Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
122(2), P. 2292 - 2352
Published: Dec. 9, 2021
The
halogen-atom
transfer
(XAT)
is
one
of
the
most
important
and
applied
processes
for
generation
carbon
radicals
in
synthetic
chemistry.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
highlight
aspects
associated
with
XAT
impact
it
has
had
on
photochemistry
photocatalysis.
organization
material
starts
analysis
mechanistic
then
follows
a
subdivision
based
nature
reagents
used
halogen
abstraction.
This
review
aims
to
provide
general
overview
fundamental
concepts
main
agents
involved
objective
offering
tool
understand
facilitate
development
new
radical
strategies.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
119(4), P. 2192 - 2452
Published: Nov. 27, 2018
C–H
activation
has
surfaced
as
an
increasingly
powerful
tool
for
molecular
sciences,
with
notable
applications
to
material
crop
protection,
drug
discovery,
and
pharmaceutical
industries,
among
others.
Despite
major
advances,
the
vast
majority
of
these
functionalizations
required
precious
4d
or
5d
transition
metal
catalysts.
Given
cost-effective
sustainable
nature
earth-abundant
first
row
metals,
development
less
toxic,
inexpensive
3d
catalysts
gained
considerable
recent
momentum
a
significantly
more
environmentally-benign
economically-attractive
alternative.
Herein,
we
provide
comprehensive
overview
on
until
summer
2018.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
122(2), P. 1485 - 1542
Published: Nov. 18, 2021
The
merger
of
photoredox
catalysis
with
transition
metal
catalysis,
termed
metallaphotoredox
has
become
a
mainstay
in
synthetic
methodology
over
the
past
decade.
Metallaphotoredox
combined
unparalleled
capacity
for
bond
formation
broad
utility
photoinduced
electron-
and
energy-transfer
processes.
Photocatalytic
substrate
activation
allowed
engagement
simple
starting
materials
metal-mediated
bond-forming
Moreover,
electron
or
energy
transfer
directly
key
organometallic
intermediates
provided
novel
modes
entirely
complementary
to
traditional
catalytic
platforms.
This
Review
details
contextualizes
advancements
molecule
construction
brought
forth
by
metallaphotocatalysis.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
47(15), P. 5786 - 5865
Published: Jan. 1, 2018
This
review
provides
an
overview
of
the
use
electrochemistry
as
appealing
platform
for
expediting
carbon–hydrogen
functionalization
and
carbon–nitrogen
bond
formation.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
122(2), P. 1875 - 1924
Published: Aug. 6, 2021
Direct
photocatalyzed
hydrogen
atom
transfer
(d-HAT)
can
be
considered
a
method
of
choice
for
the
elaboration
aliphatic
C–H
bonds.
In
this
manifold,
photocatalyst
(PCHAT)
exploits
energy
photon
to
trigger
homolytic
cleavage
such
bonds
in
organic
compounds.
Selective
bond
may
achieved
by
judicious
abstractor
(key
parameters
are
electronic
character
and
molecular
structure),
as
well
reaction
additives.
Different
classes
PCsHAT
available,
including
aromatic
ketones,
xanthene
dyes
(Eosin
Y),
polyoxometalates,
uranyl
salts,
metal-oxo
porphyrin
tris(amino)cyclopropenium
radical
dication.
The
processes
(mainly
C–C
formation)
most
cases
carried
out
under
mild
conditions
with
help
visible
light.
aim
review
is
offer
comprehensive
survey
synthetic
applications
d-HAT.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
58(12), P. 3730 - 3747
Published: Oct. 19, 2018
Abstract
The
fast‐moving
fields
of
photoredox
and
photocatalysis
have
recently
provided
fresh
opportunities
to
expand
the
potential
synthetic
organic
chemistry.
Advances
in
light‐mediated
processes
mainly
been
guided
so
far
by
empirical
findings
quest
for
reaction
invention.
general
perception,
however,
is
that
entering
a
more
mature
phase
where
combination
experimental
mechanistic
studies
will
play
dominant
role
sustaining
further
innovation.
This
Review
outlines
key
consider
when
developing
photochemical
process,
best
techniques
available
acquiring
relevant
information.
discussion
use
selected
case
highlight
how
investigations
can
be
instrumental
guiding
invention
development
synthetically
useful
photocatalytic
transformations.
Science,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
363(6434), P. 1429 - 1434
Published: March 28, 2019
Most
photoredox
catalysts
in
current
use
are
precious
metal
complexes
or
synthetically
elaborate
organic
dyes,
the
cost
of
which
can
impede
their
application
for
large-scale
industrial
processes.
We
found
that
a
combination
triphenylphosphine
and
sodium
iodide
under
456-nanometer
irradiation
by
blue
light-emitting
diodes
catalyze
alkylation
silyl
enol
ethers
decarboxylative
coupling
with
redox-active
esters
absence
transition
metals.
Deaminative
using
Katritzky's
N-alkylpyridinium
salts
trifluoromethylation
Togni's
reagent
also
demonstrated.
Moreover,
phosphine/iodide-based
system
catalyzes
Minisci-type
N-heterocycles
operate
tandem
chiral
phosphoric
acids
to
achieve
high
enantioselectivity
this
reaction.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
122(2), P. 1925 - 2016
Published: Sept. 29, 2021
The
fields
of
C–H
functionalization
and
photoredox
catalysis
have
garnered
enormous
interest
utility
in
the
past
several
decades.
Many
different
scientific
disciplines
relied
on
strategies
including
natural
product
synthesis,
drug
discovery,
radiolabeling,
bioconjugation,
materials,
fine
chemical
synthesis.
In
this
Review,
we
highlight
use
reactions.
We
separate
review
into
inorganic/organometallic
catalysts
organic-based
catalytic
systems.
Further
subdivision
by
reaction
class─either
sp2
or
sp3
functionalization─lends
perspective
tactical
for
these
methods
synthetic
applications.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
140(45), P. 15353 - 15365
Published: Oct. 2, 2018
The
targeted
choice
of
specific
photocatalysts
has
been
shown
to
play
a
critical
role
for
the
successful
realization
challenging
photoredox
catalytic
transformations.
Herein,
we
demonstrate
implementation
rational
design
strategy
series
deliberate
structural
manipulations
cyanoarene-based,
purely
organic
donor-acceptor
photocatalysts,
using
1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene
(4CzIPN)
as
starting
point.
Systematic
modifications
both
donor
substituents
well
acceptors'
molecular
core
allowed
us
identify
strongly
oxidizing
reducing
catalysts
(e.g.,
an
unprecedented
detriflation
unactivated
naphthol
triflate),
which
additionally
offer
remarkably
balanced
redox
potentials
with
predictable
trends.
Especially
halogen
arene
substitutions
are
instrumental
our
alterations
catalysts'
properties.
Based
on
their
preeminent
electrochemical
and
photophysical
characteristics,
all
novel,
were
evaluated
in
three
challenging,
mechanistically
distinct
classes
benchmark
reactions
(either
requiring
balanced,
highly
or
properties)
enormous
potential
customizable
that
outperform
complement
prevailing
typical
best
photocatalysts.
Science,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
364(6439)
Published: May 2, 2019
Visible-light
photoredox
catalysis
offers
a
distinct
activation
mode
complementary
to
thermal
transition
metal
catalyzed
reactions.
The
vast
majority
of
processes
capitalizes
on
precious
ruthenium(II)
or
iridium(III)
complexes
that
serve
as
single-electron
reductants
oxidants
in
their
photoexcited
states.
As
low-cost
alternative,
organic
dyes
are
also
frequently
used
but
general
suffer
from
lower
photostability.
Copper-based
photocatalysts
rapidly
emerging,
offering
not
only
economic
and
ecological
advantages
otherwise
inaccessible
inner-sphere
mechanisms,
which
have
been
successfully
applied
challenging
transformations.
Moreover,
the
combination
conventional
with
copper(I)
copper(II)
salts
has
emerged
an
efficient
dual
catalytic
system
for
cross-coupling