Mineral dust aerosol impacts on global climate and climate change

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 71 - 86

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

Language: Английский

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Harnessing AI and computing to advance climate modelling and prediction

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 887 - 889

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Importance of internal variability for climate model assessment

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: June 17, 2023

Abstract Benchmarking climate model simulations against observations of the is core to process building realistic models and developing accurate future projections. However, in many cases, do not match historical observations, particularly on regional scales. If there a mismatch between modeled observed features, should we necessarily conclude that our are deficient? Using several illustrative examples, emphasize internal variability can easily lead marked differences basic features climate, even when decades data available. This appear as an apparent failure capture trends or changes global teleconnections, simulation extreme events. Despite large body literature impact this acknowledgment has yet penetrated evaluation activities, for climate. We using single small ensemble error premature conclusions fidelity. A multidecadal therefore needed properly sample order robustly identify deficiencies convincingly demonstrate progress generations models.

Language: Английский

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Sustainable and Resilient Health Care in the Face of a Changing Climate

Annual Review of Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 255 - 277

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Climate change is a threat multiplier, exacerbating underlying vulnerabilities, worsening human health, and disrupting health systems' abilities to deliver high-quality continuous care. This review synthesizes the evidence of what care sector can do adapt changing climate while reducing its own impact, identifies barriers change, makes recommendations achieve sustainable, resilient systems.

Language: Английский

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Climate tipping point interactions and cascades: a review

Earth System Dynamics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 41 - 74

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Abstract. Climate tipping elements are large-scale subsystems of the Earth that may transgress critical thresholds (tipping points) under ongoing global warming, with substantial impacts on biosphere and human societies. Frequently studied examples such include Greenland Ice Sheet, Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), permafrost, monsoon systems, Amazon rainforest. While recent scientific efforts have improved our knowledge about individual elements, interactions between them less well understood. Also, potential events to induce additional elsewhere or stabilize other is largely unknown. Here, we map out current state literature climate review influences them. To do so, gathered evidence from model simulations, observations, conceptual understanding, as paleoclimate reconstructions where multi-component spatially propagating transitions were potentially at play. uncertainties large, find indications many destabilizing. Therefore, conclude should not only be in isolation, but also more emphasis has put interactions. This means cascades cannot ruled centennial millennial timescales warming levels 1.5 2.0 ∘C shorter if surpassed ∘C. At these higher then fast AMOC address crucial gaps element interactions, propose four strategies combining observation-based approaches, system modeling expertise, computational advances, expert knowledge.

Language: Английский

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Possible shift in controls of the tropical Pacific surface warming pattern

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 630(8016), P. 315 - 324

Published: June 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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How Can We Improve the Seamless Representation of Climatological Statistics and Weather Toward Reliable Global K‐Scale Climate Simulations?

Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract Toward the achievement of reliable global kilometer‐scale (k‐scale) climate simulations, we improve Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) by focusing on moist physical processes. A goal model improvement is to establish a configuration that can simulate realistic fields seamlessly from daily‐scale variability climatological statistics. Referring two representative configurations present NICAM, each which has been used for climate‐scale and sub‐seasonal‐scale experiments, try find appropriate partitioning fast/local slow/global‐scale circulations. In series sensitivity experiments at 14‐km horizontal resolution, test (a) tuning terminal velocities rain, snow, cloud ice, (b) implementation turbulent diffusion Leonard term, (c) enhanced vertical resolution. These tests yield reasonable convection triggering convection‐induced tropospheric moistening, result in better performance than previous NICAM simulations. mean state, double Intertropical Convergence Zone bias disappears, zonal contrast equatorial precipitation, top‐of‐atmosphere radiation balance, temperature profile, position/strength subtropical jet are reproduced dramatically better. Variability such as waves Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) spontaneously realized with spectral power Asian summer monsoon, boreal‐summer MJO, tropical cyclone (TC) activities more realistically simulated especially around western Pacific. Meanwhile, biases still exist representation low‐cloud fraction, TC intensity, precipitation diurnal cycle, suggesting both higher spatial resolutions further development warranted.

Language: Английский

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AI-empowered next-generation multiscale climate modelling for mitigation and adaptation

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(10), P. 963 - 971

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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Vegetation–climate feedbacks across scales

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Abstract Vegetation is often viewed as a consequence of long‐term climate conditions. However, vegetation itself plays fundamental role in shaping Earth's by regulating the energy, water, and biogeochemical cycles across terrestrial landscapes. It exerts influence consuming water resources through transpiration interception, lowering atmospheric CO 2 concentration, altering surface roughness, controlling net radiation its partitioning into sensible latent heat fluxes. This propagates atmosphere, from microclimate scales to entire boundary layer, subsequently impacting large‐scale circulation global transport moisture. Understanding feedbacks between atmosphere multiple crucial for predicting land use cover changes, accurately representing these processes models. review discusses biophysical mechanisms which modulates spatial temporal scales. Particularly, we evaluate on patterns, precipitation, temperature, considering both trends extreme events, such droughts heatwaves. Our goal highlight state science recent studies that may help advance our collective understanding they play climate.

Language: Английский

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Are general circulation models obsolete?

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(47)

Published: Nov. 14, 2022

Traditional general circulation models, or GCMs-that is, three-dimensional dynamical models with unresolved terms represented in equations tunable parameters-have been a mainstay of climate research for several decades, and some the pioneering studies have recently recognized by Nobel prize Physics. Yet, there is considerable debate around their continuing role future. Frequently mentioned as limitations GCMs are structural error uncertainty across different representations scales fact that tuned to reproduce certain aspects observed Earth. We consider these shortcomings context future generation may address issues through substantially higher resolution detail, use machine learning techniques match them better observations, theory, process models. It our contention calibration, far from being weakness an essential element simulation complex systems, contributes understanding inner workings. Models can be calibrated reveal both fine-scale detail global response external perturbations. New methods enable us articulate improve connections between levels abstract representation processes, resides entire hierarchy where will continue play central foreseeable

Language: Английский

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