A microbial sea of possibilities: current knowledge and prospects for an improved understanding of the fish microbiome

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 1101 - 1134

Published: Aug. 13, 2019

Abstract The mucosal surfaces of fish represent an important barrier that supports and regulates a diverse array microbial assemblages contributes to the overall health fitness host. For farmed species, knowledge how these host–microbial systems adapt respond various stressors is pivotal for managing health, nutrition optimizing productivity in aquaculture. While our understanding communities factors shape them now suggest balanced microbiota critical healthy functioning fish, mechanisms behind interactions are still poorly understood. Much existing research has focused on characterizing taxonomic diversity different across body (e.g. skin, gills gastrointestinal tract), response changing nutrition, environmental conditions. However, specific functional contributions (or members) remain elusive, especially or diseased fish. Here, we review current their interplay likely involvement with We also seek address identify gaps explore future prospects improving

Language: Английский

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Important ecophysiological roles of non-dominant Actinobacteria in plant residue decomposition, especially in less fertile soils

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: April 7, 2021

Abstract Background Microbial-driven decomposition of plant residues is integral to carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. Actinobacteria , one the most widely distributed bacterial phyla soils, are known for their ability degrade vitro. However, situ importance and specific activity across contrasting ecological environments not known. Here, we conducted three field experiments with buried straw combination microcosm 13 C-straw paddy soils under different soil fertility levels reveal ecophysiological roles residue decomposition. Results While accounting only 4.6% total abundance, encoded 16% abundance carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). The taxonomic functional compositions were, surprisingly, relatively stable during Slopes linear regression models between chemical composition Actinobacterial traits were flatter than those other groups at both local regional scales due holding genes encoding full set CAZymes, nitrogenases, antibiotic synthetases. Ecological co-occurrence network C-based metagenomic analyses indicated that degradation increased less fertile as links community members relative abundances decreasing fertility. Conclusions This study provided DNA-based evidence non-dominant plays a key role possess high proportions CAZymes group maintain presence terms roles. Their was more pronounced where possession interspecies interactions stood out more. Our work provides new angles understanding global cycling.

Language: Английский

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Modular Assembly of Polysaccharide-Degrading Marine Microbial Communities

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(9), P. 1528 - 1535.e6

Published: April 25, 2019

Understanding the principles that govern assembly of microbial communities across earth's biomes is a major challenge in modern ecology. This pursuit complicated by difficulties mapping functional roles and interactions onto with immense taxonomic diversity identifying scale at which microbes interact [1]. To address this challenge, here, we focused on bacterial colonize degrade particulate organic matter ocean [2-4]. We show these can be simplified as linear combination modules. Using synthetic polysaccharide particles immersed natural bacterioplankton assemblages [1, 5], showed successional particle colonization dynamics are driven interaction two types modules: first type made narrowly specialized primary degraders, whose controlled composition, second containing substrate-independent taxa interspecific interactions-in particular, cross-feeding via acids, amino other metabolic byproducts. that, consequence trophic structure, assemble modularly-i.e., simple sum substrate-specific degrader modules, one for each complex particle, connected to single broad-niche range consumer module. Consistent model, single-polysaccharide accurately predicts community composition mixed-polysaccharide particles. Our results suggest heterotrophic materials follows design could exploited engineer microbiomes.

Language: Английский

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Niche differentiation is spatially and temporally regulated in the rhizosphere

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 999 - 1014

Published: Jan. 17, 2020

Language: Английский

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Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on microbial community composition and element cycling in a grassland soil

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 151, P. 108041 - 108041

Published: Oct. 11, 2020

Language: Английский

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