Frontiers in Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: June 11, 2024
Resistance
to
traditional
treatment
methods
is
still
a
major
obstacle
in
modern
psychiatry.
As
result,
several
studies
are
currently
being
conducted
find
effective
alternatives
therapies.
One
of
these
psilocybin,
psychedelic
substance
that
has
been
tested
clinical
trials
as
an
adjunct
psychotherapy.
These
focus
on
patients
with
depressive
disorder
(MDD),
obsessive-compulsive
(OCD)
and
use
(SUD),
particularly
alcohol
nicotine
dependence.
This
article
looks
at
the
current
understanding
including
data
from
conducted,
psilocybin’s
mechanism
action,
its
safety
level
risk
associated
it.
NEJM Evidence,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(3)
Published: Feb. 8, 2024
BACKGROUND:
Smoking
cessation
reduces
mortality
and
morbidity.
However,
the
extent
rapidity
at
which
contemporary
death
rates
from
smoking-related
illnesses
remain
uncertain.
METHODS:
We
pooled
current
or
former
versus
never
cigarette
smoker
hazard
ratios
four
national
cohorts
with
linkage
to
registries
in
United
States,
Kingdom,
Norway,
Canada
among
adults
20
79
years
of
age
1974
2018.
calculated
excess
risk
differences
survival,
comparing
smokers
age-specific
fewer
than
3,
3
9,
10
more
earlier.
RESULTS:
Among
1.48
million
followed
for
15
years,
122,697
deaths
occurred.
Adjusting
age,
education,
alcohol
use,
obesity,
had
higher
compared
(2.8
women,
2.7
men).
Survival
between
40
was
12
13
less
women
men,
respectively,
who
smoked
(about
24
26
life
lost
died
smoking
combined
zero
loss
did
not
die
smoking).
Former
showed
lower
(1.3
both
Short-term
associated
a
95%
90%
men
younger
notable
beneficial
associations
also
49
(81%
61%,
respectively)
50
59
(63%
54%,
respectively).
Cessation
every
longer
particularly
before
age.
all
ages
continued
smoking,
potentially
averted
5
about
lost,
yielding
survival
similar
that
smokers.
CONCLUSIONS:
Quitting
any
but
overall
vascular,
respiratory,
neoplastic
diseases.
Beneficial
were
evident
as
early
after
cessation.
(Funded
by
Canadian
Institutes
Health
Research
[FDN-154277].)
BMC Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
25(1)
Published: Jan. 2, 2025
Health-related
quality
of
life
is
a
multi-dimensional
concept
that
involves
individual's
perceived
physical
and
mental
health,
social
relationships,
environment.
Family
members
are
the
primary
caregivers
people
living
with
schizophrenia
in
China,
caregiver
generally
poorer,
which
may
indirectly
affect
schizophrenia.
We
conducted
comprehensive
survey
on
based
Schizophrenia-specific
cohort
Less-developed
Multi-ethnic
Region
Southwest
China
to
validate
accessibility
effectiveness
family
care
model
at
level,
were
selected
as
participants
Baoshan
City,
Yunnan
Province
from
September
2022
March
2023,
life,
burden
disease,
sociodemographic
behavioral
information
collected.
Domain
scores
for
physical,
psychological,
environment
13.50
±
2.61,
12.67
2.40,
13.64
2.32,
12.46
1.76
respectively.
In
our
study,
we
found
gender,
age,
education
personal
monthly
income,
history
smoking
alcohol
consumption,
subjective
sleep
quality,
relation
patient,
degree
self-care
number
relapses
patient
all
influence
1
4
domains
caregivers,
stratified
analysis
was
minimize
effect
gender
results,
still
could
positively
predict
score
psychological
domain
consumption
relationships
domain.
Canonical
correlation
showed
'impact
interaction'
disease
most
closely
related
life.
Building
harmonious
can
help
improve
People
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(19), P. 14570 - 14570
Published: Sept. 26, 2023
Nicotine,
the
primary
psychoactive
agent
in
tobacco
leaves,
has
led
to
widespread
use
of
tobacco,
with
over
one
billion
smokers
globally.
This
article
provides
a
historical
overview
and
discusses
dependence,
as
well
biological
effects
induced
by
nicotine
on
mammalian
cells.
Nicotine
induces
various
effects,
such
neoangiogenesis,
cell
division,
proliferation,
it
affects
neural
non-neural
cells
through
specific
pathways
downstream
nicotinic
receptors
(nAChRs).
Specific
mediated
α7
nAChRs
are
highlighted.
is
highly
addictive
hazardous.
Public
health
initiatives
should
prioritize
combating
smoking
its
associated
risks.
Understanding
nicotine’s
complex
essential
for
comprehensive
research
informed
policies.
While
potential
links
between
COVID-19
severity
warrant
further
investigation,
remains
significant
cause
morbidity
mortality
Effective
public
strategies
vital
promote
healthier
lifestyles.
Nature Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30(3), P. 683 - 689
Published: Feb. 6, 2024
Abstract
Smoking
globally
kills
over
half
of
long-term
smokers
and
causes
about
7
million
annual
deaths.
The
World
Health
Organization
Framework
Convention
for
Tobacco
Control
(FCTC)
is
the
main
global
policy
strategy
to
combat
smoking,
but
its
effectiveness
uncertain.
Our
interrupted
time
series
analyses
compared
before-
after-FCTC
trends
in
numbers
prevalence
below
age
25
years
(when
smoking
initiation
occurs
during
which
response
interventions
greatest)
on
cessation
at
45–59
quitting
probably
occurs)
170
countries,
excluding
China.
Contrasting
10
after
FCTC
ratification
with
income-specific
before-FCTC
trends,
we
observed
cumulative
decreases
15.5%
(95%
confidence
interval
=
−33.2
−0.7)
current
−7.5%
CI
−10.6
−4.5)
years.
quit
ratio
(comparing
former
ever
smokers)
increased
by
1.8%
(1.2
2.3)
ratification.
Countries
raising
taxes
least
percentage
points
concurrent
steeper
all
three
outcomes
than
countries
that
did
not.
Over
a
decade
across
was
associated
24
fewer
young
2
more
quitters.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(5), P. 1796 - 1796
Published: Feb. 20, 2025
Currently,
the
number
of
e-cigarette
and
heated
tobacco
product
(HTP)
users
are
steadily
increasing,
while
classic
cigarette
decreasing.
The
effects
smoking
cigarettes
on
human
health
have
been
thoroughly
described
in
literature,
but
negative
e-cigarettes
HTPs
body
not
clearly
defined.
Among
different
forms
tobacco,
those
at
a
particularly
high
risk
developing
particular
disease
entities
should
be
identified,
allowing
for
faster
implementation
potential
treatments,
including
psychotherapeutic
ones.
Biomarkers
used
this
purpose.
This
paper
summarizes
these
compounds
from
exposure
groups
cigarettes,
e-cigarettes,
HTPs,
presents
changes
their
concentrations
fluids
users.
review
discusses
impact
use
relation
to
levels
following
biomarkers:
TNF-α,
IL-1β,
IL-6,
IL-8,
IL-17,
IFN-γ,
IL-10,
IL-4,
Il-13,
TGF-β,
VEGF
EGF,
HGF,
BDNF,
MMP-9,
CRP,
microplastics,
selected
parameters
oxidative
stress.
also
includes
suggested
treatment,
Tobacco
Product
Use
Reduction
Programs,
minimize
above-mentioned
products.
Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
28, P. 100597 - 100597
Published: Jan. 29, 2023
Tobacco
smoking
is
strongly
linked
to
vascular
damage
contributing
the
development
of
hypertension,
atherosclerosis,
as
well
increasing
risk
for
neurodegeneration.
Still,
involvement
innate
immune
system
in
upon
chronic
tobacco
use
before
onset
clinical
symptoms
not
fully
characterized.
Our
data
provide
evidence
that
a
single
acute
exposure
elicits
secretion
extracellular
vesicles
expressing
CD105
and
CD49e
from
endothelial
cells,
granting
further
recognition
early
preclinical
biomarkers
damage.
Furthermore,
we
investigated
effects
on
healthy
asymptomatic
smokers
compared
never-smokers,
focusing
system.
reveal
distinct
landscape
representative
stages
clinically
smokers,
related
diseases
develop.
These
results
indicate
dysregulated
immuno-vascular
axis
are
otherwise
considered
individuals.
The
alterations
characterized
by
increased
CD36
expression
blood
monocyte
subsets,
neutrophilia
plasma
IL-18
reduced
levels
IL-33,
IL-10
IL-8.
Additionally,
circulating
BDNF
elevated
sTREM2,
which
associated
with
neurodegeneration,
suggest
considerable
impact
CNS
function
findings
profound
insight
into
initial
ongoing
potential
neurodegenerative
disorders,
specifically
cerebrovascular
dysfunction
dementia.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(21), P. 2552 - 2552
Published: Oct. 31, 2023
E-cigarette
use
has
been
reported
to
affect
cell
viability,
induce
DNA
damage,
and
modulate
an
inflammatory
response
resulting
in
negative
health
consequences.
Most
studies
focus
on
oral
lung
disease
associated
with
e-cigarette
use.
However,
tissue
damage
can
be
found
the
cardio-vascular
system
even
bladder.
While
levels
of
carcinogenic
compounds
aerosols
are
lower
than
those
conventional
cigarette
smoke,
toxicants
generated
by
heat
vaping
device
may
include
probable
human
carcinogens.
Furthermore,
nicotine,
although
not
a
carcinogen,
metabolized
nitrosamines.
Nitrosamines
known
carcinogens
have
shown
present
saliva
e-cig
users,
demonstrating
risk
vaping.
E-cig
vape
adducts,
promoting
oxidative
stress
NF-kB-driven
inflammation.
Together,
these
processes
increase
transcription
pro-inflammatory
cytokines.
This
creates
microenvironment
thought
play
key
role
tumorigenesis,
it
is
too
early
know
long-term
effects
review
considers
different
aspects
e-cigarette-induced
cellular
changes,
including
generation
reactive
oxygen
species,
repair,
inflammation,
possible
tumorigenic
effects.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
176, P. 116891 - 116891
Published: June 12, 2024
Ulcerative
colitis
(UC)
is
a
chronic
inflammatory
bowel
disease
primarily
affecting
the
mucosa
of
colon
and
rectum.
UC
characterized
by
recurrent
episodes,
often
necessitating
lifelong
medication
use,
imposing
significant
burden
on
patients.
Current
conventional
advanced
treatments
for
have
disadvantages
insufficient
efficiency,
susceptibility
to
drug
resistance,
notable
adverse
effects.
Therefore,
developing
effective
safe
drugs
has
become
an
urgent
need.
Autophagy
intracellular
degradation
process
that
plays
important
role
in
intestinal
homeostasis.
Emerging
evidence
suggests
aberrant
autophagy
involved
development
UC,
modulating
can
effectively
alleviate
experimental
colitis.
A
growing
number
studies
established
interplay
with
endoplasmic
reticulum
stress,
gut
microbiota,
apoptosis,
NLRP3
inflammasome,
all
which
contribute
pathogenesis
UC.
In
addition,
variety
epithelial
cells,
including
absorptive
goblet
Paneth
as
well
other
cell
types
like
neutrophils,
antigen-presenting
stem
cells
gut,
mediate
through
autophagy.
To
date,
many
found
natural
products
hold
potential
exert
therapeutic
effects
regulating
This
review
focuses
possible
pharmacological
mechanisms
target
recent
years,
aiming
provide
basis
new
development.