Nucleic Acids Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
52(5), P. 2093 - 2111
Published: Feb. 2, 2024
Abstract
Co-transcriptional
processing
of
nascent
pre-mRNAs
by
the
spliceosome
is
vital
to
regulating
gene
expression
and
maintaining
genome
integrity.
Here,
we
show
that
deficiency
functional
U5
small
nuclear
ribonucleoprotein
particles
(snRNPs)
in
Drosophila
imaginal
cells
causes
extensive
transcriptome
remodeling
accumulation
highly
mutagenic
R-loops,
triggering
a
robust
stress
response
cell
cycle
arrest.
Despite
compromised
proliferative
capacity,
snRNP-deficient
increased
protein
translation
size,
causing
intra-organ
growth
disbalance
before
being
gradually
eliminated
via
apoptosis.
We
identify
Xrp1-Irbp18
heterodimer
as
primary
driver
transcriptional
cellular
program
downstream
snRNP
malfunction.
Knockdown
Xrp1
or
Irbp18
attenuated
JNK
p53
activity,
restored
normal
progression
growth,
inhibited
death.
Reducing
Xrp1-Irbp18,
however,
did
not
rescue
splicing
defects,
highlighting
requirement
accurate
for
tissue
homeostasis.
Our
work
provides
novel
insights
into
crosstalk
between
DNA
damage
defines
critical
sensor
malfunction
mediator
stress-induced
senescence
program.
Biochemical Society Transactions,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
49(4), P. 1589 - 1599
Published: July 9, 2021
Ribosome
biogenesis
requires
prodigious
transcriptional
output
in
rapidly
growing
yeast
cells
and
is
highly
regulated
response
to
both
growth
stress
signals.
This
minireview
focuses
on
recent
developments
our
understanding
of
this
regulatory
process,
with
an
emphasis
the
138
ribosomal
protein
genes
(RPGs)
themselves
a
group
>200
ribosome
(RiBi)
whose
products
contribute
assembly
but
are
not
part
ribosome.
Expression
most
RPGs
depends
upon
Rap1,
pioneer
transcription
factor
(TF)
required
for
binding
pair
RPG-specific
TFs
called
Fhl1
Ifh1.
RPG
expression
correlated
Ifh1
promoter
binding,
whereas
Rap1
remain
promoter-associated
stress-induced
down
regulation.
A
TF
Sfp1
has
also
been
implicated
regulation,
though
work
reveals
that
its
primary
function
activation
RiBi
other
growth-related
genes.
plays
important
role
at
small
number
where
Rap1-Fhl1-Ifh1
action
subsidiary
or
non-existent.
In
addition,
nearly
half
all
bound
by
Hmo1,
which
either
stabilizes
re-configures
Fhl1-Ifh1
binding.
Recent
studies
identified
proline
rotamase
Fpr1,
known
primarily
rapamycin-mediated
inhibition
TORC1
kinase,
as
additional
promoters.
Fpr1
affects
independently
cooperation
Hmo1.
Finally,
major
development
was
discovery
homeostasis
mechanism
driven
unassembled
proteins,
referred
Assembly
Stress
Response
(RASTR),
controls
through
reversible
condensation
PERK
is
an
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
transmembrane
sensor
that
phosphorylates
eIF2α
to
initiate
the
Unfolded
Protein
Response
(UPR).
phosphorylation
promotes
stress-responsive
gene
expression
most
notably
through
transcription
factor
ATF4
contains
a
regulatory
5'
leader.
Possible
effectors
other
than
remain
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
report
bZIP
Xrp1
required
for
ATF4-independent
signaling.
Cell-type-specific
profiling
in
Drosophila
indicated
delta-family
glutathione-S-transferases
(gstD)
are
prominently
induced
by
UPR-activating
transgene
Rh1G69D.
Perk
was
necessary
and
sufficient
such
gstD
induction,
but
not
required.
Instead,
regulators
of
regulated
protein
levels
induce
gstDs.
The
leader
has
conserved
upstream
Open
Reading
Frame
(uORF)
analogous
those
regulate
translation.
gstD-GFP
reporter
induction
putative
binding
sites.
These
results
indicate
antioxidant
genes
highly
previously
unrecognized
UPR
signaling
axis
consisting
Xrp1.
Wound
response
programs
are
often
activated
during
neoplastic
growth
in
tumors.
In
both
wound
repair
and
tumor
growth,
cells
respond
to
acute
stress
balance
the
activation
of
multiple
programs,
including
apoptosis,
proliferation,
cell
migration.
Central
those
responses
JNK/MAPK
JAK/STAT
signaling
pathways.
Yet,
what
extent
these
cascades
interact
at
cis-regulatory
level
how
they
orchestrate
different
regulatory
phenotypic
is
still
unclear.
Here,
we
aim
characterize
states
that
emerge
cooperate
response,
using
Drosophila
melanogaster
wing
disc
as
a
model
system,
compare
with
cancer
induced
by
rasV12scrib-/-
eye
disc.
We
used
single-cell
multiome
profiling
derive
enhancer
gene
networks
(eGRNs)
integrating
chromatin
accessibility
expression
signals.
identify
'proliferative'
eGRN,
active
majority
wounded
controlled
AP-1
STAT.
smaller,
but
distinct
population
cells,
'senescent'
eGRN
driven
C/EBP-like
transcription
factors
(Irbp18,
Xrp1,
Slow
border,
Vrille)
Scalloped.
These
two
signatures
found
be
levels.
Our
eGRNs
resource
offers
an
in-depth
characterization
senescence
markers,
together
new
perspective
on
shared
acting
oncogenesis.
Oncogenesis,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: Jan. 3, 2024
Abstract
Throughout
an
individual’s
life,
somatic
cells
acquire
cancer-associated
mutations.
A
fraction
of
these
mutations
trigger
tumour
formation,
a
phenomenon
partly
driven
by
the
interplay
mutant
and
wild-type
cell
clones
competing
for
dominance;
conversely,
other
function
against
initiation.
This
mechanism
‘cell
competition’,
can
shift
clone
dynamics
evaluating
relative
status
clonal
populations,
promoting
‘winners’
eliminating
‘losers’.
review
examines
role
competition
in
context
tumorigenesis,
progression
therapeutic
intervention.
FEBS Letters,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
598(4), P. 379 - 389
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Multicellular
communities
have
an
intrinsic
mechanism
that
optimizes
their
structure
and
function
via
cell–cell
communication.
One
of
the
driving
forces
for
such
self‐organization
multicellular
system
is
cell
competition,
elimination
viable
unfit
or
deleterious
cells
interaction.
Studies
in
Drosophila
mammals
identified
multiple
mechanisms
competition
caused
by
different
types
mutations
cellular
changes.
Intriguingly,
recent
studies
found
“losers”
commonly
show
reduced
protein
synthesis.
In
,
reduction
synthesis
levels
loser
phosphorylation
translation
initiation
factor
eIF2α
a
bZip
transcription
Xrp1.
Given
variety
stresses
converge
on
thus
global
inhibition
synthesis,
may
be
machinery
fitness
removing
stressed
cells.
this
review,
we
summarize
discuss
emerging
signaling
critical
unsolved
questions,
as
well
role
competition.