BMC Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: April 2, 2025

Diabetic microvascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), nephropathy (DN), and peripheral neuropathy (DPN), contribute significantly to morbidity healthcare burdens among individuals with diabetes. The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated improved metabolic health, but its role in mitigating complications remains unclear. This systematic review meta-analysis aimed assess the impact of MD adherence on risk progression these complications. A comprehensive search PubMed, Web Science, Embase, Scopus was conducted through February 12, 2025 identify studies evaluating Meta-analysis performed where possible, effect sizes reported as odds ratios (ORs) or hazard (HRs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Fourteen studies, encompassing 138 71,392 participants, were included. indicated a significant reduction DR adhering (HR: 0.69, CI: 0.49-0.97, p = 0.03; OR: 0.32, 0.12-0.82, 0.02). lower likelihood DN development observed 0.85, 0.73-0.99, 0.04; 0.49, 0.25-0.96, 0.04). However, results for inconclusive due study heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses revealed notable heterogeneity publication bias detected some analyses. Adherence is reduced retinopathy, supporting potential dietary intervention diabetes management. evidence inconclusive. Future well-controlled randomized trials are needed strengthen causal inferences refine clinical recommendations MD-based interventions

Language: Английский