Contrasted host specificity of gut and endosymbiont bacterial communities in alpine grasshoppers and crickets

ISME Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Bacteria colonize the body of macroorganisms to form associations ranging from parasitic mutualistic. Endosymbiont and gut symbiont communities are distinct microbiomes whose compositions influenced by host ecology evolution. Although composition horizontally acquired can correlate species identity (i.e. harbor specificity) phylogeny phylosymbiosis), we hypothesize that microbiota structure vertically inherited symbionts (e.g. endosymbionts like Wolbachia) is more strongly associated with than most symbionts). Here, using 16S metabarcoding on 336 guts 24 orthopteran (grasshoppers crickets) in Alps, observed correlated identity, i.e. hosts same had similar different species. This effect was ~5 times stronger for putative symbionts. elevation microbiome composition, did not detect phylosymbiosis symbionts: closely related distantly Our findings indicate studied habitat phylogeny. The higher specificity corroborates idea that—everything else being equal—vertically transmitted microbes signal, but absence suggests changes quickly evolutionary time scales.

Language: Английский

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Succession of microbial community composition and secondary metabolism during marine biofilm development

ISME Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract In nature, secondary metabolites mediate interactions between microorganisms residing in complex microbial communities. However, the degree to which community dynamics can be linked metabolite potential remains largely unknown. this study, we address relationship succession and metabolism variation. We used 16S 18S rRNA gene adenylation domain amplicon sequencing, genome-resolved metagenomics, untargeted metabolomics track taxons, biosynthetic clusters, metabolome situ of during marine biofilm over 113 days. Two phases were identified succession, with a clear shift around Day 29, where alkaloid metabolites, pseudanes, also detected. The changed phases, only few members, including Myxococotta spp., responsible for majority cluster early phase. late phase, bryozoans benthic copepods detected, nonribosomal peptide drastically decreased association reduction relative abundance prolific producers. Conclusively, study provides evidence that favors prokaryotes high synthetase potential. contrast, is dominated by multicellular eukaryotes bacterial

Language: Английский

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Circumtropical distribution and cryptic species of the meiofaunal enteropneust Meioglossus (Harrimaniidae, Hemichordata)

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 23, 2024

Hemichordata has always played a central role in evolutionary studies of Chordata due to their close phylogenetic affinity and shared morphological characteristics. Hemichordates had no meiofaunal representatives until the surprising discovery microscopic, paedomorphic enteropneust Meioglossus psammophilus (Harrimaniidae, Hemichordata) from Caribbean 2012. No additional species have been described since, questioning broader distribution significance this genus. However, being less than millimeter long superficially resembling an early juvenile acorn worm, may easily be overlooked both macrofauna meiofauna surveys. We here present 11 populations shallow subtropical tropical coralline sands Sea, Red Indian Ocean, East China Sea. These geographically separated show identical morphology but differ genetically. Our reconstructions include four gene markers support monophyly Meioglossus. Species delineation analyses revealed eight new cryptic species, which we herein describe using DNA taxonomy. This study reveals broad circumtropical distribution, supporting validity ecological importance enigmatic meiobenthic The high diversity apparent stasis exemplify potentially common 'dead-end' scenario, where groups with highly miniaturized simplified body plan lose ability diversify morphologically.

Language: Английский

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Resistance to freezing conditions of endemic Antarctic polychaetes is enhanced by cryoprotective proteins produced by their microbiome

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(25)

Published: June 21, 2024

The microbiome plays a key role in the health of all metazoans. Whether and how favors adaptation processes organisms to extreme conditions, such as those Antarctica, which are incompatible with most metazoans, is still unknown. We investigated three endemic widespread species Antarctic polychaetes:

Language: Английский

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Source and variation of the amazing live Sea-Monkey microbiome

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(8), P. e0308763 - e0308763

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

An embryonic diapause in unfavourable conditions has allowed brine shrimp to thrive hypersaline environments and, unexpectedly, mail-order sachets and small, novelty tanks. Marketed as Sea-Monkeys®, each kit involves a 3-step process generate adult Artemia within matter of weeks. Whether these kits also allow for the maintenance host-associated microbiome is unclear. Therefore, comparing five replicate tanks under same culture conditions, we sequenced 16S ribosomal small subunit (SSU) gene analyse bacterial community compositions adults, their surrounding tank water, feed. Adult Sea-Monkeys® harboured that was clearly distinguishable from water food. Furthermore, individual had notable effect on fine-scale variation. Several Sea-Monkey variants appeared absent environmental samples included genera ( Leucobacter Microbacterium ) known confer desiccation resistance other hosts. Although taxonomy unclear, phylogenetic inference cytochrome c oxidase I (COXI) host animal suggests belong franciscana ‘superspecies’. Overall, appear be convenient scalable mesocosm study host-microbiome interactions could serve useful tool future invertebrate research, outreach, education.

Language: Английский

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