Pathogens and planetary change

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Emerging infectious diseases, biodiversity loss, and anthropogenic environmental change are interconnected crises with massive social ecological costs. In this Review, we discuss how pathogens parasites responding to global change, the implications for pandemic prevention conservation. Ecological evolutionary principles help explain why both pandemics wildlife die-offs becoming more common; land-use loss often followed by an increase in zoonotic vector-borne diseases; some species, such as bats, host so many emerging pathogens. To prevent next pandemic, scientists should focus on monitoring limiting spread of a handful high-risk viruses, especially at key interfaces farms live-animal markets. But address much broader set disease risks associated Anthropocene, decision-makers will need develop comprehensive strategies that include pathogen surveillance across species ecosystems; conservation-based interventions reduce human–animal contact protect health; health system strengthening; improvements epidemic preparedness response. Scientists can contribute these efforts filling gaps data, expanding evidence base disease–driver relationships interventions. This Review explores relationship between diseases connected changes Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

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Bat coronavirus surveillance across different habitats in Yucatán, México

Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 603, P. 110401 - 110401

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Language: Английский

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Panoramic analysis of coronaviruses carried by representative bat species in Southern China to better understand the coronavirus sphere

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 8, 2023

Bats, recognized as considerable reservoirs for coronaviruses (CoVs), serve natural hosts several highly pathogenic CoVs, including SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Investigating the bat CoV community provides insights into origin CoVs highlights with potential spillover risks. This study probes evolution, recombination, host range, geographical distribution, cross-species transmission characteristics of across China its associated in other regions. Through detailed research on 13,064 samples from 14 provinces China, 1141 strains are found 10 subgenera one unclassified Alpha-CoV, generating 399 complete genome sequences. Within 11 new species identified 425 recombination events detected. Bats southern particularly Yunnan province, exhibit a pronounced diversity CoVs. Limited sampling low detection rates exist Myotacovirus, Nyctacovirus, Hibecovirus, Nobecovirus China. The genus Myotis is highlighted ancestral Hipposideros suggested likely progenitor bat-associated Beta-CoV, indicating complexity dynamics. comprehensive analysis, this enriches understanding offers valuable resource future research.

Language: Английский

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Detection, characterization, and phylogenetic analysis of novel astroviruses from endemic Malagasy fruit bats

Virology Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Bats (order: Chiroptera) are known to host a diverse range of viruses, some which present human public health risk. Thorough viral surveillance is therefore essential predict and potentially mitigate zoonotic spillover. Astroviruses (family: Astroviridae) an understudied group viruses with growing amount indirect evidence for transfer. have been detected in bats significant prevalence diversity, suggesting that may act as important astrovirus hosts. Most wild bat hosts has, date, restricted single-gene PCR detection concomitant Sanger sequencing; additionally, many species geographic regions not yet surveyed astroviruses at all. Here, we use metagenomic Next Generation Sequencing (mNGS) detect three Madagascar fruit bats, Eidolon dupreanum, Pteropus rufus, Rousettus madagascariensis. We numerous partial sequences from all one near-full length sequence madagascariensis, characterize the evolutionary history both within broader mammalian clade, Mamastrovirus. Taken together, applications mNGS implicate demonstrate novel patterns history, particularly Southwest Indian Ocean region.

Language: Английский

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Bat Viral Shedding: A Review of Seasonal Patterns and Risk Factors

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Background: Bats act as reservoirs for a variety of zoonotic viruses, sometimes leading to spillover into humans and potential risks global transmission. Viral shedding from bats is an essential prerequisite bat-to-human viral transmission understanding the timing intensity critical mitigate risks. However, there are limited investigations on bats' seasonal patterns their related risk factors. We conducted comprehensive review longitudinal studies bat viruses with synthesize explore associated Methods: extracted data 60 reviewed articles obtained 1085 sampling events. analyzed events using entropy values quantitatively assess whether they occur in consistent, pulsed pattern given season. Results: found that clear were common bats. Eight out seventeen species-level analyses presented patterns. pulses often coincide life cycles, especially weaning parturition seasons. Juvenile waning maternal antibodies, pregnant undergoing immunity changes, hibernation periods decreased immune responses could be factors influencing Conclusion: Based our findings, we recommend future combine direct testing serological testing, prioritize research following young throughout developmental stages, broaden geographical range based current surveillance reports. Our identified heightened some species, which would help promote efforts minimize spillovers prevent outbreaks.

Language: Английский

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A framework to predict zoonotic hosts under data uncertainty: A case study on betacoronaviruses

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Abstract Modelling approaches aimed at identifying unknown hosts of zoonotic pathogens have the potential to make high‐impact contributions global strategies for risk surveillance. However, geographical and taxonomic biases in host–pathogen associations affect reliability models their predictions. Here, we propose a methodological framework mitigate effect data account uncertainty models' Our approach involves ‘pseudo‐negative’ species integrating sampling into modelling pipeline. We present an application on genus Betacoronavirus provide estimates mammal‐borne betacoronavirus hazard scale. show that inclusion pseudo‐negatives analysis improved overall validation performance our model when compared does not use pseudo‐negatives, especially reducing rate false positives. Results unveil currently unrecognised hotspots subequatorial Africa Americas. addresses crucial limitations association modelling, with important downstream implications assessments. The proposed is adaptable different multi‐host disease systems may be used identify surveillance priorities as well knowledge gaps pathogens' host‐range.

Language: Английский

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Phylogenetic relationships and species composition of host community influence the transmission of coronaviruses in sympatric bats

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108343 - 108343

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Molecular Surveillance for Potential Zoonotic Pathogens in Troglophilus Bats: Detection and Molecular Characterization of Bat Coronaviruses in Southern Italy

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 457 - 457

Published: May 7, 2025

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has renewed interest in bats, as they are natural hosts for numerous viruses, some of which have crossed species boundaries. Despite continued efforts the past, ecology bat-related viruses a significant part national territories, such Italy, remains largely unexplored. Herein, we describe detection and molecular characterization bat coronaviruses, identified during viral survey on selected potential zoonotic pathogens (lyssavirus coronaviruses) carried out Sicily, southern Italy. A total number 330 samples were collected from 149 bats period (November 2020–April 2023) overlapping pandemic. All tested negative lyssavirus SARS-CoV-2, while 12 (8.05%) positive to pan-coronavirus assay. Both alphacoronaviruses betacoronaviruses three (Miniopterus schreibersii, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, hipposideros). Strain sequences related coronaviruses detected last decade northern Italy well other countries bordering Mediterranean basin, suggesting widespread diffusion these strains. This study supports need further monitoring early circulating coronavirus genotypes, particularly those been repeatedly emerging spillovers.

Language: Английский

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Circulation characteristics of bat coronaviruses linked to bat ecological factors in Korea, 2021-2022.

Virulence, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 8, 2025

Considering that bat ecology alterations may be linked with pathogen spillover, research on coronaviruses, particularly the infection and transmission pattern among bats in relation their ecology, is essential. We captured distributed Korea from 2021 to 2022, examined coronaviruses oral swabs, faeces, urine, ectoparasites, were able detect alphacoronavirus. investigated but noted no substantial differences body condition index coronavirus-positive bats. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed ecological factors significantly associated roost type, sample species. Coronavirus-positive ectoparasite cases suggested additional study potential role of them as viral vectors or fomites. Reinfection a different coronavirus recaptured was evident, suggesting possibility circulation can evade protective immunity acquired previous infections. The present findings provide comprehensive information dynamics within populations ecology.

Language: Английский

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Surveying Bat-Hosted Adenoviruses and Herpesviruses: A Comprehensive Analysis

Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 46 - 46

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Bats have gained cumulative attention as potential reservoirs for viruses, being crucial to increase our ability predict viral prevalence and transmissions, well support the possible management of future zoonotic episodes. Following PRISMA standard systematic review protocols, we conducted a comprehensive search worldwide scientific papers dealing with bat-hosted viruses Adenoviridae Herpesviridae families. The was completed using Scopus, CABI, SciELO, databases bat-associated these two families Google Scholar engine. Our comprised total 2656 papers. After thorough screening papers, selected study 90 published between 1996 2022. We found marked taxonomic spatial biases, most studied bats predominantly vespertilionids, rhinolophids, phyllostomids, pteropodids, whereas other (e.g., Natalidae, Noctilionidae, Furipteridae) are still lacking information. areas southern east Asia, although there large (north Africa, Middle East, all way central or northern Asia) overlooked. Out number many 55 identified Adenovirus (AdV) 54 Herpesvirus (HSV). revision reveals presence AdVs in 97 bat species from 42 genera 11 HSVs is reported also 109 45 10 Although both general show clear host specificity parallel evolution their hosts, results point cross, some cases, barriers.

Language: Английский

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