Gut Dysbiosis and Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction: Potential Explanation for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer DOI Creative Commons

Siti Maryam Ahmad Kendong,

Raja Affendi Raja Ali, Khairul Najmi Muhammad Nawawi

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Dec. 13, 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease that commonly affects individuals aged more than 50 years old globally. Regular colorectal screening, which recommended for and above, has decreased the number of death toll over years. However, CRC incidence increased among younger population (below old). Environmental factors, such as smoking, dietary factor, urbanization, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, may contribute to rising trend early-onset (EOCRC) because lack genetic susceptibility. Research focused on role gut microbiota its interaction with epithelial barrier genes in sporadic CRC. Population consumption grain vegetables showed high abundance Prevotella , reduces risk Microbes, Fusobacterium nucleatum Bacteroides fragilis Escherichia coli deteriorate intestinal barrier, leads infiltration inflammatory mediators chemokines. Gut dysbiosis also occur following inflammation clearly observed animal model. Both pre- or post-inflammatory process cause major alteration morphology functional properties tissue explain pathological outcome EOCRC. The precise mechanism progression from an early stage until establishment not fully understood. We hypothesized dysbiosis, be influenced by environmental induce changes genome, metabolome, immunome could destruct function. Also, possible underlying give impact microbial community leading disruption physical barrier. This review explains potential host microenvironment, microbiota, provide answer

Language: Английский

Is early-onset cancer an emerging global epidemic? Current evidence and future implications DOI
Tomotaka Ugai, Naoko Sasamoto, Hwa‐Young Lee

et al.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(10), P. 656 - 673

Published: Sept. 6, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

315
Risk Factors for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis DOI
Dylan E. O’Sullivan,

Robert L. Sutherland,

Susanna Town

et al.

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 1229 - 1240.e5

Published: Jan. 29, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

251
The Role of p53 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer DOI Open Access
Magdalena C. Liebl, Thomas G. Hofmann

Cancers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 2125 - 2125

Published: April 28, 2021

The transcription factor p53 functions as a critical tumor suppressor by orchestrating plethora of cellular responses such DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, senescence, death, differentiation, and metabolism. In unstressed cells, levels are kept low due to its polyubiquitination the E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2. response various stress signals, including damage aberrant growth interaction between MDM2 is blocked becomes stabilized, allowing regulate diverse set mainly through transactivation target genes. outcome activation controlled dynamics, interactions with other proteins, post-translational modifications. Due involvement in several tumor-suppressing pathways, function frequently impaired human cancers. colorectal cancer (CRC), TP53 gene mutated 43% tumors, remaining tumors often have compromised functioning because alterations genes encoding proteins involved regulation, ATM (13%) or DNA-PKcs (11%). mutations CRC usually missense that impair wild-type (loss-of-function) even might provide neo-morphic (gain-of-function) activities promoting stemness, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, thereby progression. Although first compounds targeting clinical trials, better understanding mutant will likely pave way for novel therapies.

Language: Английский

Citations

210
Antibiotic perturbations to the gut microbiome DOI
Skye R. S. Fishbein, Bejan Mahmud, Gautam Dantas

et al.

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(12), P. 772 - 788

Published: July 25, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

184
Sugar-sweetened beverage intake in adulthood and adolescence and risk of early-onset colorectal cancer among women DOI Open Access
Jinhee Hur, Ebunoluwa Otegbeye, Hee‐Kyung Joh

et al.

Gut, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 70(12), P. 2330 - 2336

Published: May 6, 2021

Objective Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption had substantially increased across successive US birth cohorts until 2000, and adolescents young adults under age 50 years have the highest consumption. However, link between SSBs early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) remains unexamined. Design In Nurses’ Health Study II (1991–2015), we prospectively investigated association of SSB intake in adulthood adolescence with EO-CRC risk among 95 464 women who reported using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) every 4 years. A subset 41 272 participants at 13–18 a high school-FFQ 1998. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) 95% CIs. Results We documented 109 cases. Compared individuals consumed <1 serving/week adulthood, ≥2 servings/day more than doubled (RR 2.18; CI 1.10 4.35; p trend =0.02), 16% higher 1.16; 1.00 1.36) per serving/day increase. Each increment was associated 32% 1.32; 1.75). Replacing each that artificially sweetened beverages, coffee, reduced fat milk or total 17%–36% lower EO-CRC. Conclusion Higher women. Reduction may serve as potential strategy alleviate growing burden

Language: Английский

Citations

152
Young-onset colorectal cancer DOI
Manon C.W. Spaander, Ann G. Zauber, Sapna Syngal

et al.

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: April 27, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

148
Integrated metagenomic and metabolomic analysis reveals distinct gut-microbiome-derived phenotypes in early-onset colorectal cancer DOI
Cheng Kong, Lei Liang,

Guang Liu

et al.

Gut, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 72(6), P. 1129 - 1142

Published: Aug. 11, 2022

Objective The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) is steadily increasing. Here, we aimed to characterise the interactions between gut microbiome, metabolites and microbial enzymes in EO-CRC patients evaluate their potential as non-invasive biomarkers for EO-CRC. Design We performed metagenomic metabolomic analyses, identified multiomics markers constructed CRC classifiers discovery cohort with 130 late-onset (LO-CRC), 114 subjects age-matched healthy controls (97 LO-Control 100 EO-Control). An independent 38 LO-CRC, 24 EO-CRC, 22 LO-Controls EO-Controls was analysed validate results. Results Compared controls, reduced alpha-diversity apparent both, LO-CRC subjects. Although common variations existed, integrative analyses distinct microbiome–metabolome associations Fusobacterium nucleatum enrichment short-chain fatty acid depletion, including GABA biosynthesis a shift acetate/acetaldehyde metabolism towards acetyl-CoA production characterises LO-CRC. In comparison, signatures tended be associated enriched Flavonifractor plauti increased tryptophan, bile choline metabolism. Notably, elevated red meat intake-related species, KEGG orthology (KO) pldB cbh gene axis may tumour stimulators predictive model based on metagenomic, KO achieved powerful classification performance distinguishing from controls. Conclusion Our large-sample data suggest that altered interplay helps explain pathogenesis microbiome-derived promising tools could used accurate detection distinction individuals

Language: Английский

Citations

144
Updated epidemiology of gastrointestinal cancers in East Asia DOI
Junjie Huang, Don Eliseo Lucero‐Prisno, Lin Zhang

et al.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. 271 - 287

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

137
Global trends in incidence, death, burden and risk factors of early-onset cancer from 1990 to 2019 DOI Creative Commons
Jianhui Zhao,

Liying Xu,

Jing Sun

et al.

BMJ Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. e000049 - e000049

Published: July 1, 2023

This study aimed to explore the global burden of early-onset cancer based on Global Burden Disease (GBD) 2019 for 29 cancers worldwid. Incidence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and risk factors groups were obtained from GBD. incidence increased by 79.1% number deaths 27.7% between 1990 2019. Early-onset breast, tracheal, bronchus lung, stomach colorectal showed highest mortality DALYs in Globally, rates nasopharyngeal prostate fastest increasing trend, whereas liver sharpest decrease. had high within top five ranking both men women. High-middle middle Sociodemographic Index (SDI) regions cancer. The morbidity with SDI, rate decreased considerably when SDI 0.7 1. projections indicated that would increase 31% 21% 2030, respectively. Dietary (diet red meat, low fruits, sodium milk, etc), alcohol consumption tobacco use are main underlying cancers. continues worldwide notable variances areas, countries, sex types. Encouraging a healthy lifestyle could reduce disease burden.

Language: Английский

Citations

119
Patterns in Cancer Incidence Among People Younger Than 50 Years in the US, 2010 to 2019 DOI Creative Commons
Benjamin Koh, Darren Jun Hao Tan, Cheng Han Ng

et al.

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(8), P. e2328171 - e2328171

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

Emerging data suggest that the incidence of early-onset cancers, defined as cancers diagnosed in people younger than 50 years, is increasing, but updated are limited.To characterize patterns US from 2010 to 2019 and provide granular on with fastest-growing rates.This population-based cohort study analyzed 17 National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results registries January 1, 2010, December 31, 2019. Age-standardized rates per 100 000 were extracted for age adjusted standard population. A total 562 145 patients cancer between identified included. Data October 16, 2022, May 23, 2023.Primary outcomes descriptive epidemiological years cancer. The annual percentage change (APC) age-standardized rate was estimated using Joinpoint regression program.Among (324 138 [57.7%] aged 40-49 years; 351 120 [62.5%] female) cancer, 4565 (0.8%) American Indian or Alaska Native, 54 876 (9.8%) Asian Pacific Islander, 61 048 (10.9%) Black, 118 099 (21.0%) Hispanic, 314 610 (56.0%) White, 8947 (1.6%) unknown race and/or ethnicity. From 2019, increased overall (APC, 0.28%; 95% CI, 0.09%-0.47%; P = .01) female individuals 0.67%; 0.39%-0.94%; .001) decreased male -0.37%; -0.51% -0.22%; < .001). In contrast, older over period -0.87%; -1.06% -0.67%; highest number incident cases breast (n 12 649). gastrointestinal had among all groups 2.16%; 1.66%-2.67%; Among those appendix 15.61%; 9.21%-22.38%; .001), intrahepatic bile duct 8.12%; 4.94%-11.39%; pancreas 2.53%; 1.69%-3.38%; .001).In this study, Although cases, cancers. These may be useful development surveillance strategies funding priorities.

Language: Английский

Citations

91