Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(6), P. 804 - 819
Published: June 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 161 - 172
Published: Jan. 4, 2024
Abstract Phages can use a small-molecule communication arbitrium system to coordinate lysis–lysogeny decisions, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here we determined that in Bacillus subtilis phage phi3T modulates bacterial toxin–antitoxin MazE–MazF regulate life cycle. We show expresses AimX and YosL, which bind inactivate MazF. also inhibits function of phi3T_93, protein promotes lysogeny by binding MazE releasing Overall, these mutually exclusive interactions promote lytic cycle phage. After several rounds infection, phage-encoded AimP peptide accumulates intracellularly inactivates antiterminator AimR, process eliminates aim X expression from P promoter. Therefore, when increases, MazF activity reversion back lysogeny, since is absent. Altogether, our study reveals evolutionary strategy used control domesticating fine-tuning phage-defence mechanism.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Nucleic Acids Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 53(3)
Published: Jan. 24, 2025
Abstract RNA endonucleases are the rate-limiting initiator of decay for many bacterial mRNAs. However, positions cleavage and their sequence determinants remain elusive even well-studied Bacillus subtilis. Here we present two complementary approaches—transcriptome-wide mapping endoribonucleolytic activity deep mutational scanning sites—that reveal distinct rules governing specificity among B. subtilis endoribonucleases. Detection terminal nucleotides in both 5′- 3′-exonuclease-deficient cells revealed >103 putative endonucleolytic sites with single-nucleotide resolution. We found a surprisingly weak consensus RNase Y targets, contrastingly strong primary motif EndoA long-range intramolecular secondary structures III targets. Deep analysis showed that is governed by disjointed features. Our results highlight delocalized nature mRNA stability provide strategy elucidating endoribonuclease vivo.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
mSystems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 27, 2025
ABSTRACT Toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems consist of toxic proteins and their inhibitors, were originally shown to ensure plasmid maintenance in bacterial populations. Over time, however, TA have also been identified on chromosomes, raising questions about roles unrelated stability. Among the eight currently recognized types systems, type II has most extensively investigated. Type are often found pathogenic species, including staphylococci. Staphylococcus aureus , a notorious human pathogen, harbors multiple both plasmid- chromosome-encoded, while potential relation virulence remains be addressed. Here, we investigate co-occurrence antibiotic resistance (AR) determinants S. focusing negative impact toxin RNases resistance. We considered well-characterized newly characterized loci . Our findings demonstrate relationship between AR determinants, wherein negatively affect Due substantial selective pressure, migration from plasmids chromosomes results inactivation. This observation may an important factor shaping spread evolution bacteria. exemplify this phenomenon detail using well-known PemIK-Sa1 system SCCmec-related PemIK-Sa6 study. IMPORTANCE entities unique They involved mobile genetic elements (MGEs), regulation gene expression virulence. is dangerous pathogen with increasing (AR). The dissemination driven by MGEs, which link systems. study correlation Furthermore, that component exemplary affects argue particular strains, pressure maintains either or determinant. Alternatively, inactivated mutations when present together maintain functionality latter. observations uncover bacteria, especially relevant species.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: May 22, 2024
I. ABSTRACT Bacteriophage (phage) infect, lyse, and propagate within bacterial populations. However, physiological changes in cell state can protect against infection even genetically susceptible One such example is the generation of endospores by Bacillus its relatives, characterized a reversible reduced metabolic activity that protects cells stressors including desiccation, energy limitation, antibiotics, phage. Here we tested how sporulation at cellular scale impacts phage dynamics population scales when propagating amongst B. subtilis spatially structured environments. Initially, found plaques resulting from lysis were approximately 3-fold smaller on lawns sporulating wild-type bacteria vs. non-sporulating bacteria. Notably, plaque size was due to an early termination expanding rather than reduction growth speed. Microscopic imaging revealed ‘sporulation rings’, i.e., spores enriched around edges relative phage-free regions. We developed series mathematical models phage, bacteria, spore, small molecules recapitulate identify putative mechanism: rings arise response lytic activity. In aggregate, inhibit accessing sufficient resources are available for further lysis. Together, our findings dormancy self-limit infections scales, opening new avenues explore entangled fates phages their hosts environmental therapeutic contexts.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 13, 2023
ABSTRACT RNA endonucleases are the rate-limiting initiator of decay for many bacterial mRNAs. However, positions cleavage and their sequence determinants remain elusive even well-studied Bacillus subtilis . Here we present two complementary approaches – transcriptome-wide mapping endoribonucleolytic activity deep mutational scanning sites that reveal distinct rules governing specificity among B. endoribonucleases. Detection terminal nucleotides in both 5′- 3′-exonuclease-deficient cells revealed >10 3 putative endonucleolytic with single-nucleotide resolution. We found a surprisingly weak consensus RNase Y targets, contrastingly strong primary motif EndoA long-range intramolecular secondary structures III targets. Deep analysis showed is governed by disjointed features, each mild contributions. Our results highlight delocalized nature mRNA stability provide strategy elucidating endoribonuclease vivo
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Current Opinion in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 80, P. 102519 - 102519
Published: July 22, 2024
Phages have wide influence on bacterial physiology, and likewise, processes impinge phage biology. Key to these interactions are small proteins (<100 aa). Long underappreciated, recent work has revealed millions of proteins, increasingly, mechanisms by which they function dictate and/or behavior evolution. Here, we describe select that mediate phage-bacterial modulating lifestyle decision-making components or altering host gene expression.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 98(11)
Published: Oct. 24, 2024
ABSTRACT Toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems are present in nearly every prokaryotic genome and play the important physiological roles of phage inhibition by reducing metabolism (this includes persistence for extreme case complete cessation metabolism), genetic element stabilization, biofilm formation. TA have also been incorporated into other cell systems, such as CRISPR-Cas quorum sensing. For simplest best-studied case, proteinaceous toxins antitoxins (i.e., type II), toxin activity is masked direct binding antitoxin. A long-standing, unresolved question field how activated when bound to at nanomolar affinity. The current paradigm envisions preferential degradation antitoxin a protease, but this highly unlikely that protease cannot discriminate between because both structured. Strikingly, recent results from several studies show one likely mechanism activation conformational changes complex result release or protein trigger, phages, thermally-driven refolding dynamics.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: July 30, 2024
Abstract Bacteriophage (viruses that exclusively infect bacteria) exhibit a continuum of infection mechanisms, including lysis and lysogeny in interactions with bacterial hosts. Recent work has demonstrated the near-term advantages over conditions low host availability. Hence, temperate phage which can switch between lytic lysogenic strategies — both stochastically responsively are hypothesized to have an evolutionary advantage broad range conditions. To examine generalized drivers viral near- long-term, we explore eco-evolutionary dynamics viruses periodic environments varying levels availability mortality. We use nonlinear system ordinary differential equation simulate periodically-forced separate ‘within-epoch’ phase ‘between-epoch’ phase, (potentially unequal) fraction virus particles lysogens survive. Using this ecological model invasion analysis, show quantify how conflicts arise may favor long-term lysogeny. In doing so, identify wide outperform obligately or strategies. Finally, demonstrate mitigate against potential local extinction fluctuating environments, providing further evidence benefits being temperate.
Language: Английский
Citations
0