Causal mapping of human brain function

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 361 - 375

Published: April 20, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Regional, circuit and network heterogeneity of brain abnormalities in psychiatric disorders

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 1613 - 1629

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

The substantial individual heterogeneity that characterizes people with mental illness is often ignored by classical case-control research, which relies on group mean comparisons. Here we present a comprehensive, multiscale characterization of the gray matter volume (GMV) differences in 1,294 cases diagnosed one six conditions (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum bipolar depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia) 1,465 matched controls. Normative models indicated person-specific deviations from population expectations for regional GMV were highly heterogeneous, affecting same area <7% diagnosis. However, these embedded within common functional circuits networks up to 56% cases. salience-ventral attention system was implicated transdiagnostically, other systems selectively involved schizophrenia attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Phenotypic between assigned diagnosis may thus arise heterogeneous localization specific deviations, whereas phenotypic similarities be attributable dysfunction networks.

Language: Английский

---

Deep Brain Stimulation for Depression

Neurotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(4), P. 1229 - 1245

Published: July 1, 2022

Language: Английский

---

The human orbitofrontal cortex, vmPFC, and anterior cingulate cortex effective connectome: emotion, memory, and action

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(2), P. 330 - 356

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

The human orbitofrontal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), and anterior cingulate are involved in reward processing thereby emotion but also implicated episodic memory. To understand these regions better, the effective connectivity between 360 cortical 24 subcortical was measured 172 humans from Human Connectome Project complemented with functional diffusion tractography. has gustatory, olfactory, temporal visual, auditory, pole areas. to pregenual posterior hippocampal system provides for rewards be used memory navigation goals. have supracallosal which projects midcingulate other premotor areas action-outcome learning including limb withdrawal or flight fight aversive nonreward stimuli. lateral outputs language systems inferior frontal gyrus. medial connects nucleus basalis of Meynert septum, damage may contribute impairments by disrupting cholinergic influences on neocortex hippocampus.

Language: Английский

---

Mapping Lesion-Related Epilepsy to a Human Brain Network

JAMA Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 80(9), P. 891 - 891

Published: July 3, 2023

Importance It remains unclear why lesions in some locations cause epilepsy while others do not. Identifying the brain regions or networks associated with by mapping these could inform prognosis and guide interventions. Objective To assess whether lesion map to specific networks. Design, Setting, Participants This case-control study used location network identify a discovery data set of patients poststroke control stroke. Patients stroke (n = 76) no 625) were included. Generalizability other types was assessed using 4 independent cohorts as validation sets. The total numbers across all datasets (both datasets) 347 1126 without. Therapeutic relevance deep stimulation sites that improve seizure control. Data analyzed from September 2018 through December 2022. All shared patient included; excluded. Main Outcomes Measures Epilepsy epilepsy. Results Lesion 76 (39 [51%] male; mean [SD] age, 61.0 [14.6] years; follow-up, 6.7 [2.0] years) 625 (366 [59%] 62.0 [14.1] follow-up range, 3-12 months) included set. Lesions occurred multiple heterogenous spanning different lobes vascular territories. However, same part defined functional connectivity basal ganglia cerebellum. Findings validated including 772 (271 [35%] epilepsy; 515 [67%] median [IQR] 60 [50-70] 3-35 years). this increased risk after (odds ratio [OR], 2.82; 95% CI, 2.02-4.10; P &amp;lt; .001) (OR, 2.85; 2.23-3.69; .001). Deep site improved ( r , 0.63; 30 drug-resistant (21 [70%] 39 [32-46] 24 [16-30] months). Conclusions Relevance findings indicate lesion-related mapped human network, which help at therapies.

Language: Английский

---

Depressive symptoms, anxiety and cognitive impairment: emerging evidence in multiple sclerosis

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 19, 2023

Abstract Neuropsychiatric abnormalities may be broadly divided in two categories: disorders of mood, affect, and behavior affecting cognition. Among these conditions, clinical depression, anxiety neurocognitive are the most common multiple sclerosis (MS), with a substantial impact on patients’ quality life adherence to treatments. Such manifestations occur from earliest phases disease but become more frequent MS patients progressive course severe disability. Although pathogenesis neuropsychiatric has not been fully defined yet, brain structural functional abnormalities, consistently observed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), together genetic immunologic factors, have suggested key players. Even though detrimental such is matter crucial importance, at present, they often overlooked setting. Moreover, efficacy pharmacologic non-pharmacologic approaches for their amelioration poorly investigated, majority studies showing marginal or no beneficial effect different therapeutic approaches, possibly due presence heterogeneous underlying pathological mechanisms intrinsic methodological limitations. A better evaluation setting improvements understanding pathophysiology offer potential develop tools differentiating individual ultimately provide principled basis treatment selection. This review provides an updated overview regarding symptoms MS, MRI characteristics that associated mood (i.e., depression anxiety) cognitive impairment, currently available under investigation.

Language: Английский

---

Network Localization of State and Trait of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 50(6), P. 1326 - 1336

Published: Feb. 24, 2024

Abstract Background and Hypothesis Neuroimaging studies investigating the neural substrates of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) in schizophrenia have yielded mixed results, which may be reconciled by network localization. We sought to examine whether AVH-state AVH-trait brain alterations localize common or distinct networks. Study Design initially identified reported 48 previous studies. By integrating these affected locations with large-scale discovery validation resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging datasets, we then leveraged novel connectivity mapping construct dysfunctional Results The neuroanatomically heterogeneous localized specific comprised a broadly distributed set regions mainly involving auditory, salience, basal ganglia, language, sensorimotor Contrastingly, manifested as pattern circumscribed principally implicating caudate inferior frontal gyrus. Additionally, aligned neuromodulation targets for effective treatment AVH, indicating possible clinical relevance. Conclusions Apart from unifying seemingly irreproducible neuroimaging results across prior AVH studies, our findings suggest different mechanisms underlying state trait perspective more inform future AVH.

Language: Английский

---

Functional connectomics in depression: insights into therapies

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(9), P. 814 - 832

Published: June 5, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Roles of the medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex in major depression and its treatment

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 914 - 928

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Chronometric TMS-fMRI of personalized left dorsolateral prefrontal target reveals state-dependency of subgenual anterior cingulate cortex effects

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(9), P. 2678 - 2688

Published: March 26, 2024

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to a left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) area with specific connectivity profile the subgenual anterior cingulate (sgACC) has emerged as highly effective non-invasive treatment option for depression. However, antidepressant outcomes demonstrate significant variability among therapy plans and individuals. One overlooked contributing factor is individual brain state at time of treatment. In this study we used interleaved TMS-fMRI investigate influence on acute TMS effects, both locally remotely. was performed during rest different phases cognitive task processing. Twenty healthy participants were included in study. first session, imaging data targeting acquired, allowing identification individualized targets DLPFC based highest anti-correlation sgACC. The second session involved chronometric measurements, 10 Hz triplets administered distinct timings an N-back task. Consistent prior findings, revealed BOLD activation changes targeted network. precise timing relative states demonstrated response clinically relevant regions, including Employing standardized approach using more consistent modulation sgACC group level compared rest. conclusion, our findings strongly suggest that local remote effects are influenced by stimulation. This establishes basis considering designing protocols, possibly improving outcomes.

Language: Английский

---