Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
48(19), P. 4979 - 5015
Published: Jan. 1, 2019
To
accelerate
the
deployment
of
hydrogen
produced
by
renewable
solar
energy,
several
technologies
have
been
competitively
developed,
including
photoelectrochemical
(PEC),
photocatalytic,
and
photovoltaic-electrolysis
routes.
In
this
review,
we
place
PEC
in
context
with
these
competing
highlight
key
advantages
systems.
After
defining
unique
performance
metrics
water
splitting
system,
recently
developed
strategies
for
enhancing
each
metric,
such
as
photocurrent
density,
photovoltage,
fill
factor,
stability
are
surveyed
conjunction
relevant
theoretical
aspects.
addition,
various
advanced
characterization
methods
discussed,
situ
techniques,
allowing
us
to
understand
not
only
basic
properties
materials
but
also
diverse
photophysical
phenomena
underlying
system.
Based
on
insights
gained
from
provide
a
resource
researchers
field
well
those
who
want
join
field,
offer
an
outlook
how
thin
film-based
studies
could
lead
commercially
viable
Materials Advances,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
2(6), P. 1821 - 1871
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
Nanomaterials
have
emerged
as
an
amazing
class
of
materials
that
consists
a
broad
spectrum
examples
with
at
least
one
dimension
in
the
range
1
to
100
nm.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
140(25), P. 7748 - 7759
Published: May 22, 2018
Water
splitting
is
the
essential
chemical
reaction
to
enable
storage
of
intermittent
energies
such
as
solar
and
wind
in
form
hydrogen
fuel.
The
oxygen
evolution
(OER)
often
considered
bottleneck
water
splitting.
Though
metal
oxides
had
been
reported
OER
electrocatalysts
more
than
half
a
century
ago,
recent
interest
renewable
energy
has
spurred
renaissance
studies
transition
Earth-abundant
nonprecious
catalysts.
This
Perspective
presents
major
progress
several
key
areas
field
theoretical
understanding,
activity
trend,
situ
operando
characterization,
active
site
determination,
novel
materials.
A
personal
overview
past
achievements
future
challenges
also
provided.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
31(17)
Published: Feb. 21, 2019
Abstract
Heterogenous
electrocatalysts
based
on
transition
metal
sulfides
(TMS)
are
being
actively
explored
in
renewable
energy
research
because
nanostructured
forms
support
high
intrinsic
activities
for
both
the
hydrogen
evolution
reaction
(HER)
and
oxygen
(OER).
Herein,
it
is
described
how
researchers
working
to
improve
performance
of
TMS‐based
materials
by
manipulating
their
internal
external
nanoarchitectures.
A
general
introduction
water‐splitting
initially
provided
explain
most
important
parameters
accessing
catalytic
nanomaterials
catalysts.
Later,
synthetic
methods
used
prepare
explained
order
delve
into
various
strategies
achieve
higher
electrocatalytic
HER.
Complementary
can
be
increase
OER
TMS,
resulting
bifunctional
HER
OER.
Finally,
current
challenges
future
opportunities
TMS
context
water
splitting
summarized.
The
aim
herein
provide
insights
gathered
process
studying
describe
valuable
guidelines
engineering
other
kinds
nanomaterial
catalysts
conversion
storage
technologies.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
56(45), P. 13944 - 13960
Published: May 24, 2017
Abstract
Recent
years
have
witnessed
a
dramatic
increase
in
the
production
of
sustainable
and
renewable
energy.
However,
electrochemical
performances
various
systems
are
limited,
there
is
an
intensive
search
for
highly
efficient
electrocatalysts
by
more
rational
control
over
size,
shape,
composition,
structure.
Of
particular
interest
studies
on
single‐atom
catalysts
(SACs),
which
sparked
new
interests
electrocatalysis
because
their
high
catalytic
activity,
stability,
selectivity,
100
%
atom
utilization.
In
this
Review,
we
introduce
innovative
syntheses
characterization
techniques
SACs,
with
focus
applications
oxygen
reduction/evolution
reaction,
hydrogen
evolution
hydrocarbon
conversion
reactions
fuel
cells
(electrooxidation
methanol,
ethanol,
formic
acid).
The
electrocatalytic
performance
further
considered
at
atomic
level
underlying
mechanisms
discussed.
ultimate
goal
tailoring
single
atoms
applications.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
28(43)
Published: Aug. 16, 2018
Abstract
Developing
sustainable
and
renewable
energy
sources
along
with
efficient
storage
conversion
technologies
is
vital
to
address
environmental
challenges.
Electrochemical
water
splitting
coupling
grid‐scale
harvesting
becoming
one
of
the
most
promising
approaches.
Besides,
hydrogen
highest
mass‐energy
density
any
fuel
regarded
as
ultimate
clean
carrier.
The
realization
practical
depends
heavily
on
development
low‐cost,
highly
active,
durable
catalysts
for
evolution
reactions
(HERs)
oxygen
(OERs).
Recently,
heterostructured
catalysts,
which
are
generally
composed
electrochemical
active
materials
various
functional
additives,
have
demonstrated
extraordinary
electrocatalytic
performance
toward
HER
OER,
particularly
a
number
precious‐metal‐free
heterostructures
delivered
comparable
activity
precious‐metal‐based
catalysts.
Herein,
an
overview
presented
recent
research
progress
It
starts
summarizing
fundamentals
approaches
evaluating
activity.
Then,
design
synthesis
heterostructures,
performance,
related
mechanisms
enhancement
discussed.
Finally,
future
opportunities
challenges
highlighted
from
points
view
both
fundamental
understandings
applications.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: Nov. 8, 2019
Abstract
Seawater
is
one
of
the
most
abundant
natural
resources
on
our
planet.
Electrolysis
seawater
not
only
a
promising
approach
to
produce
clean
hydrogen
energy,
but
also
great
significance
desalination.
The
implementation
electrolysis
requires
robust
and
efficient
electrocatalysts
that
can
sustain
splitting
without
chloride
corrosion,
especially
for
anode.
Here
we
report
three-dimensional
core-shell
metal-nitride
catalyst
consisting
NiFeN
nanoparticles
uniformly
decorated
NiMoN
nanorods
supported
Ni
foam,
which
serves
as
an
eminently
active
durable
oxygen
evolution
reaction
alkaline
electrolysis.
Combined
with
nanorods,
have
achieved
industrially
required
current
densities
500
1000
mA
cm
−2
at
record
low
voltages
1.608
1.709
V,
respectively,
overall
60
°C.
This
discovery
significantly
advances
development
large-scale
production.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
48(7), P. 1908 - 1971
Published: Jan. 1, 2019
Solar
water
splitting
is
a
promising
approach
to
transform
sunlight
into
renewable,
sustainable
and
green
hydrogen
energy.
There
are
three
representative
ways
of
transforming
solar
radiation
molecular
hydrogen,
which
the
photocatalytic
(PC),
photoelectrochemical
(PEC),
photovoltaic-electrolysis
(PV-EC)
routes.
Having
future
perspective
economy
in
mind,
this
review
article
discusses
devices
systems
for
solar-to-hydrogen
production
including
comparison
above
systems.
The
focus
placed
on
critical
assessment
key
components
needed
scale
up
PEC
such
as
materials
efficiency,
cost,
elemental
abundancy,
stability,
fuel
separation,
device
operability,
cell
architecture,
techno-economic
aspects
follows
stepwise
provides
(i)
summary
basic
principles
employed
splitting,
(ii)
an
extensive
discussion
technologies,
procedures,
system
designs,
(iii)
introduction
international
demonstration
projects,
development
benchmarked
large-scale
prototype
task
scaling
laboratory
overall
practical
may
be
called
"an
artificial
photosynthetic
leaf-to-farm
challenge".
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
51(11), P. 4583 - 4762
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Replacing
fossil
fuels
with
energy
sources
and
carriers
that
are
sustainable,
environmentally
benign,
affordable
is
amongst
the
most
pressing
challenges
for
future
socio-economic
development.
