≥512 mg/L) were isolated from samples waterfowl origin collected Hainan, Sichuan, and Anhui. These commonly carried fos A 3 (88/100, 88.0%). In addition, 21 other antimicrobial genes (ARGs) detected these strains, with positivity rates tet A, aphA1 , sul2 folR qnrS bla CTX-M . It noteworthy there was significant positive correlation between A3 (OR = 15.162, 95% CI: 1.875–122.635). The results pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) demonstrated existence multiple dispersed clonal clusters. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis identified 45 ST types, ST48 ST10 representing most dominant clones. conjugation experiments, 53 A-like transconjugants obtained measurable frequency, which strongly may mainly locate different types possessing an efficient transmission ability. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) further showed co-localized degree similarity genetic structure. Of particular interest observation frequently accompanied IS 26 either side gene. This structure play pivotal role horizontal transfer A3. study revealed alarming prevalence delved deeply into characteristics mechanisms discovery plasmid-mediated, transmissible poses threat “One Health”. There’s urgent need thorough monitoring control measures against resistance.

Language: Английский

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Environmental High-Risk Efflux Pumps Mediate Concurrent Enhancement of Resistance and Virulence in Reclaimed Water from Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 493, P. 138236 - 138236

Published: April 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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Genome-based assessment of antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli recovered from diseased swine in eastern China for a 12-year period

mBio, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 17, 2025

ABSTRACT The global rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), driven by antibiotic use in healthcare and agriculture, poses a major public health threat. While AMR clinical settings is well studied, there gap understanding the profiles Escherichia coli from diseased livestock, particularly regarding zoonotic transmission. This study analyzes 114 E. isolates swine over 12 years, revealing that 99.12% were multidrug-resistant. Resistance was highest for ampicillin amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (100%), followed ciprofloxacin (96.49%) tetracycline (94.74%). Furthermore, 21.05% resistant to colistin, 1.75% tigecycline. A total 76 genes (ARGs) identified, with mcr-1 found 18.42%, mcr-3 4.39%, tet (X4) 1.75%. Significant co-occurrence ARGs plasmids suggests potential co-selective dissemination. first report enterotoxigenic (ETEC) strains carrying both genes. After 2017 colistin ban China, detection rates significantly decreased, while florfenicol increased 2018–2021 (94.29%) compared 2010–2017 (79.55%). work provides valuable insights into highlights trends can inform strategies monitoring controlling risks associated IMPORTANCE critical role deceased spread providing new transmission contexts. By analyzing swine, we identify key such as , (X4), which pose significant risks, especially last-resort antibiotics like colistin. Moreover, identifies novel patterns mcr genes, including ETEC gene harboring horizontal transfer also revealed, facilitating rapid across species. long-term persistence challenges livestock. These findings underscore need enhanced surveillance One Health approach mitigate animal, human, environmental health.

Language: Английский

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Role of earthworms and their excretion products in reducing antimicrobial resistance and putative pathogens during vermicomposting

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 162765 - 162765

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Diverse new plasmid structures and antimicrobial resistance in strains isolated from perianal abscess patients

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

Introduction Plasmids, the most important and versatile bacterial extrachromosomal DNA Molecules, has have been a center central topic for genetics biology. However, inability of short-read high-throughput sequencing methods to reliably assemble plasmids makes it difficult investigate diversity plasmid structures functions. Methods In this work, we used long-read Nanopore method address issue, by producing high quality whole genome sequences 33 strains from 11 perianal abscess-suffering patients. Results discussion Successful assemblies were generated with method, including 20 perfect out genomes. A total 47 identified strains, 12 unique, newly identified, circular plasmids. These further subject structural analysis, leading finding significant diversification previously known plasmids, suggesting structure function. Particularly, two mcr-10.1 -harboring conjugative found Citrobacter portucalensis Enterobacter kobei , which not reported. This works shows feasibility using identify function that awaits surveillance.

Language: Английский

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Restoring Colistin Sensitivity in Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic E. coli Using Cinacalcet Hydrochloride

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(21), P. 11574 - 11574

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Restoring colistin’s efficacy is crucial in addressing the resistance crisis of colistin. This study utilized a high-throughput screening method to identify 43 compounds from 800 FDA-approved drugs that exhibited significant antibacterial effects when combined with Among these, cinacalcet hydrochloride (CH) was selected for its potential synergistic effect colistin against multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli strains, including mcr-1-positive strains. A series experiments revealed combination CH and showed strong synergy, especially restoring sensitivity. The significantly inhibited bacterial growth reduced CFU counts more effectively than either drug alone. Additionally, together biofilm formation eradicated existing biofilms, as visualized through confocal microscopy. Mechanistic studies increased membrane permeability disrupted integrity. treatment also elevated extracellular ATP release ROS production, indicating oxidative stress-induced death. Safety evaluations did not increase toxicity host cells. Finally, animal models further validated combination’s efficacy. Overall, this restored sensitivity coli, revealing their mechanism involving damage stress, promising clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Development and application of a quadruplex TaqMan real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay for four porcine digestive pathogens

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

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