Experimental Hematology and Oncology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: April 23, 2022
During
the
course
of
tumorigenesis
and
subsequent
metastasis,
malignant
cells
gradually
diversify
become
more
heterogeneous.
Consequently,
tumor
mass
might
be
infiltrated
by
diverse
immune-related
components,
including
cytokine/chemokine
environment,
cytotoxic
activity,
or
immunosuppressive
elements.
This
immunological
heterogeneity
is
universally
presented
spatially
varies
temporally
along
with
evolution
therapeutic
intervention
across
almost
all
solid
tumors.
The
anti-tumor
immunity
shows
a
profound
association
progression
disease
responsiveness
to
treatment,
particularly
in
realm
immunotherapy.
Therefore,
an
accurate
understanding
essential
for
development
effective
therapies.
Facilitated
multi-regional
-omics
sequencing,
single
cell
longitudinal
liquid
biopsy
approaches,
recent
studies
have
demonstrated
potential
investigate
complexity
tumors
its
clinical
relevance
Here,
we
aimed
review
mechanism
underlying
immune
microenvironment.
We
also
explored
how
assessments
facilitate
personalized
Cancer Discovery,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(4), P. 933 - 959
Published: April 1, 2021
Abstract
Strategies
to
therapeutically
target
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
have
emerged
as
a
promising
approach
for
cancer
treatment
in
recent
years
due
critical
roles
of
TME
regulating
progression
and
modulating
response
standard-of-care
therapies.
Here,
we
summarize
current
knowledge
regarding
most
advanced
TME-directed
therapies,
which
either
been
clinically
approved
or
are
currently
being
evaluated
trials,
including
immunotherapies,
antiangiogenic
drugs,
treatments
directed
against
cancer-associated
fibroblasts
extracellular
matrix.
We
also
discuss
some
challenges
associated
with
future
perspectives
this
evolving
field.
Significance:
This
review
provides
comprehensive
analysis
therapies
targeting
TME,
combining
discussion
underlying
basic
biology
clinical
evaluation
different
therapeutic
approaches,
highlighting
perspectives.
Cell Death and Disease,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11(11)
Published: Nov. 26, 2020
Abstract
Chemotherapy,
radiation
therapy,
as
well
targeted
anticancer
agents
can
induce
clinically
relevant
tumor-targeting
immune
responses,
which
critically
rely
on
the
antigenicity
of
malignant
cells
and
their
capacity
to
generate
adjuvant
signals.
In
particular,
immunogenic
cell
death
(ICD)
is
accompanied
by
exposure
release
numerous
damage-associated
molecular
patterns
(DAMPs),
altogether
confer
a
robust
adjuvanticity
dying
cancer
cells,
they
favor
recruitment
activation
antigen-presenting
cells.
ICD-associated
DAMPs
include
surface-exposed
calreticulin
(CALR)
secreted
ATP,
annexin
A1
(ANXA1),
type
I
interferon,
high-mobility
group
box
1
(HMGB1).
Additional
hallmarks
ICD
encompass
phosphorylation
eukaryotic
translation
initiation
factor
2
subunit-α
(EIF2S1,
better
known
eIF2α),
autophagy,
global
arrest
in
transcription
translation.
Here,
we
outline
methodological
approaches
for
measuring
markers
vitro
ex
vivo
discovery
next-generation
antineoplastic
agents,
development
personalized
regimens,
identification
optimal
therapeutic
combinations
clinical
management
cancer.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
6(1)
Published: Feb. 23, 2021
Abstract
The
current
treatment
strategies
in
advanced
malignancies
remain
limited.
Notably,
immunotherapies
have
raised
hope
for
a
successful
control
of
these
diseases,
but
their
therapeutic
responses
are
suboptimal
and
vary
considerably
among
individuals.
Tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
major
component
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
often
correlated
with
poor
prognosis
therapy
resistance,
including
immunotherapies.
Thus,
deeper
understanding
complex
roles
TAMs
immunotherapy
regulation
could
provide
new
insight
into
TME.
Furthermore,
targeting
is
an
emerging
field
interest
due
to
that
will
synergize
In
this
review,
we
summarize
recent
studies
investigating
involvement
immune
checkpoint
inhibition,
vaccines
adoptive
cell
transfer
therapies,
discuss
potential
as
adjuvant
