Electrospinning spinneret: A bridge between the visible world and the invisible nanostructures

The Innovation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 100381 - 100381

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Fabricating novel structures allows for the development of innovative technologies in nanoscience. The methods to fabricate nanomaterials can be categorized based on key elements determining final materials. Electrospinning exhibits unparalleled advantages fabrication nanofiber-based by benefitting from effective interactions between electrostatic energy and working fluids a spinneret. As convergence point energy, structure spinneret nozzle plays an important role process resulting quality fibrous structures.1Xue J. Wu T. Dai Y. Xia electrospun nanofibers: methods, materials, applications.Chem. Rev. 2019; 119: 5298-5415Crossref PubMed Scopus (2093) Google Scholar appropriate design application multiple-channel provide strategies duplicate complicated visible world "invisible" nanoscale, which stimulate new types bionic approaches promote nanodevices with even smaller (picotechnology), more orderly (array), complex compared those existing Conventionally, electrospinning is solely single hollow metal capillary where, its top, spherical droplet could evolve into Taylor cone under applied direct current or alternating current. However, conventional spinnerets often result solid fibers all compositions mixed filament-forming matrix. Although they may exploited as templates further fabrication, it difficult directly control inner porosity, morphology, fiber materials syringe-based emerging applications catalysis, storage/conversion, environmental biomedical areas require not only contain two polymer solutions but also incorporate nonpolymeric such oxides, ceramics, semiconductor drugs. Thus, produced have limited these areas. Along fast science technology this nano era, faces challenges accurate manipulation nanofibers their related properties. lies spinneret, template duplicating nanostructures macrostructure nozzle. Bionic ancient yet contemporary discipline that has been developed bionics design. consists imitating unique skills living things designing products solving problems using biological functional principles mechanical Technology transfer life forms manufactured objects desirable, feature animal plant achieve unintended possibilities. observed systems (Figure 1). Traditional uniaxial uses syringe needle, whereas original needle assumed inspired bladders goose feathers, respectively. With technology, use coaxial renders powerful fabricating method, enabling creation are spinnable core sheath, well other structures.2Loscertales I.G. Barrero A. Guerrero I. Cortijo R. Marquez M. Gañán-Calvo A.M. Micro/Nano encapsulation via electrified liquid jets.Science. 2002; 295: 1695-1698Crossref (898) Various mimicked available nature. From studying cross-section bamboo, consisting capillaries different diameters developed. During heavy mineral oil PVP/Ti(OiPr)4 outer shell, TiO2 tubular obtained. Using approach, core-shell nanofiber prepared; however, creating artificial versions multichannel natural formations at micrometer nanometer scale remains challenge. Mimicking shape razor clams realization nanowire-in-tube morphology feasible. three stainless-steel diameters, inner, middle, separately fed. This separation precursor (Ti(OBu)4 sol ethanol solution) owing presence middle fluid spacer layer (paraffin oil/water emulsion). In process, conductive exterior stretched force charge repulsion when high voltage entire collectively lengthened shear pressure. After calcination remove organics, nanowires obtained tube. Therefore, inorganic successfully fabricated, organic composites composed polyacrylonitrile wire polystyrene shell generated. pig snout would unlikely inspiration design.3Chang S. Wang Zhang F. Liu X. Yu D.G. Shen H. Sheath-separate-core nanocomposites fabricated trifluid electrospinning.Mater. Des. 2020; 192108782Crossref (67) Chang et al. used design, oval-shaped tube channels, generate sheath containing center. implementing facilitated sheath-separate-core nanofibers. Eudragit copolymers varied pH-dependent solubility one nanofiber. Lotus roots many channels morphologies. Based lotus root, multifluid compound jet Specifically, three-channel metallic vertices equilateral triangle inserted plastic syringe. tubes variable channel numbers, two, four, five feasible manner. study shellfish began than 2,000 years ago Greek philosopher Aristotle. Later, discovered beautiful pyramid-shaped fossil conch, Entemnotrochus rumphii. An similar pyramid-like was designed, finer narrow distribution were More importantly, needle-less setups productivity ∼4.00 g/h, much higher single-needle 0.01–0.10 g/h. seedpod provides idea multineedle electrospinning. These needles arranged linear array certain geometric patterns, circular, triangular, square, hexagonal pattern. paths jets become irregular because electric field coulombic force, therefore capability method limited. possibility unconventional various morphologies hollow; sheath-separate-core; three, channels; nanowire microtube. properties prepared technique offer wide range potentials pathways.4Shi Si Han Iqbal M.I. Fei B. Li R.K.Y. Hu Qu Recent progress protective membranes electrospinning: advanced biomimetic structures, applications.Adv. Mater. 2022; 342107938Crossref (59) Scholar,5Xiong Hua D. Van Hoeck Berdecka Léger L. De Munter Fraire J.C. Raes Harizaj Sauvage Goetgeluk G. Pille Aalders Belza Acker Bolea-Fernandez E. Vanhaecke Vos W.H. Vandekerckhove van Hengel Raemdonck K. Huang C. Smedt S.C. Braeckmans Photothermal nanofibres enable safe engineering therapeutic cells.Nat. Nanotechnol. 2021; 16: 1281-1291Crossref (142) Several interesting examples listed follows: (1) closed cavities typically detrimental transport substances; fibers, multiple chambers easily pollutant absorption, supercapacitors, batteries. (2) Multiple within multidrug combinability, both therapeutics diagnostics components integrated material. (3) Core-shell multilevel filtration effect, enlarged surface area large contact target electrolyte, applications. (4) special multiple-needle possibly morphological control. subtle formation several limitations exist. For example, miscibility compatibility solvent must carefully considered Furthermore, detailed relationship required. designed low productivity. future prospect, worth exploring further, evolving electrospinning, recent advances hollow, core-shell, feeding capillaries. Multineedle advantage producing Significantly, without clogging issues. operated simultaneously increase throughput. Studying designs preparing meet real-world demands, approach will play technology. authors like acknowledge financial support research received Ministry Science China-Korea Youth Researcher Exchange Program (2022–09), National Natural Foundation China (52203006), Shanghai Sailing (21YF1431000). declare no competing interests.

Language: Английский

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Flexible electronics for cardiovascular healthcare monitoring

The Innovation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(5), P. 100485 - 100485

Published: July 25, 2023

•Flexible electronics can revolutionize cardiovascular healthcare monitoring.•Flexible aid in promptly identifying disease indicators, enabling better personalized treatment.•Further developments include wireless design, miniaturization, multifunction, artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis, virtual medicine, customized healthcare, etc. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most urgent threats to humans worldwide, which responsible for almost one-third global mortality. Over last decade, research on flexible monitoring and treatment CVDs has attracted tremendous attention. In contrast conventional medical instruments hospitals that usually bulky, hard move, monofunctional, time-consuming, capable continuous, noninvasive, real-time, portable monitoring. Notable progress been made this emerging field, thus a number significant achievements concomitant prospects deserve attention practical implementation. Here, we comprehensively review latest CVDs, focusing new functions provided by electronics. First, characteristics foundation their combination briefly reviewed. Then, four representative applications elaborated: blood pressure (BP) monitoring, electrocardiogram (ECG) echocardiogram direct epicardium Their operational principles, progress, merits demerits, future efforts discussed. Finally, remaining challenges opportunities outlined.

Language: Английский

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Multifunctional electrospun nanofibrous membrane: An effective method for water purification

Separation and Purification Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 327, P. 124952 - 124952

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review of Small Interfering RNAs (siRNAs): Mechanism, Therapeutic Targets, and Delivery Strategies for Cancer Therapy

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 7605 - 7635

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery by nanocarriers has been identified as a promising strategy in the study and treatment of cancer. Short nucleotide sequences are synthesized exogenously to create siRNA, which triggers interference (RNAi) cells silences target gene expression sequence-specific way. As nucleic acid-based medicine that gained popularity recently, siRNA exhibits novel potential for However, there still many obstacles overcome before clinical devices can be developed. In this review, we discuss prospective targets drug design, explain properties benefits, give an overview current therapeutics Additionally, introduce chemical modifications systems clinically sophisticated classify bioresponsive materials release methodical manner. This review will serve reference researchers developing more precise efficient targeted systems, promoting ongoing advances applications.

Language: Английский

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Biodegradable Electrospun Membranes for Sustainable Industrial Applications

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(10), P. 11129 - 11147

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

The escalating demand for sustainable industrial practices has driven the exploration of innovative materials, prominently exemplified by biodegradable electrospun membranes (BEMs). This review elucidates pivotal role these across diverse applications, addressing imperative sustainability. Furthermore, a comprehensive overview materials underscores their significance in electrospinning and minimizing environmental impact through biodegradability. application BEMs various sectors, including water treatment, food packaging, biomedical are extensively discussed. sustainability analysis traverse lifecycle BEMs, evaluating production to disposal emphasizing reduced waste resource conservation. demonstrates research about toward an eco-conscious landscape future.

Language: Английский

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