Prolonged morphological expansion of spiny-rayed fishes following the end-Cretaceous

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(8), P. 1211 - 1220

Published: July 14, 2022

Language: Английский

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Genomics of cold adaptations in the Antarctic notothenioid fish radiation

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: June 9, 2023

Abstract Numerous novel adaptations characterise the radiation of notothenioids, dominant fish group in freezing seas Southern Ocean. To improve understanding evolution this iconic group, here we generate and analyse new genome assemblies for 24 species covering all major subgroups radiation, including five long-read assemblies. We present a estimate onset at 10.7 million years ago, based on time-calibrated phylogeny derived from genome-wide sequence data. identify two-fold variation size, driven by expansion multiple transposable element families, use data to reconstruct two evolutionarily important, highly repetitive gene family loci. First, most complete reconstruction date antifreeze glycoprotein family, whose emergence enabled survival sub-zero temperatures, showing locus ancestral state. Second, trace loss haemoglobin genes icefishes, only vertebrates lacking functional haemoglobins, through clusters across notothenioid families. Both genomic loci are characterised transposon expansions that may have evolutionary history these genes.

Language: Английский

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The Emerging Phylogenetic Perspective on the Evolution of Actinopterygian Fishes

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 52(1), P. 427 - 452

Published: Sept. 3, 2021

The emergence of a new phylogeny ray-finned fishes at the turn twenty-first century marked paradigm shift in understanding evolutionary history half living vertebrates. We review how fish radically departs from classical expectations based on morphology. focus relationships that span backbone phylogeny, earliest divergences among teleosts and nonteleosts to resolution major lineages Percomorpha. Throughout, we feature advances gained by toward broader implications for topics genetics human health reconsidering concept fossils. Additionally, discuss conceptual challenges involve reconciling taxonomic classification with phylogenetic propose an alternate higher-level Our highlights remaining areas uncertainty opportunities comparative investigations empowered this perspective fishes.

Language: Английский

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The Physiological Functions of the Golgin Vesicle Tethering Proteins

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: June 18, 2019

The golgins comprise a family of vesicle tethering proteins that act in selective manner to tether transport vesicles at the Golgi apparatus. Tethering is followed by membrane fusion complete delivery vesicle-bound cargo Golgi. Different are localized different regions Golgi, and their ability selectively important for specificity traffic secretory pathway. In recent years, our mechanistic understanding golgin-mediated has greatly improved. We also beginning appreciate how loss golgin function can impact upon physiological processes through use animal models study human disease. These approaches have revealed causes tissue-restricted phenotypes, which vary severity cell types affected. many cases, it possible attribute these phenotypes defect vesicular traffic, although why certain tissues sensitive particular still, most unclear. Here, I will summarize progress golgins, focusing on roles proteins, as determined from disease humans. describe what vivo analyses taught us, well highlight less understood aspects, areas future investigations.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Diversification and Specialization in Neotropical Bats Facilitated by Early Molecular Evolution

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 38(9), P. 3864 - 3883

Published: Feb. 12, 2021

Abstract Dietary adaptation is a major feature of phenotypic and ecological diversification, yet the genetic basis dietary shifts poorly understood. Among mammals, Neotropical leaf-nosed bats (family Phyllostomidae) show unmatched diversity in diet; from putative insectivorous ancestor, phyllostomids have radiated to specialize on diverse food sources including blood, nectar, fruit. To assess whether diversification this group was accompanied by molecular adaptations for changing metabolic demands, we sequenced 89 transcriptomes across 58 species combined these with published data compare ∼13,000 protein coding genes 66 species. We tested positive selection focal lineages, those inferred undergone shifts. Unexpectedly, found broad signature ancestral phyllostomid branch, spanning implicated metabolism all macronutrients, few positively selected at switch plantivory. Branches corresponding blood- nectar-based diets showed loci underpinning nitrogenous waste excretion glycolysis, respectively. Intriguingly, patterns were mirrored craniofacial remodeling, trait previously linked specialization. Finally, that null model widely-used branch-site test likely be misspecified, implication too conservative probably under-reports true cases selection. Our findings point complex picture adaptive radiation, which evolution new specializations has been facilitated early generation variation.

Language: Английский

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Adaptations and Diversity of Antarctic Fishes: A Genomic Perspective

Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 39 - 62

Published: Nov. 9, 2021

Antarctic notothenioid fishes are the classic example of vertebrate adaptive radiation in a marine environment. Notothenioids diversified from single common ancestor ∼22 Mya to between 120 and 140 species today, they represent ∼90% fish biomass on continental shelf Antarctica. As cold Southern Ocean, notothenioids evolved numerous traits, including osteopenia, anemia, cardiomegaly, dyslipidemia, aglomerular kidneys, that beneficial or tolerated their environment but pathological humans. Thus, models for understanding radiations, physiological biochemical adaptations extreme environments, genetic mechanisms human disease. Since 2014, 16 genomes have been published, which enable first-pass holistic analysis underpinnings novel traits. Here, we review genomic perspective integrate our insights with recent observations other radiations.

Language: Английский

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Convergent genomics of longevity in rockfishes highlights the genetics of human life span variation

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(2)

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Longevity is a defining, heritable trait that varies dramatically between species. To resolve the genetic regulation of this trait, we have mined genomic variation in rockfishes, which range longevity from 11 to over 205 years. Multiple shifts rockfish occurred independently and short evolutionary time frame, thus empowering convergence analyses. Our analyses reveal common network genes under convergent evolution, encompassing established aging regulators such as insulin signaling, yet also identify flavonoid (aryl-hydrocarbon) metabolism pathway modulating longevity. The selective pressures on these pathways indicate ancestral state rockfishes was long lived changes short-lived lineages are adaptive. These were used explore genome-wide association studies human longevity, identifying aryl-hydrocarbon be significantly associated with survival 99th percentile. This intersection defines cross-validates previously unappreciated architecture associates evolution across vertebrates.

Language: Английский

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Phylogenomic Species Delimitation Dramatically Reduces Species Diversity in an Antarctic Adaptive Radiation

Systematic Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 71(1), P. 58 - 77

Published: July 6, 2021

Abstract Application of genetic data to species delimitation often builds confidence in delimitations previously hypothesized using morphological, ecological, and geographic frequently yields recognition undescribed cryptic diversity. However, a recent critique genomic data-based approaches is that they have the potential conflate population structure with diversity, resulting taxonomic oversplitting. The need for an integrative approach delimitation, which molecular, lines evidence are evaluated together, becoming increasingly apparent. Here, we integrate phylogenetic, genetic, coalescent analyses genome-wide sequence investigation variation multiple morphological traits delimit within Antarctic barbeled plunderfishes (Artedidraconidae: Pogonophryne). Pogonophryne currently comprises 29 valid species, most distinguished solely by ornamentation mental barbel projects from lower jaw, shown vary widely single species. our phenotypic result dramatic reduction number distinct recognized clade, providing support no more than six We propose synonymize 24 five Pogonophryne. find new specimens collected Ross Sea. Our findings represent rare example application molecular provides oversplitting on basis morphology, clearly demonstrating utility framework.[ddRADseq; multispecies coalescent; Notothenioidei; SNPs; Southern Ocean.]

Language: Английский

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Modulation of bioelectric cues in the evolution of flying fishes

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31(22), P. 5052 - 5061.e8

Published: Sept. 16, 2021

Language: Английский

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Advancing human disease research with fish evolutionary mutant models

Trends in Genetics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 22 - 44

Published: July 29, 2021

Language: Английский

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