The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 121(3)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
SUMMARY The movement of substances across biological membranes is often constrained by physical or energetic barriers, requiring the action transporter proteins embedded within lipidic bilayer. These transporters also provide finely tuned regulation substrate fluxes, essential for maintaining cellular function under both normal and stress conditions. Consequently, are subject to multiple levels tight regulation, including posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Here, we review current knowledge on PTMs affecting plant membrane their impact protein function. attachment chemical groups residues enables rapid modulation functions, influencing a wide range characteristics. Phosphorylation stands out as most common PTM, attributes such activation status, localization specificity. In turn, ubiquitination acts signal downregulation, either targeting proteasomal degradation triggering endocytosis subsequent vacuolar sorting. roles other, less remain unclear, limited examples exist recent advances have been sparse. complex dynamics transport, which require precise flux magnitudes directions, appear demand multi‐layered control associated transporters. consequence, further research needed investigate individual transporters, well interplay single transporter, better understand how gradual achieved.
Language: Английский