How can physiology best contribute to wildlife conservation in a warming world?

Conservation Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract Global warming is now predicted to exceed 1.5°C by 2033 and 2°C the end of 21st century. This level associated environmental variability are already increasing pressure on natural human systems. Here we emphasize role physiology in light latest assessment climate Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change. We describe how can contribute contemporary conservation programmes. focus thermal responses animals, but acknowledge that impacts change much broader phylogenetically environmentally. A physiological contribution would encompass monitoring, coupled with measuring individual sensitivities temperature upscaling these ecosystem level. The version widely accepted Conservation Standards designed Measures Partnership includes several explicit considerations. argue has a unique play addressing Moreover, be incorporated institutions organizations range from international bodies national governments local communities, doing so, it brings mechanistic approach management biological resources.

Language: Английский

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The effects of climate change on boreal plant-pollinator interactions are largely neglected by science

Basic and Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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A pan‐European citizen science study shows population size, climate and land use are related to biased morph ratios in the heterostylous plant Primula veris

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Abstract The distylous plant Primula veris has long served as a model species for studying heterostyly, that is the occurrence of multiple floral morphs within population to ensure outcrossing. Habitat loss, reduced sizes, and climate change have raised concerns about impact these factors on morph ratios related consequences fitness heterostylous species. We studied deviation P. from isoplethy (i.e. equal frequency) in response size, landscape context climatic factors, based pan‐European citizen science campaign involving observations 28 countries. In addition, we examined relative frequency determine whether disrupt frequencies or specific an advantage over other. Theory predicts short‐styled S‐morphs long‐styled L‐morphs populations at equilibrium. However, data >3000 showed substantial significant excess (9% higher compared L‐morphs). Deviation equilibrium was substantially stronger smaller not affected by identity. Higher summer precipitation land use intensity were associated with increased prevalence S‐morphs. Five containing individuals exhibiting short homostyle phenotypes (with style anthers low positions) found. Genotyping CYP734A50 gene S locus, which determines length position , revealed no mutations this region. Our results unprecedented geographic sampling suggest changes may be responsible non‐equilibrium frequencies. This large‐scale initiative sets foundations future studies clarify unexpected due partial intra‐morph compatibility, disruption heterostyly survival Synthesis . Human‐induced environmental affect biodiversity indirectly through altering reproductive traits, can also lead genetic diversity. Further research should consider possible role pollinators mediating ecological evolutionary recent shifts traits.

Language: Английский

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Changes in a bumblebee alpine pollinator network over 40 years

Ecological Entomology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 8, 2025

Abstract Plant–insect interactions within alpine ecosystems are particularly susceptible to anthropogenic impacts, including climate change. Thus, repeated measures of interaction networks, such as pollination critical for the ongoing management and conservation these ecosystems. We a study conducted 40 years prior on Beartooth Plateau, an environment in north central Rocky Mountains. Of primary concern were potential changes plant‐pollinator networks at area between 1980 1981 2021. found that, over time, (1) composition bumblebee ( Bombus ) species pollinator guilds complex, with apparent losses/additions abundance others; (2) overall capture rates pollinators plants decreased; (3) network analyses showed decreases nestedness, connectance, linkage density increases specialisation; (4) observed plant flowering phenology consistent those many other affected by global warming, strong trend advanced phenophase. Our provides baseline understanding decadal‐level during 20th 21st centuries allows new insights into how may respond

Language: Английский

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Differences in Plant–Pollinator Network Structure and Pollinator Importance Between a Continental and an Oceanic Island Community

Biotropica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 57(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Pollination is an important ecological process for plant reproduction. Understanding the differences in plant–pollinator interactions and pollinator importance across spatial scales vital to determine responses of these global changes. Continental oceanic island systems provide us with ideal model examine variation interactions. Here, we compared species composition, network structure, communities between a continental (Wanshan Island) (Yongxing China. The results reveal highly dissimilar composition islands that caused different structures. In particular, networks had higher connectance, nestedness, specialization than networks. For plants cooccurring on both islands, richness flower visitation rate were island. Plant niche overlap was island, while entire subnetwork. Hymenoptera most group community, Apidae community. imply may be less vulnerable disturbance, such as habitat alteration or destruction, implication insights into biodiversity conservation pollinators islands.

Language: Английский

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Causes and consequences of insect decline in tropical forests

Published: April 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Buzz of Inconsistency: Pollinator Potential vs. Research Effort

Journal of Applied Entomology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 5, 2025

ABSTRACT Pollinator insects are essential for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems and play a critical role in ensuring food security; thus, studies on this topic provide significant benefits human society. Pollination involves diverse taxa that can vary depending specific environment. Nevertheless, it is not always possible to monitor study all pollinators an ecosystem, as research context often constrained by financial personnel limitations. European national directives mostly focus monitoring three taxa: bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) lepidopterans (Lepidoptera). However, effective prioritisation pollinator should consider their actual pollinators, which according considered ecosystem. Moreover, knowledge about potential different still limited. Here, we evaluated, mountain environments Alps, aforementioned together with other occurring flower‐visiting beetles (Coleoptera), muscid flies Muscidae) ants Formicidae). We compared them terms flower visitor abundance pollen transport. In addition, evaluated whether scientific efforts made thus far researchers aligned context. Bees have been found be both most carriers studied pollinators. Instead, clear discrepancy observed lepidopterans, former being underrepresented literature while latter overrepresented, ranking second taxon despite least abundant visitors contributing negligibly Our purpose generalise our findings, but highlight relevant discrepancies may exist between directed towards them.

Language: Английский

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Diet and bird-plant interaction networks based on citizen science data in Lima, Peru: exotic and native species are important

Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 59(3), P. 1028 - 1043

Published: March 11, 2024

We compiled bird feeding records in Lima City (Peru) through an in-depth review of online citizen science platforms. Additionally, we analyzed bird-plant interaction networks to assess how the origin status and plant species, as well species with ornithophilous flowers, contribute structuring those interactions. The encompassed 43 96 food resources. native Amazilis amazilia exotic Forpus coelestis were most recorded birds, accounting for 21.5% 9.9% total records, respectively. Plants frequent resource, making up 82.7% while rest corresponded insects, fish, other uncommon cases. Nectarivory frugivory main interactions observed. Interaction network analyses general nectarivory did not show significant modular or nested structures either case highly disconnected. At level, measure centrality significantly differ between plants, birds. This suggests that these groups almost equally maintaining However, interactions, plants flowers had greater importance network, indicated by their higher values.

Language: Английский

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Global change and plant–pollinator communities in Mediterranean biomes

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(11), P. 1893 - 1913

Published: Sept. 28, 2023

Abstract Aim Occurring in five distinct global regions, Mediterranean‐type ecosystems (MTEs) include both centres of agricultural production and hotspots extratropical biodiversity – particularly for plants bees. Considerable research has addressed the persistence highly diverse biological communities within MTEs, despite their typically long histories anthropogenic natural disturbance. However, important questions remain, especially regarding limits ecological resilience face accelerating environmental change. Here, we explore current knowledge effects disturbance on MTE plant–pollinator communities. Location Mediterranean Basin, California, Cape Province South Africa, Central Chile Southern South‐Western Australia. Taxa Studied Flowering pollinators (insects, birds mammals). Methods We reviewed available literature about via a systematic search that yielded 234 case studies. analysed this dataset to quantify efforts across regions taxonomic groups, proportion surveys addressing interactions (i.e. rather than only diversity) availability work community responses specific stressors (viz. climate change, landscape alteration, fire, farming, grazing, urbanization species introductions). Results Current is dominated by from northern while Hemisphere California are markedly understudied comparison. Taxonomic coverage similarly uneven, with 58% studies focusing single pollinator group. Furthermore, less half address networks. Finally, some pioneering introductions, 13% focus impact interaction Outlook Based our findings, identify need coordinated international (i) community‐level studies, observational experimental, (ii) networks, (iii) functional traits mediating post‐disturbance recovery (iv) impacts combined/synergistic stressors. Progress these areas will facilitate predictions long‐term change

Language: Английский

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Biodiversity in changing environments: An external‐driver internal‐topology framework to guide intervention

Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105(8)

Published: July 16, 2024

Accompanying the climate crisis is more enigmatic biodiversity crisis. Rapid reorganization of due to global environmental change has defied prediction and tested basic tenets conservation restoration. Conceptual practical innovation needed support decision making in face these unprecedented shifts. Critical questions include: How can we generalize at community level? When are systems able reorganize maintain integrity, when does abiotic result collapse or restructuring? this understanding provide a template guide how intervene restoration? To end, frame changes organization as modulation external drivers on internal topology species interactions, using plant-plant interactions terrestrial communities starting point. We then explore framing help translate available data abundance trait distributions corresponding decisions management. Given expectation that response highly complex, external-driver internal-topology (EDIT) framework offers way capture general patterns resilience adaptation changing environments.

Language: Английский

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