The Lancet Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100969 - 100969
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 277 - 277
Published: Jan. 20, 2025
Genomic applications in beef cattle disease prevention have gained traction recent years, offering new strategies for improving herd health and reducing economic losses the livestock industry. Advances genomics, including identification of genetic markers linked to resistance, provide powerful tools early detection, selection, management resistant infectious diseases. By incorporating genomic technologies such as whole-genome sequencing, genotyping, transcriptomics, researchers can identify specific variants associated with resistance pathogens like bovine respiratory Johne’s disease. These insights allow more accurate breeding programs aimed at enhancing overall resilience. particular, enables individuals superior traits immune function, need antibiotic treatments animal welfare. Moreover, precision medicine, powered by data, supports development tailored strategies, targeted vaccination plans antimicrobial stewardship. Incorporation also offers potential facilitating proactive interventions that reduce spread infections. Despite challenges cost, data interpretation integration into current systems, advantages are substantial. As these advance, they anticipated crucial roles sustainability (by performance), profitability longevity), biosecurity decreasing likelihood outbreaks) production systems worldwide.
Language: Английский
Citations
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medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 29, 2025
Abstract Improving infectious disease models plays a crucial role in mitigating global health impacts. Population-level have been essential for understanding and anticipating impacts of diseases, but their accuracy has often limited due to changing environments, rapid pathogen evolution, insufficient access detailed transmission data. In particular, the lack granular data, many epidemiological assume homogeneous rather than acknowledge differences between groups within host population. To address this gap, we conducted simulation study assess potential inferring group-structured viral dynamics from phylogenetic data demonstrate how age structure can be incorporated case projections. Using synthetic dataset 800 age-structured phylogenies associated time series, estimated rates groups. Our results show that estimates derived are more accurate those counts alone, although both approaches enabled recovery age-specific differences. These suggest case-count series each provide valuable improve our population-level dynamics, ultimately contributing effective informing public policy reducing burden.
Language: Английский
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Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 259 - 278
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 58
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Emerging infections have posed persistent threats to humanity throughout history. Rapid and unprecedented anthropogenic, behavioral, social transformations witnessed in the past century expedited emergence of novel pathogens, intensifying their impact on global human population. This study aimed comprehensively analyze compare genomic sequences four distinct viruses: SARS-CoV-2, SARS, MERS, Ebola. Advanced sequencing techniques a Gated Recurrent Unit-based deep learning model were used examine intricate genetic makeup these viruses. The proposed sheds light evolutionary dynamics, transmission patterns, pathogenicity contributes development effective diagnostic therapeutic interventions. exhibited exceptional performance as evidenced by accuracy values 99.01%, 98.91%, 98.35%, 98.04% for Ebola respectively. Precision ranged from 98.1% 98.72%, recall consistently surpassed 92%, F1 scores 95.47% 96.37%. These results underscore robustness this its potential utility analysis, paving way enhanced understanding, preparedness, response emerging viral threats. In future, research will focus creating better instruments early identification illnesses, developing vaccinations, tailoring treatments based composition patterns different can be modified more extensive variety diseases recently discovered viruses predict future outbreaks effects health.
Language: Английский
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Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 225 - 259
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Bioinformatics and Biology Insights, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19
Published: March 1, 2025
The importance of genomic surveillance strategies for pathogens has been particularly evident during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as data from causative agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have guided public health decisions worldwide. Bayesian phylodynamic inference, integrating epidemiology and evolutionary biology, become an essential tool in epidemiological surveillance. It enables estimation parameters, such reproductive number, pathogen sequence alone. Despite approach being widely adopted, abundance models often makes it challenging to select appropriate model specific research questions. This article illustrates application birth-death-sampling using data, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2. Targeting researchers less familiar phylodynamics, introduces comprehensive workflow, including conceptualisation study detailed steps preprocessing postprocessing. In addition, we demonstrate versatility through three case studies Germany, utilising BEAST2 software its implementations. Each addresses distinct question relevant not only SARS-CoV-2 but also other pathogens: Case 1 finds traces superspreading event at start early outbreak, exemplifying how simple can provide information that would otherwise be accessible extensive contact tracing. compares transmission dynamics nosocomial outbreak community transmission, highlighting integrative analysis. 3 investigates whether local patterns align national trends, demonstrating disentangle complex population substructure little additional information. For each study, emphasise critical points where assumptions properties may misalign outline validation assessments. Overall, aim examples epidemiology, balancing theoretical practical aspects.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Published: April 2, 2025
Rotavirus vaccine evaluations have noted small differences in effectiveness (VE) against rotavirus genotypes, defined by the two outer capsid proteins (VP7 or G-type and VP4 P-type). However, genomic landscape of group A (RVA) impact remaining nine genome segments (i.e., “backbone”) on VE are not fully understood. We incorporated whole sequence (WGS) data to characterize viruses responsible for rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis (RVGE) between vaccinated unvaccinated individuals United States (U.S.).We analyzed 254 RVGE cases with WGS from seven U.S. New Vaccine Surveillance Network sites during 2012-2016. Using a “sieve analysis” framework, we evaluated variability protection based genetic distance (GD) at WGS-level as percent nucleotide difference each case strain strain(s). Strain-specific estimates were calculated using test-negative design, controlling potential cofounders. Separate analyses performed monovalent Rotarix® (RV1, GlaxoSmithKline) pentavalent RotaTeq® (RV5, Merck & Co.). also examined site-specific diversity circulating RVA strains relation coverage.RV1-vaccinated more likely be infected greater than 9.6% GD RV1 (unadjusted OR = 3.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15, 8.03). Strains genogroup 1 (Wa-like) backbone represented majority (99%) below threshold, whereas distant had backbones that resembled 2 (DS-1-like) reassortant strains. The showed evidence substantially better lower (VE 80%, CI: 68%, 89%) compared 51%, -29%, 82%). RV5 demonstrated similar but less pronounced pattern minimum Sites higher usage shift distribution towards strain, trend observed RV5.Incorporating complete structure reveals correlates non-outer proteins. Our WGS-based analysis clearly differentiated VP7 alone. With vaccines pipeline, understanding contribution all gene immune will key ensuring long-term success vaccination programs.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Published: April 2, 2025
Rotavirus vaccine evaluations have noted small differences in effectiveness (VE) against rotavirus genotypes, defined by the two outer capsid proteins (VP7 or G-type and VP4 P-type). However, genomic landscape of group A (RVA) impact remaining nine genome segments (i.e., “backbone”) on VE are not fully understood. We incorporated whole sequence (WGS) data to characterize viruses responsible for rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis (RVGE) between vaccinated unvaccinated individuals United States (U.S.).We analyzed 254 RVGE cases with WGS from seven U.S. New Vaccine Surveillance Network sites during 2012-2016. Using a “sieve analysis” framework, we evaluated variability protection based genetic distance (GD) at WGS-level as percent nucleotide difference each case strain strain(s). Strain-specific estimates were calculated using test-negative design, controlling potential cofounders. Separate analyses performed monovalent Rotarix® (RV1, GlaxoSmithKline) pentavalent RotaTeq® (RV5, Merck & Co.). also examined site-specific diversity circulating RVA strains relation coverage.RV1-vaccinated more likely be infected greater than 9.6% GD RV1 (unadjusted OR = 3.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15, 8.03). Strains genogroup 1 (Wa-like) backbone represented majority (99%) below threshold, whereas distant had backbones that resembled 2 (DS-1-like) reassortant strains. The showed evidence substantially better lower (VE 80%, CI: 68%, 89%) compared 51%, -29%, 82%). RV5 demonstrated similar but less pronounced pattern minimum Sites higher usage shift distribution towards strain, trend observed RV5.Incorporating complete structure reveals correlates non-outer proteins. Our WGS-based analysis clearly differentiated VP7 alone. With vaccines pipeline, understanding contribution all gene immune will key ensuring long-term success vaccination programs.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: April 16, 2025
Understanding and adopting various methods for monitoring viral outbreaks is required pathogen surveillance. Accurate diagnosis can play a significant role in the safe effective treatment prescribed. Africa remains burdened with host of infectious diseases, which challenges healthcare systems proper management diseases. Surveillance are implemented some parts that have infrastructure funding to perform routine testing screening. However, not all this continent equipped necessary tools support. With travel, tourism goods exchange, diseases spread across borders rapidly, posing threat global health, emphasising unified need efforts prevent, detect, act on disease through improved access vaccinations treatments. Effective response depends several elements, including laboratory capacity, skilled health staff, surveillance detect limit illnesses rapidly. Traditional molecular such as genotyping polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection now being complemented like next-generation sequencing clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). This book chapter aims summarise current broadly describes issue climate change its impact outbreaks.
Language: Английский
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Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)
Published: April 30, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0