Mechanisms, detection and impacts of species redistributions under climate change

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(5), P. 351 - 368

Published: April 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Massive colonization by the solitary ascidian Microcosmus exasperatus Heller, 1878, on the sandy bottom of the Israeli littoral

Aquatic Invasions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 53 - 68

Published: April 15, 2025

The rapid increase in the arrival of tropical-origin species into Levant region has dramatically changed local ecosystems. Non-indigenous are known for their ability to utilize available ecological niches and some events expand non-native niche over time. Here, as an example such expansion, we report on a massive colonization by non-indigenous solitary ascidian, Microcosmus exasperatus (Heller, 1878), soft bottoms along Mediterranean coast Israel. While this is well-known its form dense aggregations rocky substrates artificial structures, only limited reports exist from soft-bottom habitats. In September 2022, settlement M. was sighted sandy bottom (15–22 m depth) front Mikhmoret, had settled miniature “islets” hard substrates, polychaete tubes, shells, or pebbles. By October, population reached peak density, with mean 1.8±1.3 individuals -2 (±95% confidence interval mean). Longshore visual surveys towed divers revealed similar populations scattered central Israeli coast. Monthly compass monitoring gradual decline during late fall winter, leading complete eradication February 2023, probably due severe winter storm. No detectable throughout spring but August 2023 few specimens were again detected bottom, albeit at densities several orders magnitude lower than previous year. It postulated that ephemeral areas serves “stepping stones” species’ dispersal new habitats, potentially amplifying invasive potential. Long-term across more comprehensive depth range will reveal whether observed singular event recurring phenomenon previously remained unnoticed.

Language: Английский

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Range expansion is both slower and more variable with rapid evolution across a spatial gradient in temperature

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Rapid evolution in colonising populations can alter our ability to predict future range expansions. Recent theory suggests that the dynamics of replicate expansions are less variable, and hence more predictable, with increased selection at expanding front. Here, we test whether from environmental gradients across space produces consistent expansion speeds, using experimental duckweed landscapes without a temperature gradient. We found gradient was slower on average, range‐front displaying higher population densities, genetic signatures trait changes directional selection. Despite this, spatial speed became variable among replicates over time. Our results therefore challenge current theory, highlighting chance still shape response influence speeds.

Language: Английский

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Clonal alien plants in the mountains spread upward more extensively and faster than non-clonal

NeoBiota, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 29 - 48

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Alien species are colonizing mountain ecosystems and increasing their elevation ranges in response to ongoing climate change anthropogenic disturbances, posing threats native species. However, how quickly alien spread upward what drives invasion remains insufficiently understood. Here, using 26,952 occurrence records of 58 plant collected over two centuries the Czech Republic, we explored range speed each underlying factors driving these variables. We traits relevant for (e.g., clonality, flowering time, life span, status, height, mycorrhizal type, range, naturalized monoploid genome size, Ellenberg-type indicator values light, temperature, nitrogen), human-associated introduction pathways sum economic use types), minimum residence time. relationships between species’ phylogenetic regressions. Our results showed that have been expanding along elevations Republic past centuries. A stronger effect than has revealed, e.g., clonality was a key trait supporting into mountains, while no effect. findings highlight characteristics associated with rapid reproduction crucial montane regions. Identifying drivers this process is important predicting spatiotemporal dynamics high-altitude thus employing apposite measures reduce threat

Language: Английский

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Assessing the risks to valuable medicinal plants in Nepal from human activities and environmental factors

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51, P. e02860 - e02860

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

The demand for trade has led to unsustainable harvesting of medicinal plants, causing a decline in their population natural habitats. This presents notable problem, however, there is lack information regarding the severity threat these resources. To address this, study was conducted identify high-value plants Annapurna Conservation Area Nepal and evaluate potential endangerment by using Rapid Vulnerability Assessment method (RVA). also calculated distribution different habitats size. Results showed that were 19 threatened, region frequently used local communities with high values. Rhizome/roots most commonly plant parts (58%), followed whole (37%). wild found be low, varying abundance among Overexploitation driven demand, low density, critical life forms identified as main threats plants. placed Dactylorhiza hatagirea Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora highest category. Effective conservation management measures, both in-situ ex-situ, suggested based on status

Language: Английский

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The poleward naturalization of intracontinental alien plants

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(40)

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Plant introductions outside their native ranges by humans have led to substantial ecological consequences. While we gained considerable knowledge about intercontinental introductions, the distribution and determinants of intracontinental aliens remain poorly understood. Here, studied naturalized (i.e., self-sustaining) using alien floras 243 mainland regions in North America, South Europe, Australia. We revealed that 4510 plant species had origins, accounting for 3.9% all 56.7% these continents. In America numbers peaked at mid-latitudes, while proportion high latitudes Europe. Notably, found predominant poleward naturalization, primarily due larger pools low-latitudes. Geographic climatic distances constrained naturalization Australia, but not America. These findings suggest naturalizations will accelerate, as become suitable more climate change.

Language: Английский

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Recent Species’ Range Expansion in the Himalayan Highlands: New Distribution Records of Naturalized Alien Plants from Ladakh, India

Biology Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(3), P. 576 - 585

Published: March 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Experimental grazer exclusion increases pollination reliability and influences pollinator-mediated plant-plant interactions in tibetan alpine meadows

Alpine Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 134(1), P. 51 - 67

Published: May 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Can indigenous carabid beetles confer biotic resistance to invasion of native grassland remnants by alien slugs?

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Invasive alien slugs alter plant community assemblages via selective herbivory, yet evidence of their impacts on indigenous species in threatened Australian native grasslands are scarce. Carabid beetles have been explored as biocontrol agents pest agriculture, with grassland habitat adjoining agricultural fields thought to be a potential source beneficial carabid predators. The association between and invasive within remnant vegetation patches, however, is unquantified. Studies were conducted identify (i) extent determinants slug invasion into grassland, (ii) Whether can confer biotic resistance grasslands. interaction slugs, rare forb was microcosm experiments test the hypothesis that beetles, by regulating influence survival growth. Slugs found at 90% surveyed; infrequent active abundance low. There little landscape or site-level parameters density, although species-specific patterns apparent for two most abundant species. This may reflect importance propagule pressure from populations (the matrix) affecting success, suggesting features secondary importance. provided herbivory significantly impact seedling stage, but less so mature stage. We markedly reduce plants, encounters taxa occurs. Interactions field likely density-dependent such only when high. high grasslands, lack beetle predation, indicates conservation management need include baiting mitigate negative recruitment

Language: Английский

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Hiking Trails Facilitate the Spread of a Native High‐Arctic Species

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT High‐Arctic environments are facing an elevated pace of warming and increasing human activities, making them more susceptible to the introduction spread alien species. We investigated role disturbance in facilitating a native plant ( Papaver dahlianum ) high‐Arctic natural environment close Isfjord Radio station along adjacent hiking trails at Kapp Linné, Svalbard. reconstructed spatial pattern arrival P. Linné by combining historical records species occurrence (1928–2018) with contemporary survey abundance main trail (2023 survey) tested relative effects altitude proximity on density via generalised linear model (GLM). then compared simulated annual assuming either only local or plus from trails. Finally, we used fine‐scale UAV‐derived brightness index test for terrain preference applying randomisation test. Distance (56% explained variation) minimum distance (28%) significantly across research area (best GLM R 2 = 0.755). The modelled including effect (fitted ~30 m yr. −1 managed capture maximum extent occupied area, whereas simulations (~2 underestimated extent. A showed that has significant gravel soils low vegetation cover due trampling and/or processes. Along climate warming, activities can increase rate range shift providing hot spots (human settlements) spreading corridors (hiking trails). Our results show spatially explicit models be applied accurately predict potential species, leading efficient monitoring plan. Systematic sanitisation measures should prioritised polar habitats high incidence disturbances.

Language: Английский

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