Apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in atherogenesis

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Responsive probes for in vivo magnetic resonance imaging of nitric oxide

Nature Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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Golgi protein 73: the driver of inflammation in the immune and tumor microenvironment

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Golgi Protein 73 (GP73) is a Golgi-resident protein that highly expressed in primary tumor tissues. Initially identified as an oncoprotein, GP73 has been shown to promote development, particularly by mediating the transport of proteins related epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thus facilitating cell EMT. Though our previous review summarized functional roles intracellular signal transduction and its various mechanisms promoting EMT, recent studies have revealed plays crucial role regulating immune microenvironment. can modulate signaling pathways influence cytokine chemokine networks, resulting inflammation caused viral bacterial infection or diseases, leading microenvironment deteriorated. Additionally, extracellular also regulate target cells binding their cell-surface receptors entering acceptor cells, thereby development. In this review, we aim summarize findings, providing insights for future investigations on potential therapeutic ameliorating chronic

Language: Английский

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Hypercholesterolemia and inflammation—Cooperative cardiovascular risk factors

European Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 6, 2024

Abstract Background Maintaining low concentrations of plasma low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) over time decreases the number LDL particles trapped within artery wall, slows progression atherosclerosis and delays age at which mature atherosclerotic plaques develop. This substantially reduces lifetime risk cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events. In this context, plaque development vulnerability result not only from lipid accumulation but also inflammation. Results Changes in composition immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic T B mast cells neutrophils, along with altered cytokine chemokine release, disrupt equilibrium between inflammation anti‐inflammatory mechanisms sites. Considering that it is a competition LDLc inflammation, instead they are partners crime, present narrative review aims to give an overview main inflammatory molecular pathways linked raised describe impact lipid‐lowering approaches on burden. Although remarkable changes driven by most recent lowering combinations, relative reduction C‐reactive protein appears be independent magnitude lowering. Conclusion Identifying clinical biomarkers (e.g. interleukin‐6) possible targets for therapy holds promise monitoring reducing ASCVD burden suitable patients.

Language: Английский

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Reconstruction of Central Arterial Pressure Waveform Based on CBL-iTransformerModel from Radial Arterial Pressure Waveform

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The central arterial pressure (CAP) serves as a crucial parameter for assessing cardiovascular health and evaluating the risk of related diseases. Its non-invasive, continuous, accurate reconstruction is evaluation prevention However, traditional approaches often exhibit limited accuracy, while certain deep learning models face challenges in feature extraction, which limits their widespread use clinical adoption. This study introduces novel waveform model (CBL-iTransformer), built upon an enhanced iTransformer architecture. It integrates bidirectional long short-term memory networks (BiLSTM) convolutional neural (CNN) to augment extraction efficiency precision during process. performance CBL-iTransformer reconstructing CAP discussed validated using radial (RAP) data obtained from 62 patients who underwent invasive measurements before after medication. metrics, including mean absolute error (MAE) root square (RMSE), are compared against tranditional method well range models. research findings demonstrate that achieves robust ( : 0.93 ± 0.90 mmHg , 1.29 mmHg), also yielding reliable results aortic systolic (CASP) diastolic (CADP) waveforms 1.44 0.84 1.30 0.78 mmHg). demonstrates excellent expected be applied practice future.

Language: Английский

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Electrocardiographic Frontal QRS-T Angle Is Independently Associated with the Presence of Celiac Disease and Disease Duration

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 187 - 187

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Background: The impact of Celiac Disease (CD) is not only limited to the intestinal system, but extraintestinal manifestations may also be seen. In this context, cardiac have recently been focus attention. This study aimed evaluate myocardial repolarization properties in CD patients by assessing frontal QRS-T Angle (fQRS-T) on electrocardiography (ECG). Methods: A total 302 patients, including 150 and 152 control group were included study. ECG parameters, fQRS-T, QRS interval, QTc calculated for each patient compared between groups. addition, relationship these parameters with disease duration was analyzed. Results: median 38.5 (16 96) months group. Significantly wider interval (92 (86 vs. 83 (76.3 93), p < 0.001) fQRS-T (23 (13 37) 18 (6.3 27), values observed Among those longer (>38.5 months) exhibited significantly intervals (94 (88 98) 88 (84 94), angles (29 (14 47) 16 (10 25), shorter duration. positive correlation demonstrated (r = 0.478, 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression identified (OR: 1.060, 95% CI: 1.032-1.088, angle 1.028, 1.013-1.043, as independent predictors CD. Additionally, 1.066, 1.012-1.124, 0.016) 1.021, 1.003-1.038, 0.021) significant linear analysis confirmed that a stronger predictor widening (B: 0.389, 0.102-0.677, age 0.184, 0.123-0.245, 0.008). Conclusions: study, we chronic inflammation secondary negative effects effect closely related

Language: Английский

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Age-associated B-cells are expanded in early arthritis linked to atherosclerosis and immune circuits - a potential role as a biomarker for risk stratification

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

ABSTRACT Objective immune dysregulation may play a role in cardiovascular (CV) risk excess rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, exact mediators are unknown. Age-associated B cells (ABCs) have emerged as multi-faceted pro-inflammatory mediators, also the atherosclerosis microenvironment, but their autoimmunity is ill-defined. Our aim was to evaluate ABCs levels earliest stages of inflammatory and potential biomarkers atherosclerosis. Methods were quantified by flow cytometry 58 early RA patients, 11 individuals with clinical-suspect arthralgia (CSA) 33 healthy controls (HC). Atherosclerosis occurrence measured Doppler-ultrasound. Cytokines multiplex immunoassays. Cardiometabolic-related proteins evaluated using high-throughput targeted proteomics. Results Circulating increased patients compared HC within CD19+ PBMCs pools (p=0.013 p<0.001, respectively). Numerically higher found CSA. frequency unrelated disease features traditional CV factors negatively associated good therapeutic outcomes upon csDMARD at 6 12 months. positively correlated proinflammatory cytokines (IFNg, TNF, IL-6 IL-21) proteomic signatures related B- T-cell responses well cellular pathways linked independently extent patients. Furthermore, adding significantly improved stratification over conventional instruments. Conclusions expansion an event along course, outcomes, milieu burden. be missing link between humoral autoimmunity.

Language: Английский

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Positive Islet Cell Cytoplasmic Antibody and Long‐Term Use of Lipid‐Lowering Agents Are Positively Correlated With Peripheral Atherosclerosis in Patients With Autoimmune Diabetes: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Journal of Diabetes Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Aims: This cross‐sectional study is aimed at determining whether systemic inflammation, diabetic autoantibodies, and islet β cell dysfunction play a role in the progression of macrovascular complications patients with autoimmune diabetes. Methods: 202 diabetes aged ≥ 35 years hospitalized Peking Union Medical College Hospital were enrolled this study. The divided into three groups based on severity peripheral atherosclerosis. Biomarkers function, other covariates validated to be associated collected. Correlations between atherosclerosis function examined using an ordinal logistic regression model. Results: Of patients, 39.1% male, median age 53 (43, 60) duration 96 (36, 216) months. 58 had no lesions arteries, 72 carotid or lower extremity rest both arteries. In multifactor test, positive cytoplasmic antibody (ICA) long‐term use lipid‐lowering agents independently after adjusting for duration. Conclusions: correlation ICA suggests inflammation early stage plays association need screening intervention dyslipidemia

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Infection and Coronary Plaque Progression: An Early Warning of a Potential Public Health Crisis

Radiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 314(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

HomeRadiologyVol. 314, No. 2 Previous Reviews and CommentaryFree AccessEditorialCOVID-19 Infection Coronary Plaque Progression: An Early Warning of a Potential Public Health CrisisJonathan R. Weir-McCall , Jack S. BellJonathan BellAuthor AffiliationsFrom the Department Cardiovascular Imaging, Biomedical Engineering Imaging Sciences, King's College London, England (J.R.W.M.); Radiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guys St. Thomas' NHS Trust, Westminster Bridge Rd, 4th Fl, Lambeth Wing, Office Suite 2, London SE1 7EH, Liverpool Center for Science at University Liverpool, John Moores Heart Chest (J.S.B.).Address correspondence to J.R.W.M. (email: [email protected]).Jonathan BellPublished Online:Feb 4 2025https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.243767See also article by Dai et al in this issue.MoreSectionsPDF ToolsAdd favoritesCiteTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareShare onFacebookXLinked In See issue.Jonathan is senior lecturer cardiothoracic radiologist Hospital. His research interests lie use cardiovascular CT better understanding how these can be used improve patient treatment outcomes structural coronary artery disease. He sits on guideline committee SCCT, Certification Accreditation Committee EACVI Diagnostics Advisory NICE.Download as PowerPointJack Bell cardiology registrar National Institute Research academic clinical fellow Centre Science. center around integrating multimodal data, including imaging, risk prediction diseases.Download PowerPoint 5 years since outbreak COVID-19 pandemic, there have been over 750 million documented cases, with 100 United States alone (1). With advent mass vaccinations growing population immunity, morbidity mortality associated acute infection has improved substantially. Resolution does not result cessation consequences COVID-19, however. Long-term sequelae observed across multiple organ systems include 1.6-fold higher events 1 year after (2). The precise mechanisms which influences remain uncertain, although one most compelling hypotheses an interaction between atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis chronic inflammatory disease, endothelial dysfunction accumulation low-density lipoprotein cholesterol vessel intima leading complex cascade involving both innate adaptive immune system. Both autoimmune conditions (eg, rheumatoid arthritis, bowel psoriasis) viral infections HIV) potentiate relevant pathways, accelerated plaque formation, progression, instability (3,4). evidence less clear infections, studies calcium progression following pneumonia reduced influenza vaccine recipients (5,6). Preclinical shown plausible could influence atherosclerosis, direct effects vascular endothelium platelets via angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor indirect through induction systemic inflammation (7). However, atherosclerosis lacking. angiography (CCTA) ideal tool addressing question. It enables noninvasive quantitative assessment burden atherosclerotic within entire tree. This agree well invasive detect response, predict events. information further complemented pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation, measured same time. elevated PCAT attenuation suggestive inflammation. A recent study 158 patients demonstrated increased prior (8). While useful first glimpse into inflammation, analysis did examine volume, nor it consider consequence elevation attenuation. issue (9) harness serial CCTA scans alongside state-of-the-art image investigate associates outcomes. retrospective single-center analyzed 803 least two examinations performed median interval 3 apart. cohort was stratified according whether confirmed occurred final examination. total 690 2108 plaques had 113 480 not. groups were matched baseline terms traditional factors; medications; C-reactive protein levels; infection; vaccination status; features, volumes, high-risk key finding that exhibited greater annualized percent atheroma volume (mean, 0.90% per ± 0.91 [SD] vs 0.62% 0.68; P < .001) noncalcified 0.78% 0.79 0.42% 0.45; compared without infection. Plaques more likely progress (incidence, 21.0% 15.8%; = .03) exhibit 27.1% 19.8%; At causal mediation analysis—which assumes no unmeasured confounders association exposure, mediators, outcomes—PCAT accounted 10.3% between-group difference progression. Clinical recorded 9 months examination defined lesion level, target failure end point encompassing cardiac death, myocardial infarction, revascularization; major adverse all-cause hospitalization unstable angina. Patients (10.4% 3.1%; adjusted hazard ratio, 2.90; (20.1% 3.8%; 4.8; .002) those should commended their comprehensive large cohort, providing insights potential longer-term COVID-19. Whereas findings certainly suggest strong link infection, always confounding, inherent observational studies. particular, behavior acquiring such mask wearing, status, adherence public health regulations, related reduction behaviors, preventative lifestyle measures medication. similar levels vaccination, before period, medication use, provides some reassurance regard, course guarantee adherence. excluded who required interscan interval, thereby excluding highest risk. Therefore, possible severity consequent Replication multicenter setting, ideally range ethnic backgrounds, validate Asian rates are high. Overall, important hypothesis-generating clinically understudied area. mild raises interesting questions about mechanism. Although shared biologic pathways linking so-called cytokine storm severe COVID-19—namely inflammasome activation downstream interleukin 1β, 6, release—this Indeed, high-sensitivity follow-up normal study. Instead, incidence persistent but localized Mechanisms here antigen persistence, dysregulation, dysfunction, oxidative stress extending postacute phase Causal suggested only responsible overall contribution underestimated because 7 months. If driving force would expect maximal peri-infection period then quiescing. Consistent this, imaged than Further work aid temporal relationship underlying association, determine specific question mechanism essential establishing mitigate guiding we targeting earliest during or long term. From perspective, concerning approach 800 cases worldwide replicated other populations, spectrum severity, becomes best integrate care pathway. Some calculators, QRISK3, already incorporate arthritis lupus erythematosus calculations, reported ratios (10). quantification may help refine risk, given scale numbers infected, integration cost-effective manner challenging. Given magnitude hand, action bring together trials necessary assess strategies, anti-inflammatory medications statins, reduce prevent future events.Disclosures conflicts interest: No relationships. J.S.B. supported fellowship from Hospital Charity.References1. WHO dashboard: cases. World Organization. https://data.who.int/dashboards/covid19/cases. Accessed December 3, 2024. Google Scholar2. Xie Y, Xu E, Bowe B, Al-Aly Z. Nat Med 2022;28(3):583–590. Medline Scholar3. Hemmat N, Ebadi A, Badalzadeh R, Memar MY, Baghi HB. Viral Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2018;37(12):2225–2233. Scholar4. Porsch F, Binder CJ. Autoimmune diseases Rev Cardiol 2024;21(11):780–807. Scholar5. Behrouzi Bhatt DL, Cannon CP, al. Association Influenza Vaccination Risk: Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2022;5(4):e228873. Scholar6. Corrales-Medina VF, Dwivedi G, Taljaard M, pneumonia: MESA PLoS One 2018;13(2):e0191750. Scholar7. Chidambaram V, Kumar Sadaf MI, Initiation Progression Atherosclerosis: Pathophysiology During Beyond Acute Phase. JACC Adv 2024;3(8):101107. Scholar8. Mátyás BB, Benedek I, Blîndu Elevated FAI Index Pericoronary Inflammation Identifies Increased Risk Vulnerability Infection. Int Mol Sci 2023;24(8):7398. Scholar9. Tang X, Hu SARS-CoV-2 Radiology 2025;314(2):e240876. Scholar10. Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C, Brindle P. Development validation QRISK3 algorithms estimate disease: prospective BMJ 2017;357:j2099. ScholarArticle HistoryReceived: Dec 10 2024Revision requested: 19 received: 2024Accepted: 20 2024Published online: Feb 04 2025 FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsAccompanying ArticleSARS-CoV-2 Atherosclerotic Angiography Adverse EventsFeb 2025Radiology Vol. Metrics Altmetric Score PDF download

Language: Английский

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Emerging Mechanisms and Biomarkers Associated with T-Cells and B-Cells in Autoimmune Disorders

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 68(1)

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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